{"id":62914,"date":"2024-12-17T19:19:45","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T16:19:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=62914"},"modified":"2024-12-17T19:19:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T16:19:45","slug":"bulgaristan-turklerinin-turkiyeye-zorunlu-gocu-1950-1951","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristan-turklerinin-turkiyeye-zorunlu-gocu-1950-1951\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Zorunlu G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc (1950-1951)"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00fclten RAY\u0130MO\u011eLU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Zorunlu G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc (1950-1951)
\n1923-1949 Aras\u0131 G\u00f6\u00e7men Politikas\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Balkanlar’dan T\u00fcrkleri tamamen \u00e7\u0131kararak, Slav bir Bulgar devleti kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan Rusya’n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 (1877-1878) ile ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikalar, Bulgaristan’dan kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7 hareketlerinin ba\u015flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1878-1912 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 350 bin T\u00fcrk, Bulgaristan’dan zorla g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f; 1885 ile 1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ise bu say\u0131 500 bine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulu\u015fu ile birlikte, Bulgaristan’dan gelen g\u00f6\u00e7men sorununu d\u00fczenlemek amac\u0131yla 1925’te iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve g\u00f6\u00e7 i\u015fleri belli bir d\u00fczene girmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n1933’ten itibaren Bulgaristan’da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin g\u00f6\u00e7 etme iste\u011fi belirgin \u015fekilde artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (P\u0131nar, 2014: 64). 19 May\u0131s 1934’te Bulgaristan’da fa\u015fist bir darbe ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve bu d\u00f6nemde Bulgar y\u00f6netimi, etnik bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturma amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusunu hedef alm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti de bu durumu g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirerek yan\u0131t verme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cumhuriyet’in ilk on y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde Bulgaristan’dan T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelen g\u00f6\u00e7men say\u0131s\u0131 101.537’yi bulmu\u015ftur (\u00c7olak, 2013: 117).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve G\u00f6\u00e7 Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Yava\u015flamas\u0131<\/strong>
\n\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bulgaristan’da n\u00fcfusun azalmas\u0131, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yasaklamas\u0131na neden olmu\u015f, bu durum T\u00fcrkiye’ye yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 <\/span><\/span>yava\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1940-1949 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Bulgaristan’dan T\u00fcrkiye’ye ortalama olarak y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 2.100 ki\u015fi g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir. 1942’de kurulan Vatan Cephesi, Bulgar halk\u0131 i\u00e7in bir umut kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015fsa da, fa\u015fist y\u00f6netiminin son bulmas\u0131 beklentisi bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve bask\u0131lar daha da artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Bulgaristan’daki T\u00fcrkler i\u00e7in ya\u015fam, bu d\u00f6nemde ciddi bir eziyete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine Yap\u0131lan Zul\u00fcm<\/strong>
\nKom\u00fcnist y\u00f6netimin, Bulgaristan’daki T\u00fcrkler \u00fczerinde uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcm giderek daha da artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrklere a\u011f\u0131r vergiler y\u00fcklenmi\u015f; \u00fcreticilerin \u00fcrettikleri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7o\u011fu devlete verilmesi i\u00e7in zorlanm\u0131\u015f; T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 zorla i\u015f\u00e7i asker taburlar\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve okul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar, k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli i\u015f\u00e7i taburlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak \u00fczere zorla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. Bu zulme daha fazla dayanamayan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, 1947-1948 y\u0131llar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden yard\u0131m talebinde bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r (De\u011ferli ve Karakuzu, 2016: 315).
\nBu d\u00f6nemde, Bulgaristan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyen T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yanlar\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca bir g\u00f6mlek, \u015fapka, palto ve \u00e7orap d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir e\u015fya almas\u0131na izin vermedi\u011fi, bir ki\u015finin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bu t\u00fcr talepler, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin sert kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye’ye vize ba\u015fvurusu yapanlar, T\u00fcrk el\u00e7iliklerinden \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (De\u011ferli ve Karakuzu, 2016: 318).<\/span><\/span><\/p>