{"id":60324,"date":"2024-01-15T19:00:21","date_gmt":"2024-01-15T16:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=60324"},"modified":"2024-01-15T19:00:21","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T16:00:21","slug":"1923-1960-arasinda-bulgaristan-gocu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/1923-1960-arasinda-bulgaristan-gocu\/","title":{"rendered":"1923-1960 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc."},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>De\u011fi\u015fen rejimler, de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ya\u015famlar: 1923-1960 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin anavatana g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc.<\/h1>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/150x150\/public\/yazar%20%281%29.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Prof. Dr. Zehra Aslan<\/h2>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/1368x911\/public\/article\/main_image\/2022\/04\/19\/915796-754988612.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"printable-area page-taxonomy-term-32386\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<div class=\"entry-content\" data-io-article-url=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/node\/499886\/t%C3%BCrki%CC%87yeden-sesler\/de%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fen-rejimler-de%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fmeyen-ya%C5%9Famlar-1923-1960-aras%C4%B1nda-bulgaristan\">\n<div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<section class=\"entry-article-topper\">\n<div class=\"grid-x grid-margin-x\">\n<div class=\"cell\">\n<div class=\"entry-media\">\n<div class=\"caption-field\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>Kaynak: Ak\u015fam, 7 Ocak 1951 \/ Kolaj: Independent T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p>Rumeli&#8217;den Anadolu&#8217;ya ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131, yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyon Rumeli g\u00f6\u00e7meninin Anadolu&#8217;ya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 1877-78 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Bu tarihten sonra\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/balkanlar\">Balkanlar<\/a>dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye do\u011fru yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7ler, s\u00fcrekli hale geldi.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/lozan\">Lozan<\/a>\u00a0sonras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle s\u0131n\u0131r g\u00fcvenli\u011fini garantiye almay\u0131 hedefleyen T\u00fcrkiye, b\u00f6lgesel bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterdi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede de Balkan co\u011frafyas\u0131ndan Anavatan&#8217;a yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7lerin en \u00f6nemli aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/bulgaristan\">Bulgaristan<\/a>&#8216;la ili\u015fkilerini dostluk temeline oturtmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde, Do\u011fu Trakya&#8217;daki Bulgar Kilisesi ve Bulgar okullar\u0131 gibi meseleler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olsa da 18 Ekim 1925 tarihinde T\u00fcrk-Bulgar Dostluk Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Oturma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan&#8217;daki geli\u015fmeler ikili ili\u015fkileri gerginle\u015ftiriyor<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-3540448460\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1932 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Bulgaristan&#8217;da T\u00fcrkiye aleyhtarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Trakya Cemiyeti&#8217;nin 1925 Dostluk Antla\u015fmas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n feshi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar gibi geli\u015fmeler, iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri gerginle\u015ftirdi. Bunun sonucunda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de de Bulgaristan aleyhinde hava esmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Gerginli\u011fin eyleme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi, Bulgaristan&#8217;da Razgar&#8217;daki T\u00fcrk Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n talan edilmesiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>19 May\u0131s 1934 tarihinde Bulgaristan&#8217;da darbe olmas\u0131, ikili ili\u015fkilerin yeni bir s\u00fcrece girmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Bulgaristan, fa\u015fist darbeden on y\u0131l sonra kom\u00fcnist bir darbe ile y\u00fczle\u015fti. Dobruca, Makedonya ve Bat\u0131 Trakya \u00fczerindeki taleplerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bunun i\u00e7in 1 Mart 1940 tarihinde Berlin Pakt\u0131&#8217;na girdi.<\/p>\n<p>5 Eyl\u00fcl 1944&#8217;ten itibaren Bulgaristan, K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edildi. 15 Ekim 1944 tarihinde Bulgaristan Halk Cumhuriyeti kuruldu ve 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan referandumda halk tercihini, sosyalizmden yana kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye, Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklerin durumuna kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalm\u0131yor\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-3183085587\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;da ya\u015fanan siyasi geli\u015fmelerle birlikte T\u00fcrkiye ilgisini, oradaki T\u00fcrklerin durumuna yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Buradaki T\u00fcrklerin yard\u0131m talepleri, zaten T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ula\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>1920&#8217;li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye, Yunanistan&#8217;dan gelen m\u00fcbadillerin al\u0131nabilmesi ve Bulgaristan&#8217;la siyasi ili\u015fki kurulmamas\u0131 gibi sebeplerle Bulgaristan&#8217;dan g\u00f6\u00e7men kabul etmemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>1925 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ekim ay\u0131ndan itibaren yeniden diplomatik ili\u015fkiler ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra 1927&#8217;de G\u00fcney Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7ler ba\u015flad\u0131. Bulgaristan, ekonomik kayg\u0131larla bu g\u00f6\u00e7e s\u0131cak bakmay\u0131nca T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, sadece ekonomik yard\u0131mlar yapmakla yetindi.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6\u00e7ler yine de engellenemedi. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n yaz aylar\u0131 sonunda \u00a0binden fazla g\u00f6\u00e7menin Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na girmesiyle, Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde bu \u00fclkeden T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye yap\u0131lan ilk g\u00f6\u00e7 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda Varna, Rus\u00e7uk ve Razgrad b\u00f6lgelerinden toplam 2150 aile, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn nedeni, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a desteklemese de h\u00fck\u00fcmet g\u00f6revlilerinin de i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funa dair duyumlar al\u0131nan, T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halka uygulanan y\u0131ld\u0131rma politikas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-44695554\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin g\u00f6\u00e7 isteklerinin temelinde, T\u00fcrklere y\u00f6nelik uygulamalar ve ya\u015fanan kayg\u0131lar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle de Rodna Za\u015ftita, Trakya Komitesi, Kubrat \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, \u00a0Otets Paisi Birli\u011fi gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctler ile baz\u0131 Bulgar bas\u0131n\u0131 ve ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kamuoyu bu tutumda \u00e7ok etkiliydi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sofya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011finin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklerin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye ald\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 \u00f6neriliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Sofya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi, Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye olas\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ler ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ne olabilece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bir rapor haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Raporda Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklerin durumuyla ilgili verilen \u015fu bilgiler dikkat \u00e7ekicidir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00fcrkler, siyasi haklardan yoksundur.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrklerin, aleyhinde i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda faallerine ceza verilmiyor.<\/li>\n<li>Pomaklara Hristiyan olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in bask\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<li>Uygulanan vergi sistemi ile m\u00fclklere el konuluyor ve T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda cemaat hayat\u0131 felce u\u011frat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7ingeneler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar zorla Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Durum tespiti yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra \u00f6nerilen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, Pomaklardan ba\u015flanarak Bulgaristan&#8217;daki t\u00fcm T\u00fcrklerin, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye ald\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2229236023\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin de bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n t\u00fcrde\u015f etnik bir yap\u0131 kurma politikas\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7ta Bulgaristan&#8217;daki geli\u015fmelerin, ikili ili\u015fkilerin ve raporda belirtilen tespitlerin de etkisiyle 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklerin planl\u0131 olarak T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye al\u0131nmas\u0131na karar verildi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye, temkinli bir tutum izliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1934-35 aras\u0131nda Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin politikas\u0131n\u0131, Pomaklar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7lerini engellemesi ve T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 tutumu, y\u00f6nlendirirken Balkanlarda istikrar isteyen T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in Bulgaristan her zaman \u00f6nemini korudu.<\/p>\n<p>Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli husus, Bulgaristan&#8217;la ili\u015fkilerde politika belirlenirken\u00a0T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bundan zarar g\u00f6rmemesine \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmesiydi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2015340335\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin bu hassasiyeti, baz\u0131 durumlar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde ise yeterli olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Almanya&#8217;n\u0131n Balkanlardaki ilerleyi\u015fi \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul ve baz\u0131 vilayetlerde s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ilan edildi. S\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda da g\u00fcvenlik tedbirleri al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;yi bu tedbirleri aleyhinde almakla su\u00e7lam\u0131\u015fsa da taraflar, 17 \u015eubat 1941 tarihinde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir Sald\u0131rmazl\u0131k Beyannamesi yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bu durum \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan&#8217;da Kom\u00fcnist y\u00f6netimin iktidara gelmesi, zoraki kurulan ikili ili\u015fkilerdeki dengeyi yine sarst\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrkler kom\u00fcnist rejimi, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta olumlu kar\u015f\u0131lasa da bir s\u00fcre sonra T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gideceklerin pasaportlar\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi, e\u011fitimli ayd\u0131n kesimde olan T\u00fcrklerin tutuklanmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131 gibi uygulamalar g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-180697427\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sistemin do\u011fal bir ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak m\u00fclklere el konuldu, h\u0131zl\u0131ca kooperatifle\u015ftirilmeler yap\u0131ld\u0131, okul ve vak\u0131flar devletle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklerin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den talepleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yeni rejimin k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 nedeniyle 1944-1948 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye giri\u015fler azal\u0131rken uygulamalardan duyulan memnuniyetsizlik, buradaki T\u00fcrklerin g\u00f6\u00e7 arzusunu artt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bask\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde konu, T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine de getirildi. Meclis Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na verilen soru \u00f6nergesini cevapland\u0131ran Ba\u015fbakan Hasan Saka, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n gerekli m\u00fcracaatlar\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve konunun \u00f6nemli bir devlet sorunu olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat\u00a0<em>&#8220;Balkan memleketlerinde kom\u015fu olsun veya uzak olsun, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nam\u0131yla kendimizden olduklar\u0131na \u015f\u00fcphe olmayan bu ekalliyetlerin mukadderat\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kesin ve kati tesirler yaratacak yeni bir tedbir almak imk\u00e2n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0diyen Ba\u015fbakan&#8217;\u0131n s\u00f6zleri, Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa pek umut verici de\u011fildi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4113328609\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme m\u00fccadelesi veren Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bir taraftan Bulgar makamlar\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7 izni isterken di\u011fer taraftan da Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/ismet-in%C3%B6n%C3%BC\">\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc<\/a>&#8216;ye m\u00fcracaat ettiler. Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 anlatt\u0131lar, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye kabul edilmelerini talep ettiler.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlardan Filibeli g\u00f6\u00e7menler ad\u0131na yaz\u0131lan 1 Ocak 1945 tarihli bir mektupta, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyenlere y\u00f6nelik uygulamalr\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediliyor ve \u00fclkeden ayr\u0131lacaklar\u0131n yanlar\u0131na ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na bir g\u00f6mlek, \u015fapka, palto ve \u00e7orap d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda para ve e\u015fya almalar\u0131na izin verilmedi\u011fi belirtiliyordu.<\/p>\n<div class=\"dnd-widget-wrapper context-custom_gallery type-image\">\n<div class=\"dnd-atom-rendered\">\n<div class=\"entry-media-inner-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"1.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/thumbnails\/image\/2022\/04\/20\/915776-449362116.jpg?resize=640%2C783&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"1.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"783\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bir ba\u015fka mektupta Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklerin kurtulu\u015fu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Bu bizlere olan zul\u00fcmc\u00fcl\u00fck \u00e7ok cana yetti. Biz g\u00f6kten bile imdat bekleyen bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan&#8217;da olan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131. Bulgaristan&#8217;da olan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc idare halk\u0131 eziyor. Ve daima biz zul\u00fcm alt\u0131nda ya\u015fat\u0131l\u0131yoruz&#8230; Can\u0131m Pa\u015fam. Senden biz bir diyece\u011fimiz var\u2026 Sizden onlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn Cumhuriyet h\u00fcrriyeti ile yapman\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00e7ok rica edece\u011fiz: \u00a0Ya 3. cihan harbi ya da Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti&#8217;ne kavu\u015fturman\u0131z.\u00a0<\/em><\/p><div id=\"bghab-632089217\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/blockquote>\n<p>1947 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra Bulgaristan&#8217;da ya\u015fam \u015fartlar\u0131 daha da zorla\u015f\u0131nca buradaki T\u00fcrklerin, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den yard\u0131m talepleri de artt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Gelen talepler \u00fczerine 31 May\u0131s 1947 tarihinde Bakanlar Kurulu topland\u0131 ama bu toplant\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131kan karar, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin isk\u00e2nl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye kabul edilmelerinin daha m\u00fcsait bir zamana ertelenmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde oldu.<br \/>\nKarar, herhangi bir taahh\u00fct alt\u0131na girilmeyen serbest g\u00f6\u00e7menler ile m\u00fcltecileri kapsam\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;dan g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyen T\u00fcrklerin bu durumda tek \u00e7aresi, ka\u00e7mak ve serbest g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gelmekti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn nedenleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin 1950-51 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7lerinin nedenlerini, DP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ABD yanl\u0131s\u0131 tutumuna, Kore&#8217;ye asker g\u00f6nderilmesine, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin NATO i\u00e7erisinde yer alma \u00e7abas\u0131na ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi&#8217;nin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;yi ekonomik olarak zor durumda b\u0131rakmak istemesine dayand\u0131ranlar oldu\u011fu gibi tarihsel seyrin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak da g\u00f6renler vard\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1759109454\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-45-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu iki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn yan\u0131nda 1950-51 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne zemin haz\u0131rlayan bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli neden, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin; din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n ve T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesi ile e\u011fitimlerine getirilen k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar gibi birtak\u0131m uygulamalardan duyduklar\u0131 rahats\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u00fczde 90&#8217;\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik yapan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin 1949 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra el konulan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n kooperatifle\u015ftirilmesi ise g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 nota krizleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>10 A\u011fustos 1950 tarihinde Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye sert bir nota vererek 10 Kas\u0131m 1950 tarihine kadar 250.000 ki\u015finin T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak kabul\u00fcn\u00fc istedi.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni iktidar, bir taraftan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye giri\u015f yapan g\u00f6\u00e7menleri yerle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken di\u011fer taraftan da \u00fc\u00e7 ay gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede 250 bin T\u00fcrk&#8217;\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ng\u00f6ren notan\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-281011299\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-50-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle T\u00fcrkiye de Bulgaristan&#8217;a bir cevabi nota verdi. Burada 18 Ekim 1925 tarihli T\u00fcrk-Bulgar \u0130kamet S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;ne at\u0131fta bulunarak, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda T\u00fcrk&#8217;\u00fc g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirmeye kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n tehcir oldu\u011funu bildirdi.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye, Bulgaristan&#8217;daki T\u00fcrklere kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n her zaman a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu fakat ciddi bir b\u00fct\u00e7e ve altyap\u0131 gerektirdi\u011finden, g\u00f6\u00e7lerin b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar halinde de\u011fil de belli aral\u0131klarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini istiyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda nota krizinin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nemde bir de \u00c7ingene g\u00f6\u00e7men krizi ya\u015fand\u0131. Bulgarlar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7menler aras\u0131na vizesiz ve \u00c7ingene soyundan gelen baz\u0131 kimseleri sokmaya devam etmeleri \u00fczerine T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 7 Ekim 1950 tarihinde Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 kapatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin vizesiz g\u00f6\u00e7men g\u00f6nderilmeyece\u011fine dair taahh\u00fctte bulunmas\u0131 \u00fczerine 2 Aral\u0131k 1950 tarihinde s\u0131n\u0131r tekrar a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bundan sonra g\u00f6\u00e7men ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 devam etti. 1951 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz aylar\u0131ndan itibaren ise g\u00f6\u00e7ler azald\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1112069650\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-55-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n yine vizesizleri ve \u00c7ingene g\u00f6\u00e7menleri T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye sokmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, Haziran-Ekim 1951 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan&#8217;a alt\u0131 nota daha verildi. 8 Kas\u0131m 1951&#8217;de tekrar s\u0131n\u0131r kapat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 20 Kas\u0131m 1951 tarihinde bir tebli\u011f yay\u0131nlayarak Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7lerin durduruldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye, 1 Aral\u0131k 1951 tarihinde Bulgar tebli\u011fine verdi\u011fi cevapta, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyen soyda\u015flar\u0131na her zaman kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu bildirdi. S\u0131n\u0131rda kalan 1500 kadar g\u00f6\u00e7meni de kabul etmeye haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu mesaj\u0131n\u0131 Sofya&#8217;ya iletti.\u00a0Fakat al\u0131nan cevap olumsuzdu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00f6\u00e7men misafirhanelerinde yeni bir ya\u015fam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menler, ilk olarak Edirne&#8217;deki Karaa\u011fa\u00e7 misafirhanesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2078544038\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-60-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Buran\u0131n yetersiz gelmesi durumunda Sirkeci&#8217;de bulunan g\u00f6\u00e7men evine, yine yeterli olmam\u0131\u015fsa oradan da Tuzla&#8217;daki misafirhaneye g\u00f6nderildiler.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6\u00e7men say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli artmas\u0131 ile birlikte Edirne ve Tekirda\u011f&#8217;daki misafirhaneler yeniden takviye edildi. Edirne ve \u0130stanbul&#8217;daki isk\u00e2n misafirhaneleri geni\u015fletildi, Tekirda\u011f ile \u0130zmir&#8217;de yeni misafirhaneler kuruldu.<\/p>\n<div class=\"dnd-widget-wrapper context-custom_image type-image\">\n<div class=\"dnd-atom-rendered\">\n<div class=\"entry-media-inner-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"2.JPG\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/800xauto\/public\/thumbnails\/image\/2022\/04\/20\/915766-376821915.JPG?resize=640%2C613&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"2.JPG\" width=\"640\" height=\"613\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"dnd-caption-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"meta\">Zafer, 21 Aral\u0131k 1950<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6ylece transit olarak kullan\u0131lan Edirne, \u0130stanbul, Tekirda\u011f ve \u0130zmir&#8217;deki \u00a0misafirhaneler, toplam 14 bin ki\u015finin konaklayabilece\u011fi hale getirildi. Ayr\u0131ca Demirkap\u0131 G\u00f6\u00e7men Misafirhanesi de tamir edilerek kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r hale getirildi.<\/p>\n<p>Misafirhanelerde, \u00f6nce g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Sonra sa\u011fl\u0131k, g\u00fcmr\u00fck, emniyet ve isk\u00e2n muameleleri yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7menler, muhtelif b\u00f6lgelere devlet taraf\u0131ndan sevk edildiler. \u0130sk\u00e2n misafirhanelerinde kald\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00fcddet\u00e7e ia\u015feleri, K\u0131z\u0131lay a\u015f ocaklar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Gidecekleri yerlere kadar kumanyalar\u0131 verildi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3267972952\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-65-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Toprak ve \u0130sk\u00e2n M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile K\u0131z\u0131lay taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan a\u015f ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli gelmemesi halinde de baz\u0131 mahallelerde seyyar a\u015f ocaklar\u0131 kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>Misafirhanelerdeki g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcnden ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Edirne, \u0130stanbul ve Tuzla&#8217;ya ekipler g\u00f6nderdi. Ekipler, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye giri\u015f yaparak misafirhanelere yerle\u015ftirilen g\u00f6\u00e7menleri genel bir taramadan ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n<p>Yap\u0131lan tetkiklerde 1951 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131na kadar gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerde herhangi bir bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edildi. G\u00f6\u00e7menlerin daha kapsaml\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k taramas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k Te\u015fkilat\u0131&#8217;ndan da destek al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;G\u00f6\u00e7 etmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7are yoktu&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndan girdikten sonra Milliyet gazetesi Muhabiri Mahmut Necmettin Deliorman&#8217;\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc baz\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7menler, hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde devam etmesi halinde Bulgaristan&#8217;da T\u00fcrk kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, madeni ve de\u011ferli e\u015fyalar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131na izin vermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in serbest g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak gelenler, yanlar\u0131nda sadece yorgan ve birka\u00e7 par\u00e7a e\u015fya bulundurabiliyorlard\u0131. Verdikleri bilgiye g\u00f6re Bulgaristan&#8217;da satt\u0131klar\u0131 menkullerden elde ettikleri paralar, s\u0131n\u0131rda Bulgar yetkililerce ellerinden al\u0131n\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;Ne s\u00f6ylesem nas\u0131l anlatsam&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0diye konu\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u015flayan bir g\u00f6\u00e7men\u00a0<em>&#8220;Bir zamanlar g\u00fcll\u00fck g\u00fclistanl\u0131k olan T\u00fcrk k\u00f6ylerinde\u2026 kan ak\u0131yor, herkes kan a\u011fl\u0131yor. Biz kurtulduk Allah orada kalan dinda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131za yard\u0131m etsin&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0s\u00f6zleriyle duygular\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;Bir\u00e7ok mahrumiyeti g\u00f6ze alarak T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye geldik&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0diyen Filibeli Hasan ise g\u00f6\u00e7 etmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7areleri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Bulgar zulm\u00fc son zamanlarda tahamm\u00fcl edilemez bir hal ald\u0131. Can, mal, \u0131rz ve mal emniyeti diye bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131. Mal alamazs\u0131n, mal satamazs\u0131n. Vergiler \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r, bunlar yetmiyormu\u015f gibi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fmak da bir su\u00e7 te\u015fkil ediyor. \u00a0Hi\u00e7bir su\u00e7un yokken evinden \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131p, g\u00fcnlerce d\u00f6v\u00fclmek, hapse at\u0131lmak her g\u00fcn olan \u015feylerdir. Evimizi tarlam\u0131z\u0131 b\u0131rakarak Anavatana g\u00f6\u00e7 etmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7\u0131kar yol yoktu&#8230;<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>&#8220;G\u00f6\u00e7menlerin geli\u015fi memleketimiz i\u00e7in rahmettir&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmet, \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir programa ve \u00f6nemli miktarda \u00f6dene\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fundan ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta isk\u00e2nl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin geli\u015fine s\u0131cak bakmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle de bir program d\u00e2hilinde inceleme yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra siyasi ve toplumsal olarak s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yaratmayacak serbest g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye geli\u015flerini kabul edece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Vizesi olmayan hi\u00e7bir g\u00f6\u00e7men ise kabul edilmeyecekti.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130sk\u00e2n Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00e7esi artt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130sk\u00e2n i\u015flerinde Marshall kredisinden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen yard\u0131mla ilgili yetkili Devlet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir komisyon kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6ylece Bulgaristan g\u00f6\u00e7menleri meselesiyle iki ayr\u0131 komisyon me\u015fgul olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00fcretici durumuna gelmelerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirten Ba\u015fbakan\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/adnan-menderes\">Adnan Menderes<\/a>, g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin geli\u015finin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin \u00f6zellikle de T\u00fcrk ziraat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir f\u0131rsat oldu\u011funu belirten a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u2026bu birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz bin T\u00fcrk&#8217;\u00fc&#8230; memleketimizin tam \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya geli\u015fmeye u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u0131ralarda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye yollamakla Bulgarlar&#8230; topraklar\u0131m\u0131za adeta rahmet ya\u011fd\u0131rd\u0131lar\u2026<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"dnd-widget-wrapper context-custom_gallery type-image\">\n<div class=\"dnd-atom-rendered\">\n<div class=\"entry-media-inner-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"3.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/thumbnails\/image\/2022\/04\/20\/915771-135774537.jpg?resize=640%2C1155&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"3.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"1155\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan&#8217;dan gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc serbest g\u00f6\u00e7men vizesi ile T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye giri\u015f yapt\u0131. Bunlara normal \u015fartlarda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin yard\u0131mda bulunmak gibi bir taahh\u00fcd\u00fc yoktu. Bu nedenle s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 7 Ekim 1950 tarihine kadar yakla\u015f\u0131k 23 bin kadar\u0131 akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat h\u00fck\u00fcmete g\u00f6re gelenler, tehcir yolu ile zorla g\u00f6\u00e7e tabi tutulmu\u015ftu. Bu nedenle de taahh\u00fct olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen serbest g\u00f6\u00e7menlere bar\u0131nma ihtiyac\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere imk\u00e2nlar nispetince yard\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1951 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Nisan ay\u0131nda da 1 Ocak 1950 tarihinden itibaren Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gelen veya gelecek olan g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc, isk\u00e2nl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak kabul edildi. Daha \u00f6nce yard\u0131m talep etmeyen g\u00f6\u00e7menler de bu haklardan yararlanacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmetin g\u00f6\u00e7men meselesinde uygulayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemde \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015fama belirlendi. Bunlardan ilki g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin meslekleri ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 iklim \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re her ilin bar\u0131nd\u0131rabilece\u011fi say\u0131da olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek yerle\u015ftirilmeleri, ikincisi sevklerde aksakl\u0131k ya\u015fanmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in valilerin illerde t\u00fcm tedbirleri almas\u0131 ve son olarak da gereken mahalli imk\u00e2nlara da ba\u015fvurularak g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kendilerine yeterli hale getirilmeleri.<\/p>\n<p>1951 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n May\u0131s ay\u0131na kadar gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerde ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flayacak i\u015fler buldular. As\u0131l isk\u00e2n yerlerine yerle\u015ftirilmeleri i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok ilde mahalli isk\u00e2n komisyonlar\u0131 kuruldu.<\/p>\n<p>Ekonomisi tar\u0131ma dayal\u0131 olan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin zirai \u00fcretiminin geli\u015ftirilmesinde y\u00fczde 70&#8217;i \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerden olu\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7menlerden yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle gelenlere toprak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00fcfusu az, iklimi g\u00f6\u00e7menlere uygun, \u015fartlar\u0131 ziraata ve isk\u00e2na elveri\u015fli, kimsenin hak iddia etmedi\u011fi topraklarda k\u00f6yler kurulmas\u0131 veya 20-25 haneli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6ylerin geni\u015fletilmesi yoluna gidildi.<\/p>\n<p>Ankara, Konya, K\u0131r\u015fehir, Ni\u011fde, Kayseri, Sivas ve Yozgat illeri g\u00f6\u00e7men k\u00f6yleri kurmaya elveri\u015fli b\u00f6lgeler olarak tespit edildi.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de uyum sorunu ya\u015famamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u00e7menlere e\u011fitim verildi. Bunun i\u00e7in de Ankara d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Tekirda\u011f ve \u0130stanbul Tuzla&#8217;da g\u00f6\u00e7men kabul ve yeti\u015ftirme evleri a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 planland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmetin g\u00f6\u00e7men politikas\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin uyum s\u00fcrecinde sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak desteklenmeleriydi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede devletin paras\u0131z ve yat\u0131l\u0131 okullar\u0131nda okuyacak \u00f6\u011frencilerin d\u00f6rtte birinin, Bulgaristan&#8217;dan gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan al\u0131nmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6\u00e7menlerin intibak\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kurslar a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Topluca isk\u00e2n edildikleri k\u00f6ylerde ilkokulla birlikte, g\u00f6\u00e7men ve yerli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n o b\u00f6lgenin icap ettirdi\u011fi sanatlar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeleri i\u00e7in yeti\u015ftirme binalar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1950-1951 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ile maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Bulgaristan&#8217;da b\u0131rakarak T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin \u00e7o\u011fu, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ve halk\u0131n deste\u011fi ile yeni hayatlar\u0131na k\u0131sa zamanda adapte oldular<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmet, g\u00f6\u00e7menleri milli servete katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacak yararl\u0131 unsurlar olarak de\u011ferlendirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Yetkili a\u011f\u0131zlardan g\u00f6\u00e7men meselesinin, milli bir dava oldu\u011funa dair a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<div class=\"dnd-widget-wrapper context-custom_image type-image\">\n<div class=\"dnd-atom-rendered\">\n<div class=\"entry-media-inner-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"4.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/800xauto\/public\/thumbnails\/image\/2022\/04\/20\/915781-726230698.jpg?resize=640%2C738&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"4.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"738\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"dnd-caption-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"meta\">Zafer, 28 Aral\u0131k 1950<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fta Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/Celal-Bayar\">Celal Bayar<\/a>\u00a0ve Ba\u015fbakan\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/adnan-menderes\">Adnan Menderes<\/a>\u00a0olmak \u00fczere iktidar, muhalefet, halk\u0131n deste\u011fiyle g\u00f6\u00e7men meselesi, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturuldu. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye yerle\u015ftirildikten sonra da h\u00fck\u00fcmet g\u00f6\u00e7menlere ihtiya\u00e7 duymalar\u0131 halinde deste\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda 52 bin 185 ve 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda 102 bin 208 ki\u015fi olmak \u00fczere Bulgaristan&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye 37 bin 351 aileden toplam 154 bin 393 n\u00fcfusun g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>1950-1960 d\u00f6neminde sadece Bulgaristan&#8217;dan de\u011fil T\u00fcrkistan&#8217;dan, Suriye&#8217;den ve 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda Garbi Trakya&#8217;dan, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7ler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1959 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Bulgaristan g\u00f6\u00e7menleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 1950&#8217;den sonra 19 bin aile di\u011fer memleketlerden T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak geldi b\u00f6ylece toplam g\u00f6\u00e7men say\u0131s\u0131 226 bin 590&#8217;\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n<p>Stratejik konumu, bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgedeki etkisi, gelenlere kar\u015f\u0131 tutumu, siyasi, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, ekonomik bir\u00e7ok nedenle tercih edilen \u00fclke konumunda olan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, 1960 sonras\u0131nda da devam etti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u2022\u00a0 Makale, Zehra Aslan&#8217;\u0131n &#8220;T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de G\u00f6\u00e7 ve G\u00f6\u00e7menler (1914-1960) Karadeniz, Batum, Bulgaristan, T\u00fcrkistan T\u00fcrkleri ile Romanya Yahudileri, Libra Kitap, \u0130stanbul 2020&#8221; eserinden yararlan\u0131larak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p data-gtm-vis-recent-on-screen115547438_54=\"236808\" data-gtm-vis-first-on-screen115547438_54=\"236808\" data-gtm-vis-total-visible-time115547438_54=\"100\" data-gtm-vis-has-fired115547438_54=\"1\"><strong>*Bu makalede yer alan fikirler yazara aittir ve Independent T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;nin edit\u00f6ryal politikas\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmayabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u00a9 The Independentturkish<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-3344700627\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De\u011fi\u015fen rejimler, de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ya\u015famlar: 1923-1960 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin anavatana g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc. Prof. Dr. Zehra Aslan Kaynak: Ak\u015fam, 7 Ocak 1951 \/ Kolaj: Independent T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Rumeli&#8217;den Anadolu&#8217;ya<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":60325,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/prof-dr-zehra-aslan.png?fit=150%2C150&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-fGY","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60324"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60324\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}