{"id":973,"date":"2013-04-26T13:31:09","date_gmt":"2013-04-26T10:31:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=973"},"modified":"2019-07-19T00:06:21","modified_gmt":"2019-07-18T22:06:21","slug":"kucuk-ve-orta-olcekli-isletmeler-ayakta-kalabilecek-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/kucuk-ve-orta-olcekli-isletmeler-ayakta-kalabilecek-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler ayakta kalabilecek mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/isletmeler.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1028\" alt=\"isletmeler\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/isletmeler.jpg?resize=260%2C152\" width=\"260\" height=\"152\" \/><\/a>Bulgaristan Ekonomi, Enerji ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler, Bulgaristan\u2019da mevcut t\u00fcm il\u015fletmelerin y\u00fczde 99\u2019nu olu\u015fturuyor. Ulusal K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve Orta \u00d6l\u00e7ekli \u0130\u015fletmeler Derne\u011fi Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Eleonora Negulova\u2019ya g\u00f6re s\u00f6z konusu i\u015fletmeler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 67\u2019sine istihdam sa\u011fl\u0131yor ve ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde de Gayri Safi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131lat\u0131 (GSYH)\u2019\u0131n da ayn\u0131 oranda yine k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmelere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->Yani, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler hem en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f veren konumunda, hem de en b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131. Eleonora Negulova \u201cBu neden mi meydana geliyor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmelerin yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlere b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lardan hi\u00e7bir zaman ilgi yoktur\u201d diyor ve ekliyor:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMesela Montana veya Vidin b\u00f6lesine giderseniz, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yerle\u015fim yerlerinde bir tek yerli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler kendi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcm varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, t\u00fcm m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fc ve t\u00fcm kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atarak. \u015eimdi farkl\u0131 yerlerden \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmelerinin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli\u201doldu\u011funa dair mesaj geliyor. Fakat bu yetersiz. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmelerinin te\u015fvik edilmesi i\u00e7in somut kararlar\u0131n uygulanma zaman\u0131 geldi \u00e7att\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hazine doldurulacak ise ve yeterince para sa\u011flanacak ise, \u00f6nce birisi \u00fcretim yapmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bayan Negulova\u2019ya g\u00f6re, \u015fu anda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015f \u00e7evrelerinin y\u00fcz y\u00fcze geldi\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck problem son derece daralm\u0131\u015f olan piyasad\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir sorun da mali kaynaklara yakla\u015f\u0131mdan geliyor, ki bu yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00e7ok zorda, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Ulusal Garanti Fonunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na sarfetti\u011fi \u00e7abalara ve \u201cJeremi\u201d kredi program\u0131ndan para sa\u011flanabilmesi \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen. Di\u011fer bir taraftan b\u00fcy\u00fck market zincirlerinin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tekel durumu. B\u00f6ylece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcretici, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u0131da ve di\u011fer Bulgar mallar\u0131 nakliyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 eziliyor. En fazla i\u015fsiz hangi bran\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve hangileri krize meydan okuyor?<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEn fazla i\u015f yeri, halk\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frudan etkiledi\u011fi sekt\u00f6rler kaybetti.\u201d-diye s\u00f6z\u00fcne devam ediyor Eleonora Negulova. \u201c\u0130lk s\u0131rada bunlar temel ge\u00e7im ihitya\u00e7lar\u0131 olmayan mallard\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir ailenenin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7esi var. Her zaman insan\u0131n biyolojik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in mallar sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131yor. Do\u011fal olarak nispeten krizden olumsuz \u015fekilde en az etkilenen sekt\u00f6rleri de anacak olursak, bunlar enformasyon ve kom\u00fcnikasyon teknolojiler sekt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr.Hizmetlerin otomatik tedariki asl\u0131nda hazineye ciddi kaynaklar getiren ve yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7eken ciddi sekt\u00f6rlerden biridir. Buraya ihracat imkan\u0131 olan sekt\u00f6rler de dahil. Kriz zaman\u0131nda Ulusal K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve Orta \u00d6l\u00e7ekli \u0130\u015fletmeler Derne\u011finin tespit etti\u011fi \u015fu ki, i\u015f \u00e7evrelerinin str\u00fckt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine tabii tutulmas\u0131. Yani en az iki gelir kayna\u011f\u0131na sahip olmalar\u0131 gerekiyor, ki sadece bir i\u015fe bel ba\u011flamamalar\u0131 gerek.\u201d<\/p><div id=\"bghab-942778248\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Negulovaya g\u00f6re, bu i\u015f oratm\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli ara\u00e7lar e-h\u00fck\u00fcmetin y\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe konmas\u0131, e- belediyeler ve i\u015f \u00e7evrelerine kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flayacak y\u00f6ntemlerin bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Mesela: kay\u0131t, enformasyon ve lisans i\u015flemleri, ki bu i\u015f idare alan\u0131ndaki masraflar\u0131 ciddi oranda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler, Katma De\u011fer Kanunda de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gidilmesini istiyorlar, yani KDV, anla\u015fma imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 andan itibaren de\u011fil, \u00f6deme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda devlete \u00f6denmelidir.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmelerin, ona yap\u0131lan \u00f6demeye almadan, devleti finanse etrmesi normal bir sistem de\u011fildir.<br \/>\nEninde sonunda orta ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler ayakta kalabilecek mi?<br \/>\nEleonora Negulova cevap veriyor:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmelerin, ayakta kalmaktan ba\u015fka \u00e7aresi yok. Ve bu da Bulgar toplumu i\u00e7in iyi bir haber olarak de\u011ferlendiriyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz ise istihdam edilen y\u00fczde 67 oran\u0131nda insan i\u015fsiz kalmak zorunda olacak, bu insanlar i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak ve devlet onlara sosyal yard\u0131m \u00f6denmek zorunda kalacak. Yani k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler sosyal a\u00e7\u0131dan sorumlulu\u011fu \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir, vergilerini \u00f6demektedir, esnek olmaya devam edecek, imkanlar arayi\u015fi i\u00e7ersinde olacak ve \u00f6yle umut ediyorum ki, hayatta kalma a\u015famas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Bu tabii ki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir derecede Avrupa piyasalar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc biz genellikle o pazarlara \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yoruz ve bizim ekonomimiz son derece a\u00e7\u0131k bir ekonomidir. Burada en \u00f6nemli olan son y\u0131llarda meydana gelen olaylardan bir ders almak, de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi y\u00f6netmeyi \u00f6\u011frenmek ve de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi tan\u0131yabilmektir. Ayr\u0131ca de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe haz\u0131rlanmam\u0131z da gerekiyor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hepimizi \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcnler bekliyor. Orta ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli stratejiler haz\u0131rlamay\u0131 ba\u015faranlar ve haz\u0131rlanmay\u0131 bilenler bence ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>BNR &#8211; Yaz\u0131: Kostadin Atanasov<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-176732347\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan Ekonomi, Enerji ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler, Bulgaristan\u2019da mevcut t\u00fcm il\u015fletmelerin y\u00fczde 99\u2019nu olu\u015fturuyor. Ulusal K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve Orta \u00d6l\u00e7ekli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":1028,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-bulgaristan"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/isletmeler.jpg?fit=260%2C152&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-fH","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=973"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/973\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}