{"id":9672,"date":"2014-04-18T22:57:00","date_gmt":"2014-04-18T19:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=9672"},"modified":"2019-07-10T18:08:51","modified_gmt":"2019-07-10T16:08:51","slug":"ozgurluk-bulgaristan-anayasasinda-en-yuksek-deger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/ozgurluk-bulgaristan-anayasasinda-en-yuksek-deger\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck – Bulgaristan Anayasas\u0131\u2019nda en y\u00fcksek de\u011fer"},"content":{"rendered":"

16 Nisan tarihinde\u00a0 ilk Bulgar Anayasas\u0131 olan T\u0131rnovo\u00a0 Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn 135.y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kutluyoruz. B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00fc\u00e7ler\u2019in\u00a0 1878 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalad\u0131klar\u0131\u00a0 Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131 gere\u011fince Rus-T\u00fcrk sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Bulgar topraklar\u0131 bir ka\u00e7 par\u00e7aya b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kuzey\u00a0 Bulgaristan ve Sofya eyaleti\u00a0 Bulgaristan Prensli\u011fine dahil edilir. Stara planina da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 \/Balkan\u2019\u0131n\/ G\u00fcneyindeki topraklar\u00a0 hala\u00a0 Sultan\u2019\u0131n\u00a0 iktidar\u0131nda\u00a0 olan\u00a0 \u00f6zerk\u00a0 Do\u011fu Rumeli\u2019dir. Resmi\u00a0 ad\u0131\u00a0 Bulgar Prensli\u011fin Anayasas\u0131 ile\u00a0 Bulgar parlamento\u00a0 demokrasisinin temeli at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa,\u00a0 vatanda\u015flar\u0131n kamu taraf\u0131ndan onaylanan temel haklar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r. T\u0131rnovo\u00a0 Anayasas\u0131 Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n esas istemine\u00a0 uymaktad\u0131r –\u00a0 Bulgaristan\u00a0 monar\u015fi olacak ve\u00a0 halk\u0131n y\u00f6netime kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131\u00a0 Halk meclisi\u00a0 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile uygulanacak. <\/b><\/p>\n

\"bulgaristan-anasayasi\"<\/a>Bulgar anayasas\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 T\u0131rnovo \u015fehrinde\u00a0 10 \u015eubat 1879 tarihinde\u00a0 olu\u015fturulan\u00a0 Kurucu\u00a0 Meclis \u00fcstleniyor. \u0130lk milletvekilleri \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sava\u015flar\u0131na kat\u0131lanlar, aralar\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da \u00f6nde gelen \u00fcniversite mezunlar\u0131\u00a0 olan ki\u015filer olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00a0 T\u0131rnovo\u00a0 Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 en y\u00fcksek de\u011feri ve temel \u00e7izgisidir. Ve b\u00f6ylece bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck,\u00a0 zaman\u0131n s\u0131nav\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ip \u00a0 Bulgar\u00a0 entel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin ba\u015far\u0131yla ald\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 imtihan oluyor. \u2018 Bunu\u00a0 Veliko T\u0131rnovo\u00a0 \u015fehrinde\u00a0 Kurucu Meclis \u00a0 binas\u0131nda\u00a0 j\u00fcbile dolay\u0131s\u0131yla\u00a0 d\u00fczenlenen bilim konferans\u0131\u00a0 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde\u00a0konu\u015fma yapan Halk Meclisi\u00a0 Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u00a0 Mihail Mikov s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n

\u2018 229 ayd\u0131n Bulgar bir araya gelip\u00a0 birka\u00e7 ay \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde\u00a0 \u00f6zg\u00fcr Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n temellerini atan bir davay\u0131\u00a0 sonuna kadar getiriyorlar. Bu insanlar\u00a0 be\u015f eyaletten gelir \u2013 Varna, Ruse, T\u0131rnovo, Sofya, Vidin. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n modern Avrupa\u00a0 devletlerinin haritas\u0131nda\u00a0 kendi yolunu arayan zaman\u0131nda\u00a0 toplan\u0131yorlar. Berlin Kongresinin ac\u0131s\u0131 ve Bulgar sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu insanlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde\u00a0 bir se\u00e7enek sunar: Prenslik mi\u00a0 kursunlar\u00a0 yoksa\u00a0 Bulgar topraklar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesini mi aras\u0131nlar? Suya d\u00fc\u015fen oturumlar olur, tart\u0131\u015fmalar olur. 2.Aleksand\u0131r- kurtar\u0131c\u0131\u00a0 \u0130mparator bu 229 Bulgar\u2019a devletini\u00a0 kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine g\u00f6re en iyi kurmalar\u0131\u00a0 i\u00e7in\u00a0 tam bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sa\u011flar. \u0130nsanlar T\u0131rnovo Anayasas\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yor\u00a0 ve biliyor. Bunlar\u00a0 bize g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sa\u011flayan\u00a0 nasihat. \u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, miting , oturum ve protesto \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan herkes i\u00e7in ki\u015fisel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, \u2018Apa\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r\u00a0 bizim Kurucu meclisimiz, bizim dedelerimiz\u00a0 ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcym\u00fc\u015f\u2019 dedi\u00a0 konu\u015fmas\u0131nda Halk Meclisi Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u00a0 Mihail Mikov .<\/p>\n

T\u0131rnovo Anayasas\u0131 6\u00a0 Aral\u0131k1947\u00a0 tarihine kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir. Ondan sonra \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n daha \u00fc\u00e7 temel\u00a0 Anayasa kabul edilmi\u015ftir :\u00a0 1947 -1971 y\u0131llar aras\u0131nda totaliter rejim s\u0131ras\u0131nda iki Anayasa\u00a0 ve\u00a0 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden sonra\u00a0 Bulgaristan Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>