{"id":8732,"date":"2014-01-14T22:29:28","date_gmt":"2014-01-14T20:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=8732"},"modified":"2019-07-10T18:12:23","modified_gmt":"2019-07-10T16:12:23","slug":"balkanlarda-varolma-mucadelesinde-bati-trakya-turk-basini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/balkanlarda-varolma-mucadelesinde-bati-trakya-turk-basini\/","title":{"rendered":"Balkanlarda varolma m\u00fccadelesinde Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk Bas\u0131n\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri, 24 Temmuz 1923\u2019te imzalanan Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla resmi bir Az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc kazanarak, n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesinde, Bat\u0131 Trakya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkler, \u0130stanbul Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak Yunanistan\u2019da b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0\"Dilek-Adali-Osman\"<\/a>
\nYunanistan\u2019\u0131n kuzey-do\u011fu b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da ya\u015fayan yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 bin T\u00fcrk\u00fcn az\u0131nl\u0131k tarihi de, b\u00f6ylelikle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O tarihten bug\u00fcne kadar da Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da varolma m\u00fccadelesinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc en \u00f6nemli mecralardan biri de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bas\u0131n yay\u0131n alan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Balkan T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6nem bir n\u00fcfus ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e potansiyeline sahip olan \u00a0Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri\u2019nin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bas\u0131n yay\u0131n hayat\u0131, 1923\u2019ten bu yana b\u00fcrokratik baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu sorunlar\u0131; ekonomik, teknik ve az\u0131nl\u0131k olmaktan do\u011fan sorunlar \u015feklinde s\u0131ralayabiliriz. Bat\u0131 Trakyada gazetelerin can damar\u0131n\u0131 aboneler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Reklamc\u0131l\u0131k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmemesi, reklam gelirlerinin de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan resmi ilanlardan yararlanma \u015fans\u0131, 2007\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kan ve medya \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ba\u011fda\u015fmayan s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar getiren bas\u0131n kanununda yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemeler, Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131na zorla\u015ft\u0131rc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Sadece haftal\u0131k yay\u0131nlanan bir gazete (G\u00fcndem gazetesi) resmi ilan ve reklamlar\u0131 yay\u0131nlayabilme gerekliliklerini kar\u015f\u0131layabilmektedir. Teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan, Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 kendi yaz\u0131l\u0131 materyallerini basacak matbuat ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sistemine \u00a0sahip olabilecek imkana ula\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn periodik yay\u0131nlanan gazeteler, Millet gazetesinin de bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na ara verdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan (internet \u00fczerinden yay\u0131n yap\u0131yor) ikiye d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve sadece G\u00fcndem gazetesi haftal\u0131k bas\u0131lmakta ve yine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar taraf\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\nKalifiye eleman \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma konusunda da s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar \u00e7eken Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u2018alayl\u0131\u2019 diye tan\u0131mlanan emektarlar\u0131\/gazete sahipleri, gazetelerinin ayn\u0131 zamanda muhabir, yaz\u0131 i\u015fleri ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ma kadar t\u00fcm sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenmek durumundad\u0131r. \u0130leti\u015fim Fak\u00fcltelerinde e\u011fitim g\u00f6ren \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda bu a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapataca\u011f\u0131 \u00fcmidi var ise de, Yunanistan\u2019in i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r ekonomik kriz, Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fclkelerine olan ciddi beyin g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne sebep oldu\u011funu unutmamak gerekir. T\u00fcm olumsuzluklara ra\u011fmen, Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daima T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir yay\u0131n gelene\u011finin varoldu\u011funu belirtmek gerekir. Yunan \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131, Bulgar \u0130\u015fgali, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131, Askeri Cunta D\u00f6nemi vb. gibi \u00fclkenin i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde dahi, Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri kesintisiz say\u0131labilecek \u015fekilde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131nlara devam etmi\u015ftir.
\nOysa, d\u00f6nem itibariyle Yunanistan\u2019da T\u00fcrklerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 12 Ada ve Rodos\u2019ta, T\u00fcrklere y\u00f6nelik olarak yay\u0131nlanan Selam gazetesinin, 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda 450. say\u0131s\u0131yla yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na son vermek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun, 12 Ada ve Rodos T\u00fcrkleri k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ve dilinin ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131na ve nesilden nesile altar\u0131lmas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir darbe vurdu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatmak gerekir.
\nBat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da ise T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bas\u0131n, t\u00fcm yetersizliklere ra\u011fmen ayakta kalabilmi\u015ftir. Bunda, Anavatanla olan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc duygusal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011f\u0131n ve co\u011frafi yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn harf ink\u0131lab\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmesinin ard\u0131ndan, bu yenili\u011fin etkileri Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da da hemen kendini hissettirmi\u015ftir. Latin as\u0131ll\u0131 T\u00fcrk alfabesini benimseyen Bat\u0131 Trakyal\u0131 ayd\u0131nlar, 1930-32 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yeni harflerle e\u011fitime ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n e\u011fitim konusunda kendisine tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zerklik hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanan Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri, baz\u0131 muhafazakar \u00e7evrelerin direni\u015fine ra\u011fmen, yeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi k\u0131sa zamanda benimsemi\u015flerdir.
\n1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde ya\u015famaya ba\u015flayan T\u00fcrklerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131, ilk d\u00f6nemlerde tamamiyle Osmanl\u0131can\u0131n etkisindedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Selanik\u2019ten sonra 1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ske\u00e7e\u2019de yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na devam eden ve bir sendika gazetesi olan YEN\u0130 Z\u0130YA eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e harflerle yay\u0131nlanmaktad\u0131r.
\nAncak, Anavatan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetinde ya\u015fanan harf ink\u0131lab\u0131n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan, Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da da eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e harflerin yerini yeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7e harfler almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tabi ilk y\u0131llarda, yeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi bilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n az olmas\u0131 sebebiyle, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e latin alfabesinin sadece haber ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda, baz\u0131 k\u0131sa haberlerde, rakamlarda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
\nEski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e harflerin tamamen ortadan kalkmas\u0131 ve k\u0131smen Osmanl\u0131can\u0131n etkisinden kurtulu\u015f 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur. 21 Ekim 1946 tarihinde, 1932\u2019de yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na ge\u00e7en TRAKYA gazetesi tamamiyle yeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7e harfleri kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Trakya gazetesinin dilinde de \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik s\u00f6z konusudur. Daha \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kullan\u0131lmakta, ancak \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz bulunmayan Osmanl\u0131ca kelimeler varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumaktad\u0131r.
\nT\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin en duru ve yal\u0131n haline ge\u00e7i\u015fi ise 1 \u015fubat 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda As\u0131m Halilo\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan G\u00fcm\u00fclcine\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan AKIN gazetesiyle olmu\u015ftur. Y\u0131llar\u0131n ge\u00e7mesiyle birlikte, Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019daki T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan dil de gittik\u00e7e geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Daha ileriki y\u0131llarda, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk dilinin kullan\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcm\u00fclcine\u2019de Salahattin Galip taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na ba\u015flayan Az\u0131nl\u0131k Postas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etmektedir. Az\u0131nl\u0131k Postas\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, AKIN gazetesine g\u00f6re daha yal\u0131n ve daha sade bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7edir.
\nGenelde 1960 sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin hakim oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6\u011fretmen okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitim ald\u0131ktan sonra Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019ya d\u00f6nen \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin de b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.
\nLozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan beri Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da yay\u0131n dili olarak kullan\u0131lan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, T\u00fcrkoloji kriterlerine gore, Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi sahas\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer almakta olup, \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi\u2019nin (a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n) tabii bir uzant\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da istisnai durumlar hari\u00e7 tutulursa, edebi a\u00e7\u0131dan hen\u00fcz yeterince i\u015flenilmemi\u015f, bir noktada na\u00eff \u00f6zellikler arz eden, bununla birlikte temiz bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019den bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.
\nMesela, b\u00f6lgede 89 y\u0131ld\u0131r yay\u0131nlanmakta olan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e gazette ve dergi ar\u015fivlerini tarad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Balkanlar\u2019da di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde sosyalist sistem i\u00e7erisinde yeti\u015fen T\u00fcrk \u015fair, yazar ve gazetecilerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u2018devrik c\u00fcmle\u2019 ve \u2018\u00f6zt\u00fcrk\u00e7ecilik\u2019 gibi yapay ve zaman zaman a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7an uygulamalar\u0131 genelde Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk \u015fair, yazar ve gazetecilerinde g\u00f6remiyoruz. \u00a0 Yine bu noktada, Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk a\u011fz\u0131na ait s\u00f6yleyi\u015flerin Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131na yans\u0131yabildi\u011fini, makul say\u0131labilecek bir oranda da Yunanca kelime ve kavramlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ifadeler aras\u0131nda (bilin\u00e7li yada bilin\u00e7siz) g\u00f6r\u00fclebildi\u011fini eklemek gerekir.
\nSon y\u0131llarda Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinde, a\u011f\u0131z farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinin etkisi yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde hissedilmektedir. Bunda, \u00f6zellikle Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019n\u0131n co\u011frafi bak\u0131mdan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, e\u011fitim ve ziyaret i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye s\u0131k s\u0131k gidilmesi ve tabii ki televizyon ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131nlar\u0131n her eve girmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynamaktad\u0131r.
\nLozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ilk genel se\u00e7imler s\u0131ras\u0131nda Tahsin Ziya Bey ile avukat Hacidakis taraf\u0131ndan \u0130ske\u00e7e\u2019de se\u00e7im gazetesi olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e gazete \u2018Zaman\u2019 dan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze, Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019daki T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131nlar; gazeteler, dergiler, b\u00fcltenler ve kitaplar olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.
\nBug\u00fcn Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri\u2019nin haftal\u0131k yay\u0131nlanan \u00fc\u00e7 gazete, iki haftada bir yay\u0131nlanan bir gazete, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131n yapan d\u00f6rt radyo istasyonu ve ayl\u0131k yay\u0131nlanan \u00fc\u00e7 dergisi ile internet \u00fczerinden yay\u0131n yapan haber portallar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0Son d\u00f6nemlerde Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131na y\u00f6nelik astronomik tazminat talepleriyle a\u00e7\u0131lan ceza davalar\u0131 neticesinde \u0130ske\u00e7e merkezli tek az\u0131nl\u0131k gazetesi olan Millet gazetesi, Haziran 2013 de bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 durdurarak, internet \u00fczerinden yay\u0131na devam etme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece haftal\u0131k yay\u0131nlanan gazete say\u0131s\u0131 ikiye d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ancak geriye kalan bu iki gazeteden biri olan G\u00fcndem de, ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7eyle kapanma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. \u00a0 \u00d6te yandan, 3592\/2007 say\u0131 ve tarihli \u201cMedya Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Temerk\u00fcz ve Lisans Al\u0131m\u0131 ve Di\u011fer H\u00fck\u00fcmler\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yasa, gazete ve radyo sahipleri i\u00e7in yasada belirtilen minimum sermayeye sahip olma ko\u015fulu getirmektedir ki bu, \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli yerel ve b\u00f6lgesel bas\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk Az\u0131nl\u0131k bas\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etki yaratmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n en fakir b\u00f6lgesi olan Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da yay\u0131n yapan gazeteler ve radyo istasyonlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z olan minimum sermaye tutar\u0131 ko\u015fulu nedeni ile bahse konu yasan\u0131n T\u00fcrk Az\u0131nl\u0131k bas\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmelerine fiili olarak neredeyse imk\u00e2n kalmamaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra yasayla, radyolar i\u00e7in yay\u0131n ana dilinin Yunanca olmas\u0131 ko\u015fulu getirilmesi de ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal edici bir uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Merhaba Haber – Dilek Adal\u0131 Osman<\/p><\/div>\n

Reklamlar<\/div>