{"id":6693,"date":"2013-09-24T23:50:05","date_gmt":"2013-09-24T20:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=6693"},"modified":"2019-07-14T18:48:40","modified_gmt":"2019-07-14T16:48:40","slug":"gagauzlar-dun-bugun-yarin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/gagauzlar-dun-bugun-yarin\/","title":{"rendered":"Gagauzlar: d\u00fcn, bug\u00fcn, yar\u0131n"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
Gagauzlar toplu olarak\u00a0Moldova\u00a0Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin g\u00fcney taraf\u0131nda, Bucak denilen bir arazide, Gagauz Yeri \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Gagauzlar Moldova n\u00fcfusunun %4 \u2018\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 te\u015fkil etmektedirler. Say\u0131lar\u0131 170\u00a0000 civar\u0131nda olan bu halk\u0131n dili Anadolu T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi\u2019ne \u00e7ok yak\u0131nd\u0131r. \"gullu-karanfil\"<\/a>Gagauzlar Hristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ortodoks Mezhebine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Gagauzlar\u0131n tam say\u0131s\u0131 300\u00a0000 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.Yay\u0131lma co\u011frafyas\u0131 geni\u015ftir. Kuzeydo\u011fu\u00a0Bulgaristan’da (30\u00a0000), Romaniya’da (1500),\u00a0Ukrayna’da (35000), Yunanistan\u2019da (30000), Kazakistan’da (1000), Rusya’da( 15000), T\u00fcrkiye’de (15000), Amerika’da ve Brezilya’da\u00a0 da Gagauzlar ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.<\/div>\n
Gagauzlar\u0131n k\u00f6keni<\/strong><\/div>\n
Gagauzlar\u0131n\u00a0 k\u00f6keni ile ilgili \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fmalar oldu ve hala da devam etmektedir. Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n 20\u2019den fazla versiyonu mevcuttur:<\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \u00a011.y\u00fczy\u0131lda\u00a0 Asya’dan \u00a0Balkanlara\u00a0g\u00f6\u00e7 eden,\u00a0Pe\u00e7eneklerle\u00a0ayn\u0131 soydan gelen ve Uz (O\u011fuz) T\u00fcrklerindendir.<\/li>\n
  2. \u00a0Gagauzlar, Osmanl\u0131 devrinde asimile edilmi\u015f Bulgarlard\u0131r;<\/li>\n
  3. Gagauzlar, 13 y\u00fczy\u0131lda Dobruca’ya\u00a0 yerle\u015fen Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n torunlar\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li>\n
  4. Gagauzlar, VII yy. \u0130dil deresinin k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan Baklanlar\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 eden T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli XI yy. Da H\u0131r\u0131stiyanl\u0131k\u2019\u0131 kabul eden Protobulgarlard\u0131r vb.\u00a0 iddialar ortaya konmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u00a0Yabanc\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler\u00a0 kendilerine uygun bir tarih yaratt\u0131. Asl\u0131nda\u00a0 Gagauz dilinin, folklorunun, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn, y\u00fcz yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n vs. incelenmesi\u00a0 Gagauzlar\u0131n\u00a0 T\u00fcrk olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
    9. yy. \u0130dil b\u00f6lgelerinden g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Gagauzlar\u0131n dedeleri Balkan yar\u0131madas\u0131na yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve 18. yy\u2019a kadar orada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Baz\u0131 bilgilerde Gagauzlar\u0131n 1365 y\u0131l\u0131nda Dobruca\u2019da bir devlet kurduklar\u0131 yaz\u0131yor (1, s.639-668). Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli tarih\u00e7iler farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerler. \u0130slam dinini tebli\u011f eden Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Gagauzlar kendi adetlerini ve dinini korumu\u015flard\u0131r. O zamanlar Gagauzlar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 kah Bulgar dilinde, kah Yunan dilinde e\u011fitim ald\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Malesef, Osmanl\u0131 devrinde ya\u015fayan Gagauzlar i\u00e7in bilgiler olduk\u00e7a azd\u0131r. B\u00f6lge halklar\u0131n\u0131n etkisine d\u00fc\u015fen Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti k\u00f6t\u00fc imaj b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Gagauz folklor \u00f6rneklerinde de Osmanl\u0131 bazen kurtar\u0131c\u0131, bazen de d\u00fc\u015fmand\u0131r.<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar`\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ve \u201celden ele ge\u00e7meleri \u201d<\/strong><\/div>\n
    Baz\u0131 kaynaklar Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Osmanl\u0131 Devletinden ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerken baz\u0131lar\u0131 da Rus-T\u00fcrk sava\u015flar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Balkanlar\u2019\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131yorlar. (2, 119).\u00a0 Basarabiya\u2019ya ilk g\u00f6\u00e7ler 1780 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve\u00a0 1812 ye kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. \u015eimdiki Moldova arazisine yerle\u015fen Gagauzlar\u2019a arazi sahipleri\u00a0 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fletmek i\u00e7in vermi\u015ftir. Lakin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 seven T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 bask\u0131ya dayanamay\u0131p o toprak sahiplerinden ka\u00e7arak, bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc Gagauzya topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015firler. Bug\u00fcn de Dizgince, Kazayak, Be\u015falma, Kopkuy, Avdarma, \u00c7e\u015fmek\u00f6y(\u00e7e\u015fmek\u00fc\u00fc), Ba\u015fk\u00f6y(ba\u015fk\u00fc\u00fc), Tomay, \u00c7ad\u0131r, Haydar vb. k\u00f6y ve kasabalarda ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.Zorluklar i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan \u00e7ileke\u015f bu halk\u0131n zengin insanlar\u0131 da yok de\u011fildir.1812 de B\u00fckre\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu Bo\u011fdan Beyli\u011fi (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Moldova) Rus \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa verilmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n aras\u0131nda e\u011fitimli insan az olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ayd\u0131n insanlar her zaman bulunmu\u015ftur. O zamanlar Gagauzlar\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 devletinde de oldu\u011fu gibi dini e\u011fitim\u00a0 yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Gagauzlar\u2019da da dini mektepler din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirirlerdi. Bunun yan\u0131nda\u00a0 milli kimlikte de kendilerini duyurmaktayd\u0131lar. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan biri de Mihail\u00a0 \u00c7ak\u0131r`d\u0131 (1861-1938). Bu din adam\u0131 Rus\u00e7a,Romence,Gagauzca\u00a0 bilir ve Rus \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun politikalar\u0131 ile de ilgilenirdi.<\/div>\n
    Daha sonra M. \u00c7ak\u0131r dil problemini kald\u0131r\u0131r, Gagauz ve Moldovanlar\u2019\u0131n kendi dillerinde e\u011fitim almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Rusya y\u00f6netimine ba\u015f vurur.\u00a0 Her iki halk i\u00e7in ders kitaplar\u0131 ve s\u00f6zl\u00fckler haz\u0131rlar.\u00a0 1907\u00a0 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gagauz dilinde\u00a0 din i\u00e7erikli ilk gazeteyi bast\u0131r\u0131r, dualar\u0131 Gagauz diline \u00e7evirir.<\/div>\n
    1909-1910 y\u0131llar\u0131na ge\u00e7imsizlikten dolay\u0131 bir grup Gagauz Akt\u00fcbinsk (Kazakistan)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 b\u00f6lgelerine\u00a0 g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00a0Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n politikalar\u0131na raz\u0131 olmayan Gagauzlar 6 Ocak 1906 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atmaca Pavlio\u011flu ve Andrey Galatsan liderli\u011finde Rus devletine kar\u015f\u0131 isyan haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar ve Komrat Cumhuriyeti\u2019ni ilan ettiler. Ba\u015fka yerden yard\u0131m gelmeyince 15 g\u00fcn sonra \u00c7arl\u0131k kuvvetleri bu devlete son verdi. 1917 de Gagauzlar bir isyan daha \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar. 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Moldova\u00a0 Gagauzlar\u2019la birlikte Romanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakimiyetine ge\u00e7ti. Burada da Gagauzlar s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015f, Gagauzca konu\u015fmak yasak edilmi\u015f, okullarda Gagauz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na zorla Romance \u00f6\u011fretilmi\u015fti.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti ve Gagauzlar<\/strong><\/div>\n
    1930\u2019lu\u00a0 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrkleri ile\u00a0 100 y\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcren bir kopukluktan sonra Gagauzlar yeniden T\u00fcrkler\u2019le kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlar. 1931`de Romanya`n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti B\u00fckre\u015f`e el\u00e7i olarak atanan Hamdullah Subhi Tanr\u0131\u00f6ver Gagauz T\u00fcrkleri ile yak\u0131ndan ilgilenmi\u015f, Gagauzlar\u0131 ve\u00a0 ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerleri defalarca ziyaret etmi\u015ftir.Bu y\u0131llarda 100 civar\u0131nda Gagauz gencinin T\u00fcrkiye`de okumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6lgeye T\u00fcrkiye`den ders kitaplar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmenleri g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. (3, 31-51).<\/div>\n
    O T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmenler\u00a0 ya\u015fl\u0131 Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n haf\u0131zalar\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f ve Gagauz edebiyat\u0131na da aksetmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmenler Komrat`ta halk edebiyat\u0131 metinleri toplam\u0131\u015f ve\u00a0 1938 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cVarl\u0131k\u201d dergisinde yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.\u00a0 Hamdullah Suphi Tanr\u0131\u00f6ver g\u00f6revde oldu\u011fu zaman Gagauzlar\u2019la ilgili bilgileri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6nderi Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk`e iletiyordu. Atat\u00fcrk`\u00fcn Gagauz ayd\u0131n\u0131 Mihail \u00c7ak\u0131r`dan haberi vard\u0131 ve\u00a0 hatta kendisinin kitab\u0131 da Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde mevcuttur. (4, 143-148).\u00a0 Sayfalar\u0131n kenar\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli notlar, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn bu kitab\u0131 okudu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n Romanya devletinde asimile olmalar\u0131ndan \u00e7ekinen Hamdullah Suphi Tanr\u0131\u00f6ver , \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn de onay\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p, Romanya\u2019dan getirtece\u011fi Gagauz T\u00fcrkleri\u2019nin Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ne yerle\u015ftirilmesini planl\u0131yordu. E\u011fer \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmasayd\u0131, Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc belki de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmi\u015f olacakt\u0131. Fakat \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Besarabya 1940\u2019da Almanlar taraf\u0131ndan , Dobruca da 1944\u2019de K\u0131z\u0131lordu Birlikleri taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece Tanr\u0131\u00f6ver\u2019in b\u00fct\u00fcn hayalleri y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (3, 39).<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar i\u00e7in ilk bilgiler<\/strong>.<\/div>\n
    \u0130lk defa Gagauz kelimesi 1817 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rusya n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131ndaki belgelerde kay\u0131t edilmi\u015ftir. Rus\u00a0 ordusu generali Valentin Mo\u015fkov (1893 – 1903),\u00a0 Besarabya Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n\u0131n dili ve\u00a0 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile ilgilenmi\u015f ve sonu\u00e7ta \u201cGagauz\u0131 benderskogo uyezda\u201d (5) ve Vilgelm Radlovun redaktesi alt\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0442\u044e\u0440\u043a\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u00bb adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Daha sonra Bulgar ordusunun subay\u0131 Bulgar k\u00f6kenli\u00a0 Atanas\u00a0 Manov Bulgaristan Gagauzlar\u0131 ile ilgilenmi\u015f(1920-1938) ve onu me\u015fhur eden\u00a0 \u00ab\u041f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u00bb (Gagauz men\u015feyi, adetleri ve huylar\u0131) kitab\u0131n\u0131 1938 de yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara\u2019da bu kitap T\u00fcrker Acaro\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan Gagauzlar (H\u0131ristiyan T\u00fcrkler) diye\u00a0 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evirilmi\u015f ve yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
    1928 de Stoyan Cans\u0131zov \u201cBalkan \u015eib-i Ceziresinde T\u00fcrkler\u201d kitab\u0131nda Gagauzlar\u2019dan bahsetmi\u015ftir. (6, 17). Bir Gagauz olarak Gagauzlar i\u00e7in ilk haberleri din adam\u0131 Mihail \u00c7ak\u0131r\u00a0 vermi\u015ftir(7).<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar Ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi (1940-1991)<\/strong><\/div>\n
    1940 y\u0131l\u0131nda Molotov-Ribentrop antla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Moldova Gagauzlar\u2019la birlikte Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ne girdi. O y\u0131llarda rejime uyum g\u00f6stermeyenler i\u00e7in ilk s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0 1941 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan sava\u015f,\u00a0 Romanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda zorluk ve yoksulluk \u00e7eken Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131 biraz daha zay\u0131flatt\u0131. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Romanya ordusunda Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015ft\u0131, 1944 te de Rus ordusunda Almanya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015ft\u0131. Sava\u015ftan toparlanamayan halk 1946-1947 y\u0131llar\u0131nda\u00a0 kurakl\u0131k ve y\u00f6neticilerin\u00a0 politikas\u0131 sonucunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir a\u00e7l\u0131k s\u00fcreci ge\u00e7irdi. Halk\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te biri a\u00e7l\u0131k ve hastal\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/div>\n
    Sava\u015ftan sonra kolektivizasyon (kolhoz) ba\u015flatan Sovyetler Birli\u011fi uyum sa\u011flamayan \u201czenginleri\u201d 1949 da daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderdi. Ruslar Sebebini s\u00f6ylemeden bir gecede\u00a0 y\u00fck trenlerinde binlerce Gagauz ailesini iklimi sert olan yerlere; Sibirya\u2019ya, Kazakistan\u2019a, Altaylar\u2019a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etti. Bunlar\u0131n g\u00fcnahlar\u0131 \u201czengin\u201d olmalar\u0131yd\u0131. Zenginlik iki-\u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015f inek, 5-6\u00a0 ba\u015f koyun, biraz da toprakt\u0131. Bucak`\u0131 \u201ctemizledikten\u201d sonra yeni Stalin ideolojisinin temeli yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Stalin\u2019in eli ile s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015f Gagauzlar\u2019a bile Stalin\u2019i sevdirdiler. Sava\u015ftan sonra yoksulluk ve cahillik i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan, \u00e7o\u011funlukla Rus\u00e7a\u2019y\u0131 bilmeyen Gagauzlar\u2019a Rusya\u2019dan \u00f6\u011fretmenler ve di\u011fer bilim dallar\u0131nda\u00a0 uzmanlar g\u00f6nderildi. B\u00f6ylece Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7inde Rus\u00e7a\u00a0 yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve bununla kalmayarak resmi yerlerde, okullarda vb. yerlerde Gagauzca yasak edildi. Gagauzlar kendi Gagauzluklar\u2019\u0131ndan utanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Hala da bu duruma Gagauzya\u2019da az da olsa rastlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
    1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda Moskova \u0130limler Akademisi\u2019nde Gagauzca\u00a0 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya\u00a0 ba\u015fland\u0131. 1957 de Gagauzca\u2019ya Kiril alfabesi\u00a0 resmiyeti verildi. 1957 ye kadar Gagauzlar hi\u00e7 bir\u015fey yazmad\u0131 m\u0131? Yazd\u0131 elbet, ama bulunduklar\u0131 devletin alfabesi ile yazd\u0131lar. Rusya hakimiyetindeyken eski Slav, Romanya hakimiyetinde ise Romen harfleri ile yazd\u0131lar. Gagauzcada bulunan \u00f6zel seslerin o dillerde olmamas\u0131 okunu\u015fta zorluk \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yordu.<\/div>\n
    Yeni resmi yaz\u0131da \u00f6zel sesler vard\u0131. Bunlar 1959 da Basarabiyada ilk Gagauzca \u015fiir ve halk yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerini i\u00e7eren \u201cBucaktan sesler\u201d adl\u0131 bir kitapta yay\u0131nland\u0131.B\u00f6ylece ilk Gagauz yazarlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: Nikolay Tanaso\u011flu (1995-1970), Dionis Tanaso\u011flu (1922-2006), Nikolay Babo\u011flu (1928-2008), Dimitri Kara\u00e7oban (1933- 1986) ve di\u011ferleri. Sovyet devrinde \u00e7\u0131kan yazarlar\u0131n\u00a0 eserleri aras\u0131nda Lenin\u2019i, Kominist Partisin\u2019i, g\u00fczel ya\u015famay\u0131 \u00f6ven \u015fiirler olmasa kitaplar\u0131n bas\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi.<\/div>\n
    1959 da Gagauz k\u00f6y ve kasaba okullar\u0131 Gagauzca \u00f6\u011frenimine ge\u00e7ti. Ama bu ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci ancak 2,5 y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc. 1961 de Gagauzca e\u011fitim yasak edildi ve bununla beraber,\u00a0 Gagauzca\u2019y\u0131 ders olarak da m\u00fcfredattan\u00a0 kald\u0131rd\u0131lar. Ve Gagauzca bitti. Kre\u015flerde bile Gagauz dili yasak edildi. Sadece 4-5 y\u0131lda Gagauzca bir \u015fiir kitab\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu. Yarat\u0131c\u0131 Gagauz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 6-7 ki\u015fiydi. Ayd\u0131nlar vard\u0131, ama aktif de\u011fillerdi. Ba\u015fka yerde ya\u015fayan Gagauzlarla ve T\u00fcrklerle ba\u011flant\u0131 tamamen kopmu\u015ftu. Sovyetlerin par\u00e7ala, b\u00f6l ve y\u00f6net\u00a0 politikas\u0131 kendi i\u015fini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrkler`e kar\u015f\u0131 nefret a\u015f\u0131layan Sovyetler politikas\u0131 \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131. \u00d6yle ki buradaki Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye`de, Azerbaycan`da, K\u0131r\u0131m`da ya\u015fayan hem dil, hem de k\u00fclt\u00fcr bak\u0131m\u0131ndan onlara \u00e7ok yak\u0131n olan di\u011fer Gagauzlar\u2019dan haberleri bile yoktu.\u00a0 Sovyet Birli\u011fi\u2019nde oldu\u011fundan Ukrayna ve Moldova aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r yoktu. Bununla beraber Ukrayna Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n ayn\u0131 devlette ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belli etmiyordu.<\/div>\n
    1986 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gagauz okullar\u0131nda Gagauz dili ve edebiyat\u0131 dersi verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Yeni bir millet\u00e7ilik ruhu esmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 1987 de Gagauz Halk\u0131 Toplulu\u011fu faaliyete ba\u015flad\u0131, mitingler ve toplant\u0131lar yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ama resmi yerlerde Rus\u00e7a kullan\u0131l\u0131yor ve ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda bile; mitinglerde, toplant\u0131larda Gagauzca konu\u015fan k\u0131nan\u0131yordu. Bu da Sovyet sisteminin i\u015flevselli\u011finin g\u00f6stergesiydi. Bu toplulu\u011fun liderleri tarih\u00e7i, yazar Stepan Bulgar, ressam Dimitri Savastin, m\u00fchendis Andrey B\u0131y\u0131kl\u0131\u2019yd\u0131. Bu halk hereketinin y\u00f6nlendirilmesiyle 12 Kas\u0131m 1989\u2019da \u00d6zerklik Bildirisi ilan edildi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Moldova\u2019da da baz\u0131\u00a0 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler meydana geldi. Bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ortamdan \u00e7\u0131kan Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zerklik bildirgesi \u00fclkenin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehdit etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle reddedildi. Ve buna ra\u011fmen, 20 A\u011fustos 1990\u2019da Gagauz Cumhuriyeti ilan edildi ve ba\u015f\u0131na Stepan Topal geldi. Bu durum Moldova\u2019y\u0131 \u00e7ok rahats\u0131z etti. Ba\u015fbakan Mir\u00e7a Druk y\u00f6netiminde Moldova Halk Cephesi \u00f6nc\u00fcleri bu geli\u015fmeleri durdurmak i\u00e7in Komrata y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Sovyet askerleri b\u00f6lgeye m\u00fcdahele ederek\u00a0 facian\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ti. Daha sonra 27 A\u011fustos 1991\u2019de Moldova kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti.11 \u015eubat\u00a0 1991\u2019de, Komrat\u2019ta\u00a0 Gagauzya\u2019n\u0131n ilk ve tek\u00a0 \u00fcniversitesi a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131: Gagauz Devlet \u00dcniversitesi. Daha sonra bu \u00fcniversite Komrat Devlet \u00dcniversitesi ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. Bu \u00fcniversitenin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 da bir devrim\u00a0 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Moldova bunu istemedi. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n liderlerinden biri olan Leonid Dobrov a\u00e7l\u0131k grevleri yaparak, \u00e7e\u015fitli mitingler organize etti ve \u00fcniversitenin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Daha sonra Moldova taraf\u0131ndan kabul edildi. Ben de bu yenili\u011fin \u015fahidiydim, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ilk 72 \u00f6\u011frencinin aras\u0131nda ben de vard\u0131m. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n Moldova \u00fcniversitelerini kazanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok zordu ve \u00fcniversite bitiren Gagauz azd\u0131. Bu y\u0131llarda SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile birlikte demirperde da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131 ve yeniden Gagauzlar T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrkleri\u2019yle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 elde ettiler.<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar<\/strong>\u00a0ve Gagauz Yeri \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi<\/strong>.<\/div>\n
    Mir\u00e7a Snegur d\u00f6neminde,\u00a0 23 Aral\u0131k 1994`de Gagauz \u00d6zerk b\u00f6lgesi (Gagauz Yeri) tan\u0131n\u0131r. Gagauz Yeri\u2019nin y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc 1850 km2 idi. Gagauz parlamentosu da Halk Toplumu ad\u0131 ile tan\u0131nd\u0131. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n iki bayra\u011f\u0131 oldu: \u0130lki\u00a0 mavinin \u00fczerinde bozkurt kafas\u0131, etraf\u0131nda da alt\u0131n renkli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck horoz fig\u00fcrleriydi (ilk defa 29 ekim 1989te dalgaland\u0131). \u0130kincisi ise\u00a0 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bayrakt\u0131r. 1995 te b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 mavi sonra beyaz ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renklerden olu\u015fmu\u015f ve sa\u011f taraf\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 alt\u0131n renkli y\u0131ld\u0131z vard\u0131r. Gagauzya\u2019y\u0131 y\u00f6neten ki\u015fi Ba\u015fkand\u0131r, ayn\u0131 zamanda Moldova h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00fcyesidir. Gagauzya n\u00fcfusunun %80\u2019nini Gagauzlar, %7\u2019sini Ruslar,\u00a0 %4\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 Moldovanlar, %9\u2019unu\u00a0 da Bulgarlar ve Ukraynal\u0131lar te\u015fkil etmektedir.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Dil<\/strong><\/div>\n
    Resmi dil olarak \u00fc\u00e7 dil vard\u0131r: birincisi – devlet dili (Moldovanca veya Romence, kendileri hala karar verememi\u015fler, onun i\u00e7in devlet dili kelimesi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.), ikinci dil\u00a0 Gagauzca ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dil Rus\u00e7a. Ama asl\u0131nda her\u015fey tersine oldu. Resmi yerlerde kullan\u0131lan dil Rus\u00e7a\u2019d\u0131r. Konserler, afi\u015fler, reklamlar, okullarda ve kre\u015flerde hep Rus\u00e7a kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Son iki-\u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda Gagauzca g\u00fcndeme girdi. Bu da Gagauz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n diretmesi sonucunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Ama buna ra\u011fmen Gagauzca e\u011fitim veren okul hala yok.Gagauz dili k\u00f6ylerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kasabalarda da (Komrat, \u00c7ad\u0131r, Valkane\u015f) dil b\u00fcy\u00fckler taraf\u0131ndan konu\u015fulmaktayken gen\u00e7 nesil taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lamayacak durumdad\u0131r. Gagauzca\u00a0 Bulgar, Romen ve Rus dillerinden etkilenmi\u015f ve baz\u0131 kelimeler ve c\u00fcmle yap\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler mevcuttur. Dil okullarda ders olarak haftada 3 defa verilmektedir. 2009 da Gagauz dilini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc koruyan ve ilerleten \u201cMeras\u201d Toplulu\u011fu kuruldu ve dili \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinliklerde yaymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Gagauz dilinde iki dergi \u201cGagauz dili hem literaturas\u0131\u201d, \u201cSabaa y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131\u201d ve iki gazete \u201cAna s\u00f6z\u00fc\u201d ve \u201cGagauzlar\u201d yay\u0131nlan\u0131yor. \u015eiir kitaplar\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Bir de Gagauz yazarlar birli\u011fi var. Baz\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f \u015fair ve yazarlar\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 verelim: Petri \u00c7ebotar, Todur Marino\u011flu, Petri Moyse, Olga Radova, Tudorka Arnaut, Stepan Bulgar, G\u00fcll\u00fc Karanfil,\u00a0 Mercanka, Vasilisa Tukan, Vasi Filioglu, T. Zanet, Katerina Ganeva, L\u00e4nka (Mokanu).Gagauzya\u2019da Gagauzca\u00a0 yay\u0131n yapan Gagauz Radio\u00a0\u00a0 Televizyonu var.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat.<\/strong><\/div>\n
    \u00dc\u00e7 kasabada \u00fc\u00e7 musiki okulu vard\u0131r. Buraya normal okuldan sonra \u00e7ocuklar gelir ve se\u00e7ti\u011fi m\u00fczik aletiyle \u00e7almay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenirler.Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n 2 tiyatrosu, birka\u00e7 m\u00fczik ekibi var \u201cKad\u0131nca\u201d, \u201cD\u00fcz ava\u201d, \u201cSerin su\u201d, \u201cKaranfil\u201d, \u201c\u00c7ay\u0131r\u201d . Bu ekipler dafalarca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye, Amerika\u2019ya, Bulgaristan\u2019a, Romanya\u2019ya gittiler ve Gagauzlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tt\u0131lar. Gagauzya\u2019da 3 opera sanat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 da mevcuttur.Gagauzya\u2019da 3 tane \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in resim okulu vard\u0131r. Komratta Ressamlar birli\u011fi mevcuttur. \u00d6nemli ressamlar: Dimitri Savastin, Petri Fazl\u0131, Dimitri Ayo\u011flu, Mihail Arabac\u0131, Olga Unguryanu, Sergey Savastin, Praskoviya Bejenar.\u00a0 Su kaba\u011f\u0131 (Susak) \u00fczerinde yakmalarla me\u015fhur olan Petri Vlah\u0131n\u2019\u0131n da Gagauz ince sanat\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck yeri vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar\u0131n yortular\u0131 (bayramlar\u0131).<\/strong><\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar\u0131n takvim y\u0131l\u0131 ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: Bunlar yaz ve k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaz\u0131n Hederles (H\u0131d\u0131rellez) (6 may\u0131s) g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015flar, ve o g\u00fcnden itibaren koyunlar \u00e7obana verilir. \u015eenlikler yap\u0131l\u0131r,\u00a0 kurban kesilir. K\u0131\u015f (7 Kas\u0131m) Kas\u0131m yortusunda ba\u015flar.\u00a0 Koyunlar otlat\u0131lmaz, tarla i\u015fleri biter, \u015fenlikler yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu bayramlar Moldova\u2019da olmayan \u00f6z bayramlard\u0131r. Buradan Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa nas\u0131l ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 belli oluyor.<\/div>\n
    Ba\u015fka \u00f6zel bayramlar da mevcuttur: Canavar yortusu, K\u0131rk me\u00e7ik, dini bayramlardan Paskalya. Bu yortularda (bayramlarda) ev i\u015fleri yap\u0131lmaz. \u0130\u015f yapan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fey gelece\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0 Baz\u0131 dini\u00a0 bayramlarda sokakta ate\u015f yak\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00fczerinden atlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar\u2019da halk hekimli\u011fi<\/strong><\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar\u2019da korku, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, bo\u011faz \u015fi\u015fkinli\u011fi, arpac\u0131k, \u00e7\u0131ban gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in dua okumak me\u015fhurdur. Her\u00a0 k\u00f6yde tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir ka\u00e7 nineye rastlan\u0131r. Kilise bu t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015feyleri sevmese de halk okumaya inan\u0131r ve hatta hayvan (\u00f6zellikle kuzu) hastaland\u0131ysa onu da okuturlar. Bu okumalarda \u015eamanl\u0131k \u00f6zellikleri\u00a0 hissedilmektedir.<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlarda H\u0131ristiyanlardan farkl\u0131 olarak kurban kesilir. K\u00f6y kurban\u0131 ve aile kurban\u0131 vard\u0131r. Aile kurban\u0131n\u0131 papaz keserken hangi dini bayrama d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yler. K\u00f6y kurban\u0131nda (Kilisenin kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcn) ise kilisenin avlusunda ko\u00e7lar kesilir, orada yemekler pi\u015firilir,\u00a0 yenir ve daha sonra \u015fenlikler yap\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00fcre\u015f, dire\u011fe \u00e7\u0131kma gibi yar\u0131\u015flar yap\u0131l\u0131r, futbol\u00a0 oynan\u0131r. Kurbanl\u0131k ko\u00e7a Allahl\u0131k derler, onu \u00f6zel beslerler, vurmazlar. Kesilen g\u00fcn boynuzuna k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015fal ba\u011flarlar, ve musiki sedalar\u0131 alt\u0131nda keserler (korkmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in musiki s\u00f6ylenir). Kurban eti b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck sinilerde bulgurla beraber pi\u015firilir ve kom\u015fulara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Yak\u0131n akrabalar eve gelir, sofra kurulur.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Tar\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/div>\n
    Gagauzya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc ve tabii ki \u015farab\u0131 me\u015fhur. En tatl\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcm Moldova\u2019n\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgesinde yeti\u015fir. Meyve ba\u011flar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, m\u0131s\u0131r ve bu\u011fday da s\u0131k ekilen ekinlerin aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Ac\u0131 sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/div>\n
    Bu k\u0131sm\u0131 elbet daha g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde bitirmek isterdim, ama b\u00f6yle oldu.<\/div>\n
    Gagauzlar y\u00fczy\u0131llarca Slav ve Romen halklar\u0131yla beraber ya\u015famas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, dilini, dinini, adetlerini koruyan ve ya\u015fatan bir halkt\u0131r. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n aras\u0131nda\u00a0 Yunanlar ve Bulgarlar kendi politikalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyorlar. \u015e\u00f6yle ki, Komrat Devlet \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde isteyenler i\u00e7in Yunan merkezinde paras\u0131z\u00a0 dil dersleri veriliyor, Yunanistan\u2019a paras\u0131z geziler yap\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00dcniversitede ne T\u00fcrk dili kursu, ne de Azerbaycan dili kursu verilmiyor. B\u00f6yle kurs tekliflerleriyle\u00a0 defalarca ba\u015fvurdu\u011fumuz halde bir sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Asl\u0131nda kurs veren ve geziler d\u00fczenleyen T\u00fcrkiye, Azerbaycan ve ba\u015fka T\u00fcrk devletleri olmal\u0131. Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131 kazanmak i\u00e7in bunlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/div>\n
    Bu Yunan politikas\u0131n\u0131n sayesinde Gagauz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde biz T\u00fcrkle\u015fmi\u015f Yunanlar\u0131z diyenler var art\u0131k.\u00a0 Yunanistan\u2019da ya\u015fayan Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 az de\u011fildir. Lakin Gagauzca\u2019y\u0131 ancak 60 ya\u015f\u0131ndan yukar\u0131 insanlar\u00a0 konu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Gen\u00e7ler art\u0131k dili ve hatta Gagauz olduklar\u0131n\u0131 da bilmiyorlar. Yunanistan politikas\u0131 T\u00fcrkler\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 nefreti a\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015f ve oran\u0131n Gagauzlar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrkleri\u2019nden nefret ediyorlar, biz T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmi\u015f Yunanlar\u0131z diyorlar.<\/div>\n
    Gagauzya\u2019da i\u015fsizlik te etkili. Gagauz gen\u00e7leri \u00fcniversiteleri bitirdikten sonra, i\u015f bulamay\u0131nca ba\u015fka devletlere gitmek zorunda kal\u0131yorlar. Kad\u0131nlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye, erkekler ise Rusya\u2019ya gitmeyi tercih etmektedirler. T\u00fcrkiyede vize 1 ayl\u0131k oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, insanlar ka\u00e7ak olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar ve 6 ay sonra eve d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck cezalar \u00f6demek zorunda kal\u0131yorlar.<\/div>\n
    Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne giren Bulgaristan ve Romanya Gagauzlar\u2019a vatanda\u015fl\u0131k veriyor. Ba\u015fka devletlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Gagauzlar\u2019\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda\u00a0 Bulgaristan vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 var. Onunla T\u00fcrkiyede daha rahat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmekteler. Bulgaristan\u0131n T\u00fcrkler\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 politikas\u0131 da malum. Oran\u0131n Gagauzlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n say\u0131 tam olarak belli de\u011fil. Onlara orada \u201cgelmele\u201d diyorlar. Ve Gagauzlar Gagauz olduklar\u0131n\u0131 sakl\u0131yorlar, utan\u0131yorlar. Varna Gagauz \u015fehri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen orada Gagauzum diyene rastlayamazs\u0131n\u0131z. 60 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde, k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015fayan Gagauzlar dili kullan\u0131yorlar ama onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve torunlar\u0131 Gagauzca\u2019y\u0131 kullanamaz durumdalar. Ve hatta Gagauz olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bile bilmiyorlar. \u201cBiz Gagauzuz ama biz bulgar\u0131z\u201d diyorlar.<\/div>\n
    \u00a0Rusya da bo\u015f topraklar\u0131n\u0131 doldurmak i\u00e7in Gagauzlar\u2019a i\u015f, ev ve vatanda\u015fl\u0131k veriyor.\u00a0 Gen\u00e7lerin \u00e7o\u011fu Moldova\u2019y\u0131 terk edip Rusya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131nda ya\u015famay\u0131 tercih ediyorlar. Bu vatanda\u015fl\u0131klar hepsi kanuni yollarla devletler taraf\u0131ndan veriliyor. \u0130yi ki Ruslar \u201cGagauzlar Rus\u2019tur\u201d demiyor. Ama Rusyada do\u011fan Gagauz \u00e7ocu\u011fun Gagauzca\u2019y\u0131 bilmeyece\u011fi a\u015fikard\u0131r. Gagauz \u015fehirlerinden giden gen\u00e7ler dili zaten bilmiyorlar ve biraz bilseler de kullanm\u0131yorlar. Rusya\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerin \u00e7o\u011fu \u015fehirlerdendir. Burada, ke\u015fke Atat\u00fcrk bizi Marmara b\u00f6lgesine yerle\u015ftire bilseydi fikiri akl\u0131mdan ge\u00e7er.<\/div>\n
    Bu pasif notlara bakmayarak, Gagauzya\u2019y\u0131 seven milliyet\u00e7i Gagauzlar var ve para olduk\u00e7a Gagauz dilinin, Gagauzluk\u2019un ya\u015famas\u0131 ve geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapmaktad\u0131rlar. Gagauzlar yer y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kaybolmas\u0131n diye; Gagauzlar ve T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 dile ve k\u00fclt\u00fcre \u00f6nem vermelidir. Yap\u0131lacak \u00e7ok i\u015f var.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
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        \n
      1. 1. Paul Wittek. Yazidjioghlu Ali on the Hristian Turks of the Dobruja. Bulletin of the Shcool of Oriental and African Studies, c. IV? London? 1952.<\/li>\n
      2. 2. Onofrey A. Tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te Gagauz T\u00fcrkleri, Hikmet dergisi, Gostivaria-Makedoniya, mayis, 2008.<\/li>\n
      3. 3. Yonca Anzerlio\u011flu. B\u00fckre\u015f B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Hamdullah\u00a0 Suphi ve Gagauz T\u00fcrkleri. Bilig, G\u00fcz \/ 2006, say\u0131 39<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
            \n
          1. 4. G\u00f6n\u00fcl Ayan. Atat\u00fcrk\u00fcn hizmetlerinde dolay\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck Gagauz kimli\u011fi Mihail \u00c7ak\u0131r. \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0424\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 33, \u0447\u0430\u0441. 1 \u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432, 2009.<\/li>\n
          2. 5. \u201cGagauz\u0131 benderskogo uyezda\u201d (5) \u0413\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0443\u0437\u044b \u0431\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430. (\u042d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b), \u041c. 1901, \u0438 \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0432, Tipogr. Central\u01ce, 2004.\u00a0\u2014 550 \u0441<\/li>\n
          3. 6. Stoyan Cans\u0131zov \u201cBalkan \u015eib-i Ceziresinde T\u00fcrkler\u201d Tarih-i Osmani Encumeni mecmuas\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1928<\/li>\n
          4. 7. M. \u00c7akir. Besarabiyal\u0131 Gagauzlar\u0131n \u0130storiyas\u0131, Ki\u015fnev, 1934, Gagauzlar: \u0130storiya, adetl\u00e4r dil hem din, Ki\u015finev, 2007).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
            G\u00fcll\u00fc Karanfil – Gagauzland<\/div>\n
            Reklamlar<\/div>