{"id":804,"date":"2013-04-24T18:32:37","date_gmt":"2013-04-24T15:32:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=804"},"modified":"2019-07-18T23:46:23","modified_gmt":"2019-07-18T21:46:23","slug":"anzac-bir-ingiliz-kolordusunun-adidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/anzac-bir-ingiliz-kolordusunun-adidir\/","title":{"rendered":"ANZAC B\u0130R \u0130NG\u0130L\u0130Z KOLORDUSUNUN ADIDIR"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"anzak\"<\/a>Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da bize alg\u0131lat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ANZAC ne bir ulusun ne de bir etnik grubun ad\u0131d\u0131r. Bir \u0130ngiliz kolordusunun ad\u0131ndaki s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin ba\u015f harflerinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015f bir k\u0131saltmad\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle yaln\u0131zca bir akrosti\u015fdir. \u0130ngilizler, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeleri olan Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda\u2019dan dev\u015firdikleri askerlerden olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 kolorduya Australian and New Zealander Army Corps ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. A-N-Z-A-C bu s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin ba\u015f harflerinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Nas\u0131l t\u00fcretilise t\u00fcretilsin, sonu\u00e7ta bir \u0130ngiliz kolordusunun ad\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer \u0130ngiliz birliklerinden tek fark\u0131 erlerinin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda\u2019l\u0131lar olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Belle\u011fimize ANZAC G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak yerle\u015ftirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan 25 Nisan (1915), yaln\u0131zca bir kolordunun de\u011fil, t\u00fcm \u0130tilaf Devletleri (\u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Rusya, \u0130talya, ABD, Japonya, Kanada, \u0130rlanda, Hindistan, Pakistan) t\u00fcmenlerinin Gelibolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na sald\u0131rd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00c7anakkale Kara Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. O g\u00fcn, ana kuvvetleri \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131z birliklerinden olu\u015fan 70.000 asker, 109 harp gemisi, 308 ta\u015f\u0131t gemisi deste\u011finde Sedd\u00fclbahir ve Ar\u0131burnu\u2019na \u00e7\u0131karma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu g\u00fcn\u00fc yaln\u0131zca bir ANZAC g\u00fcn\u00fcne d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek, tarihi sapt\u0131rma, olay\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme, di\u011fer \u0130tilaf Devletlerini \u00f6zellikle de \u0130ngiltere, Fransa\u2019y\u0131 unutturma gayret ve kurnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7anakkale Kara Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan ANZAC \u00c7\u0131karmas\u0131, 25 Nisan 1915 saat 04.30\u2032da s\u00f6z konusu kolordusunun 1.Tugay\u0131na ait 1500 ki\u015filik kuvvetin Ar\u0131burnu\u2019na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan \u00e7\u0131karmad\u0131r. Ama\u00e7; Sedd\u00fclbahir\u2019de emperyalistlerin esas g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fan 5.Ordumuzu arkadan ku\u015fatarak yok etmektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk \u00e7\u0131kan i\u015fgal birliklerini, k\u0131y\u0131dan 15 metre i\u00e7eride g\u00f6zetleme yapan 27. Alay\u0131n 2.Taburunun 4.B\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (say\u0131lar\u0131 60 ki\u015fi kadard\u0131r) kar\u015f\u0131lar. Ancak 1500 ki\u015filik g\u00fc\u00e7 ve a\u011f\u0131r gemi ate\u015fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dayanamaz. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015fehit olduktan sonra, geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0131karma g\u00fc\u00e7leri h\u0131zla Koca\u00e7imen\u2019e do\u011fru ilerler. Saat 05.00\u2019te 2500 ki\u015filik ikinci bir parti daha karaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Birle\u015fen bu birlikler Kanl\u0131s\u0131rt\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irir. Bu arada i\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin say\u0131s\u0131 10.000\u2019lere ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Saat 9\u2032a do\u011fru, 27. Alay\u0131n iki taburu b\u00f6lgeye intikal eder (say\u0131lar\u0131 2000 ki\u015fi kadard\u0131r). Yarbay Mehmed \u015eefik AKER komutas\u0131ndaki 27. Alay m\u00fcthi\u015f bir sava\u015fa girer ve canlar\u0131 pahas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n ilerlemesini durdurur. Vakit ikindiye yakla\u015f\u0131rken, \u00e7\u0131karma t\u00fcmeninin t\u00fcm\u00fc sahile \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcn batarken, Ar\u0131burnu\u2019nun sarp yama\u00e7 ve tepelerinde yerle\u015fme olana\u011f\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. 27.Alay zor durumdad\u0131r. Olaydan haberdar olan, 19.T\u00fcmen Komutan\u0131 Yarbay Mustafa KEMAL, 57. Alay\u0131 27. Alay\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6ndererek hem 27. Alay\u0131 zor durumdan kurtarm\u0131\u015f hem de i\u015fgalcilerin ilerlemesini durdurmu\u015ftur.
\n27. ve 57. Alaylara daha sonra kat\u0131lan 77. Alay\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kuvvetler kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 ve s\u00fcng\u00fc h\u00fccumlar\u0131 ile i\u015fgalcilere \u00e7ok say\u0131da kay\u0131p verdirtmi\u015f, onlara kritik ve endi\u015feli anlar ya\u015fatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece 25 Nisanda ba\u015flayan \u00e7\u0131karma harekat\u0131n\u0131n ilerleyi\u015fi durmu\u015f, Conkbay\u0131r\u0131-Koca\u00e7imentepe-Kabatepe b\u00f6lgelerinde, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle gece yap\u0131lan s\u00fcng\u00fc h\u00fccumlar\u0131yla, yak\u0131n bo\u011fu\u015fmalar \u015feklinde ve \u00e7ok kanl\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalarla A\u011fustos (1915) ay\u0131na dek s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu s\u00fcrede T\u00fcrkler de, i\u015fgalciler de a\u011f\u0131r kay\u0131plar vermi\u015ftir. T\u0131pk\u0131 Sedd\u00fclbahir\u2019deki di\u011fer i\u015fgalci g\u00fc\u00e7ler gibi, onlar da \u00e7\u0131karma hedeflerine ula\u015famam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131larda 3-4 kilometrelik bir alanda \u00e7ak\u0131l\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sonunda adeta ka\u00e7arak ve gizlice bu topraklar\u0131 terk etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>