{"id":8761,"date":"2014-01-15T00:08:24","date_gmt":"2014-01-14T22:08:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=8761"},"modified":"2019-07-10T18:12:10","modified_gmt":"2019-07-10T16:12:10","slug":"ulkedeki-nufus-krizi-carpici-boyutlara-ulasti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/ulkedeki-nufus-krizi-carpici-boyutlara-ulasti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dclkedeki n\u00fcfus krizi \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 boyutlara ula\u015ft\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan, n\u00fcfusun azalma h\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 1. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yoruz. \u00dclke n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7 karartan bir h\u0131zla eriyor: bizde saat ba\u015f\u0131nda ortalama 8 ki\u015fi, yani g\u00fcnde 192 ki\u015fi ebediyete intikal ediyor. <!--more--><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/insanlar-nufus.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-6669\" alt=\"insanlar-nufus\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/insanlar-nufus-150x150.jpg?resize=150%2C150\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/insanlar-nufus.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/insanlar-nufus.jpg?resize=65%2C65&amp;ssl=1 65w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/insanlar-nufus.jpg?zoom=2&amp;resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Bizden uzak olan 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00fclkede do\u011fan bebeklerin say\u0131s\u0131 182 bin olurken 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda ancak 71 bin do\u011fum ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 rekor k\u0131r\u0131yor, ge\u00e7en y\u0131lda \u00fclkede ancak 61 bin bebek d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Ruse merkezli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct olan N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131 Merkezi uzmanlar\u0131, bu negatif e\u011filimin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn kesilmesi i\u00e7in, Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in insanlar\u0131n ald\u0131klar\u0131 gelirin h\u0131zla artmas\u0131 gerekiyor, devlet taraf\u0131ndan bor\u00e7lar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 pahas\u0131na olsa bile. N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131 Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130skren Veselinov \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGerek devlet borcu, gerekse ba\u015fka bir \u015fekilde olsun gelirlerin artmas\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lmak \u00fczere her y\u0131l 1 ile 2 milyar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen tutarda ek kaynaklar\u0131n celbedilmesi gerekiyor. Gelirlere yat\u0131r\u0131lan her milyar, devlete vergi \u015feklinde 400 milyon leva getiriyor. Yani o kadar da \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bir mebla\u011f s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Ayr\u0131ca emekli ayl\u0131klar\u0131na da h\u0131zla zam getirilmelidir, 4-5 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde emeklilikler ikiye katlanmal\u0131. Asl\u0131nda ekonominin harekete ge\u00e7mesi gerekiyor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc annelere ne kadar \u00fccret verirsek verelim, devlette ekonomik istikrar olmazsa ve \u00e7ocuk ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6denen destek paras\u0131 35 veya 50 leva olursa kad\u0131nlar\u0131m\u0131z, \u00e7ocuk do\u011furmaya hevesli olmayackt\u0131r\u201d diyor N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131 Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ve \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: \u201cBulgaristan\u2019\u0131n sosyal hizmet sistemi bir piramidtir. Bundan 20 sene sonra emeklilik sigortas\u0131 ve sosyal sigorta \u00f6deyecek olan kimse kalmaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc n\u00fcfus ya\u015flan\u0131yor, do\u011fum oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 ise y\u00fcksek olmaya devam ediyor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 5 y\u0131lda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 20 ile 30\u2019u aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ikamet yerini AB\u2019nin refah s\u00fcren bir devleti ile de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bu kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namayan bir facian\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olacak\u201d diyor \u0130skren Veselinov.<\/p>\n<p>Veriler, bundan 20 sene sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma piyasas\u0131na girenlerin y\u00fczde 30\u2019luk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Roman k\u00f6kenli olup tahsil seviyesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 bulunmayan ve sosyal sigorta sistemine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamayan vatanda\u015flardan olu\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131 Merkezi uzman\u0131 prof. Pet\u0131r \u0130vanov\u2019un s\u00f6zlerine g\u00f6re Bulgar toplumunun etnisite yap\u0131s\u0131 konusunun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmeye devam etmesi endi\u015fe vericidir, ki bu Roman vatanda\u015flar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek do\u011fum oran\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sosyal sistemin hortumlanmas\u0131 konusu ile de alakal\u0131d\u0131r. Merkezin verilerine g\u00f6re \u015fu an itibari ile Bulgarlar 4 milyon 700 bin, Romanlar 1 milyon 300 bin, T\u00fcrkler ise 700 -800 bin olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2122738353\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131 Merkezi ve D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan tahminler, bundan 20 y\u0131l sonra Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusunun 5 milyon 900 bine gerileyece\u011fi, Bulgarlar\u0131n 3 milyon 100 bin olaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Romanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 1 milyon 800 bini bulacak, T\u00fcrkler ise 800 bin olacak. Bu ba\u011flamda \u0130skren Veselinov, gelirlerin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde acil \u00f6nlemler al\u0131n\u0131rsa g\u00f6\u00e7 ak\u0131n\u0131 azalacak, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oturup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ise d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, t\u00fcketimin te\u015fvik edilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde paran\u0131n harcanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyor. Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fam standard\u0131 h\u0131zla iyile\u015ftirilmeli. Ek kaynaklar seferber edilmeli. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan bir ekonomi gerekiyor, n\u00fcfus krizinden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu budur\u201d diyor N\u00fcfus Politikas\u0131 Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130skren Veselinov.<\/p>\n<p>BNR<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1598294968\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan, n\u00fcfusun azalma h\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 1. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yoruz. \u00dclke n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7 karartan bir h\u0131zla eriyor: bizde saat ba\u015f\u0131nda ortalama 8 ki\u015fi, yani<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":6669,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-8761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-bulgaristan"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/insanlar-nufus.jpg?fit=300%2C214&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-2hj","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8761"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8761\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}