{"id":55253,"date":"2021-10-10T00:31:42","date_gmt":"2021-10-09T21:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=55253"},"modified":"2022-02-06T01:52:27","modified_gmt":"2022-02-05T22:52:27","slug":"bulgaristanda-liderlik-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristanda-liderlik-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan\u2019da Liderlik -3-"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rafet ULUT\u00dcRK<br \/>\nTarih: 10 Ekim 2021<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rg\u00fctlenmeye ve kimli\u011fimize g\u00f6t\u00fcren do\u011fru yol! <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bizler Bulgaristan&#8217;da kalan T\u00fcrkler Osmanl\u0131 Devletinden kopar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden bir ortak karara varmadan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yolu Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonuna kadar getirmi\u015f ve 27 Kas\u0131m 1919\u2019da Paris\u2019in bir kenar kenti olan Neuilly\u2019de imzalanan Anla\u015fma ile Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri de d\u00e2hil, sava\u015fta yenilen \u00fclkelerin az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n Birlemi\u015f Milletler Te\u015fkilat\u0131 garant\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde hayat hakk\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Anla\u015fma maddelerinden kesitler vererek, bu \u00f6nemli anla\u015fman\u0131n Bulgaristan \u00c7arl\u0131k Ba\u015fbakan\u0131, BH\u00c7B \/BZNS\/ lideri, Bulgaristan Ba\u015fbakan Aleksand\u0131r Stanboliyski taraf\u0131ndan imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015ftim.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn Sofya\u2019da, Bulgar Parlamentosunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hala <strong><em>\u201cKurtar\u0131c\u0131 Sovyet Askeri\u201d<\/em><\/strong> ve <strong><em>\u201cKurtar\u0131c\u0131 Rus \u00c7ar\u0131 II. Aleksand\u0131r\u201d<\/em><\/strong> an\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 (istilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131lar i\u00e7in dikilmi\u015f an\u0131tlar oldu\u011funu dikkate alarak) g\u00f6rmezden gelirsek, en g\u00f6rkemli heykel Aleksand\u0131r Stanboliyski an\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Bu an\u0131t da bug\u00fcn Sofya\u2019da opera binas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ayr\u0131ca \u015fu da var, XX. y\u00fczy\u0131lda en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve etkili Bulgar halk \u00f6nderi kimdir?<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\nSorusuyla bir anket \u2013 halk sorgulamas\u0131 yap\u0131lsa, y\u00fczde y\u00fcz halk\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Al. Stanboliyski diyor. Bu konuda bizler BULT\u00dcRK Derne\u011fi olarak Bulgaristan\u2019da 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir anket yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k T\u00fcrklerin aras\u0131nda bile en sevilen Bulgar Lider olarak ilk s\u0131rada Al. STANBOL\u0130YSK\u0130 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yani halka hizmet edenler 100 y\u0131l dahi ge\u00e7se unutulmazlar.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-403740234\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><em>Ayn\u0131 zamanda Bulgarlar i\u00e7in tarihlerinde imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 en teslimiyet\u00e7i, en k\u00f6t\u00fc, en ezici ve Bulgar gururunu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclten anla\u015fma Neuilly Anla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\nG\u00fcney Do\u011fu Rodoplar\u2019da 8 kazay\u0131 Osmanl\u0131dan kopar\u0131p Bulgar Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131na katt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz bizim i\u00e7in de en k\u00f6t\u00fc anla\u015fmad\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc burada ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkler i\u00e7in de esaret ve zul\u00fcm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ne var ki, \u201colan olmu\u015f, yapacak bir \u015fey yok\u201d<\/em><\/strong> deyip bir basamak daha yukar\u0131dan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Neuilly Anla\u015fmas\u0131, Bulgar \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan biz T\u00fcrklere bu anla\u015fma uyanma, ayd\u0131nlanma, dirilme ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenerek T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fimize uzanma yolunu da a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Al. Stanboliyski 1 Mart 1879\u2019da Do\u011fu Rumeli\u2019de, Tatar Pazarc\u0131k (Pazarc\u0131k) belediyesine ba\u011fl\u0131 Slavovita k\u00f6y\u00fcnde bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i ailesinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Filibe (Plovdiv\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 Sadovo \u015fehrinde \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik, Plevne (Pleven) \u015fehrinde ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k okumu\u015f ve orada \u00f6\u011fretmeni olan Yanko Sak\u0131zov\u2019tan Bulgar \u00c7ift\u00e7i Birli\u011fi Liderlerini \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f ve 1899\u2019da Bulgar Halk \u00c7ift\u00e7i Birli\u011fi \/BZNS\/ partinin kurucular\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6\u011frenimine Almanya\u2019da devam eden gelece\u011fin k\u00f6yl\u00fc lideri, Halede felsefe, M\u00fcnih\u2019te ise modern tar\u0131m dersleri de g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri taraf\u0131ndan 7 defa milletvekili se\u00e7ilen, 1918\u2019de Makedonya cephesi hezimetinden d\u00f6nerken ayaklanan askerin <strong><em>\u201cVladaya Silahl\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131n\u0131\u201d<\/em><\/strong> y\u00f6neten Stanboliyski, \u00c7ar Ferdinand\u2019\u0131n Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 terk etmesinde \u0131srar ederken Monar\u015finin korunmas\u0131ndan yana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Stanboliyski, Bulgar toplumunu sosyal tabaka ve s\u0131n\u0131flar olarak g\u00f6ren biridir. Onun y\u00f6netiminde BZNS- \u00e7ift\u00e7i partisi bir sosyal k\u00f6yl\u00fc tabakas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden politik partiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu sosyal tabaka oldu\u011fu gibi yeni kurulan politik parti (BZNS) partisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken Bulgaristan k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinin hepsini, bu arada da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7ift\u00e7ileri de kucaklam\u0131\u015f ve tarihlerinde ilk defa olmak \u00fczere \u00fclkede ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm tar\u0131m emek\u00e7ileri ayn\u0131 politik partiye \u00fcye olmu\u015ftur.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2351616303\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Y\u0131l 1919, Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusunun %85\u2019i tar\u0131mda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm i\u00e7inde Stanboliyski\u2019nin \u00f6nc\u00fc \u2013 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmc\u00fc rol\u00fcn\u00fc bir de Rus\u00e7uk (Ruse) valili\u011fi esnas\u0131nda kara saban\u0131 Viyana\u2019dan getirdi\u011fi pulluklarla de\u011fi\u015ftiren B\u00fcy\u00fck Vali Mithat Pa\u015fa\u2019dan sonra, tarlalar\u0131 Almanya\u2019dan getirtti\u011fi trakt\u00f6rlerle s\u00fcrmeye ve demir t\u0131rm\u0131kla t\u0131rm\u0131klamaya ba\u015flamas\u0131nda, \u00fcstelik d\u00fcveni harmandan toplat\u0131p ilk harman makinalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6ylerimize getirmesinde gizlidir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>O b\u00fct\u00fcn Bulgaristan halk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fr\u0131na bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00f6nderdi. 1919\u2019da 1 200 000 oy alan BZNS tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi h\u00fckumeti kurmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Stanboliyski, Bulgaristan\u2019da toprak reformu yapan, fakir k\u00f6yl\u00fclere toprak veren, T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil, okullara i\u015flemek ve giderlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere toprak tahsis eden, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa tan\u0131nan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri hayata ge\u00e7iren, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasi alanda \u00e7o\u011fulculu\u011fu se\u00e7en, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bulgar \u00e7o\u011funlukla e\u015fit haklarla donatan bir devlet adam\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin az\u0131nl\u0131klarla ilgili siyaseti \u015fu 2 esasa dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131;<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-2933857483\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Balkan devletleri genel bir af ilan edip g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin do\u011fduklar\u0131 yerlere d\u00f6n\u00fcp yerle\u015fmelerine, eski mal\u0131na m\u00fclk\u00fcne sahip olmalar\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmelidirler.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Bar\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131na dair h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Stanboliyski, 26 Ekim 1922\u2019de Sofya Meclisinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir konu\u015fmada \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: <strong>\u201cT\u00fcrkiye ile ili\u015fkilerimiz sadece iyi ve dostane olabilir. Ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131m\u0131z bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015famam\u0131z\u0131 gerektirmektedir.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Stanboliyski, partinin XVII. Kongresine kat\u0131lan 500 T\u00fcrk delege ve \u00e7ift\u00e7i partili 8 milletvekili ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, <strong><em>\u201cMemleket i\u015flerini yoluna koyal\u0131m ve birlikte idare edelim\u201d <\/em><\/strong>demi\u015f ve s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc de tutmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>1919 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk kaymakam yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, yarg\u0131\u00e7 vekili gibi g\u00f6revlere atanm\u0131\u015f, Eski Cuma (T\u0131rgovi\u015fte) il merkezlerinde \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi <strong><em>\u201cT\u00fcrk \u015eubesi\u201d<\/em><\/strong> ve k\u00f6y te\u015fkilatlar\u0131 kurulmu\u015ftur. Karma k\u00f6ylerdeki \u00c7ift\u00e7i partisi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinde Ba\u015fkan Bulgar, sekreter T\u00fcrk se\u00e7ildi. Bu yap\u0131lanmayla tar\u0131m \u00fcretim kooperatifleri kuruculu\u011fu ba\u015flad\u0131.<br \/>\n(Bu demokrasiye ge\u00e7i\u015ften 1989\u2019dan sonra bir tane Bulgar partisi var m\u0131 SEKRETER T\u00dcRK olsun-YOK. \u0130\u015fte ger\u00e7ek durum bu)<\/p>\n<p>1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sofya\u2019da toplanan BH\u00c7P-(Bulgaristan Halk \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi) Kongresine kat\u0131lan Deliorman delegeleri Kongreye <strong><em>19 maddelik bir milli e\u011fitim, dini ve idari dilek mektubu sunmu\u015ftur.<\/em> <\/strong>Bu istekler BH\u00c7P siyasi program\u0131na eklenmi\u015f ve uygulanmak \u00fczere yerel \u00f6rg\u00fctlere g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. \u0130stekler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Okullarda e\u011fitimin anadilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zerkli\u011finin korunmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Orta ve ilkokullar\u0131n mali giderlerinin il ve il\u00e7e heyetleri taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrk r\u00fc\u015ftiye okullar\u0131 ile medreselerin devlet taraf\u0131ndan idare edilmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131na tarla, koru vs verilmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmen maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Bulgar \u00f6\u011fretmen maa\u015flar\u0131na e\u015fit olmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130l E\u011fitim M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 i\u00e7in M\u00fcfetti\u015f atanmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Okul programlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>M\u00fcft\u00fc yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bir N\u00fcvvab a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>M\u00fcft\u00fclerin se\u00e7imle i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131 yapmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrklere gece okulu a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrk k\u00f6ylerinde gazete ve dergiler bulunan kahvehaneler (k\u0131raathaneler) a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrklere se\u00e7imler g\u00f6rev serilmelidir;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k k\u00f6y ve kasabalarda kad\u0131lar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Mahkemelere terc\u00fcmanlar atanmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\u0130l\u00e7elerde kaymakam vekili ve polis amirlerinin T\u00fcrk olmas\u0131; <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrklerden askeri vergi al\u0131nmamas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Okumu\u015f T\u00fcrklerin istedikleri g\u00f6revlere tayin edilmelerine engel yarat\u0131lmamas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n orduda g\u00f6rev alabilmeleri gerekti\u011fi.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu isteklerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi milletvekilleri 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmete M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n dini hayat\u0131nda yeni d\u00fczenlemeler getiren bir de \u00f6zel dilek\u00e7e sunmu\u015ftular.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3506538098\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><em>Orada \u0130fade edilen istekler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201cBulgar \u00c7aml\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Kurumlar\u0131n Dini Y\u00f6netim ve \u00d6rg\u00fct T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nde de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131larak m\u00fcft\u00fclerin milli hakimiyet esas\u0131na g\u00f6re ahali taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilmesi;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>M\u00fcft\u00fc yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in N\u00fcvvab\u2019\u0131n hemen a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Her sene bir Milli M\u00fcsl\u00fcman konferans\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Vak\u0131f m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kongre \u00f6n\u00fcnde hesap vermesi;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckte mali bir denetim yap\u0131lmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckler ve Cemati \u0130slamiye denetimi tamamen Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ait olmas\u0131;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Temyiz ve \u0130stinaf Mahkemelerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Bu istekler daha sonra \u00c7ift\u00e7i partisi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z\u00fcnde duran ilk Bulgar partisi olmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Burada dikkati \u00e7eken bir ba\u015fka nokta ise, \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi iktidar\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, 1922\u2019den ba\u015flayarak Halk Meclisi\u2019nin toplant\u0131 salonlar\u0131ndan birinde her y\u0131l T\u00fcrkler de Kongreleri yapmak i\u00e7in burada toplanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu kongreye 150 T\u00fcrk delege kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\n<\/strong>Birinci Kongre K\u0131rca Ali delegesi Hac\u0131 Ahmet taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmi\u015ftir. Kongrede \u00c7ift\u00e7i Birli\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin o zaman M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin uygulanmas\u0131, yeni istekler ve \u00f6nde duran g\u00f6revler g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu kongrelerde sava\u015flardan G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Rodop\u2019lara ve Pirin b\u00f6lgesine d\u00f6nen Pomaklar\u0131n gasp edilen topraklar\u0131n\u0131n ve m\u00fclklerinin geri verilmesi sorunlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve meclise ve bakanlar kuruluna ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin dini \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine de kap\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ne yaz\u0131k ki, Ferdinand\u2019\u0131n taht\u0131na oturan o\u011flu III. Boris, sava\u015fta yenilen ve silahlar\u0131 ellerinde kalan ordu komutanlar\u0131, Moskova\u2019daki <strong><em>\u201cIII. Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal- Komintern\u201d <\/em><\/strong>y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine giren kom\u00fcnistler ve \u00c7etecilikten, hara\u00e7 toplamaktan ve politik cinayet i\u015flemekten ge\u00e7inen \u0130\u00e7 Makedon Devrim \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcnde k\u00fcmelenmi\u015f Makedon komitalar\u0131 \u00c7ift\u00e7i iktidar\u0131na ve liderine hep di\u015f biledi. Bunlar\u0131n zincirleri Moskova\u2019ya ba\u011f\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4207403915\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Bulgarlar kendi Ba\u015fbakanlar\u0131n\u0131n ellerini, g\u00f6zlerini, bacaklar\u0131 ve ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kestiler. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>6 Ekim 1919 \u2013 9 Haziran 1923 tarihleri aras\u0131nda \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 olarak Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 y\u00f6neten Aleksand\u0131r Stanboliyski\u2019nin hayat\u0131na 14 Haziran 1923 tarihinde, do\u011fdu\u011fu k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki baba oca\u011f\u0131nda elleri g\u00f6zleri bacaklar\u0131 da kesilerek, dayan\u0131lmaz i\u015fkencelerden sonra ba\u015f\u0131 kesilip bir torba i\u00e7inde \u00c7ara ve Genel Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmek suretiyle son buldu.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Bu Moskof emirlerine uyan canilerin hi\u00e7birinin cezas\u0131 kesilmedi.<\/em><\/strong> Bunlar hep Moskova taraf\u0131ndan kolland\u0131 ve bu halen devam etmektedir. B\u00f6ylece Bulgaristan\u2019da, t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n tar\u0131m devrimini, ayd\u0131nlanma ve Bulgarlarla karde\u015f olma yolu b\u00f6ylece kesilmi\u015f oldu. O bir halk lideriydi ve \u00f6l\u00fcm haberi alanlar ayakland\u0131, yerel k\u00f6yl\u00fc isyanlar\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131 ve Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 bir askeri darbeden (1925) ikinci askeri darbeye ko\u015ftu (1934).<br \/>\n<strong><em>III. Boris otoriter monar\u015fi diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kurdu,<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\nNazi Almanya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n kuca\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, Bulgar toplumu par\u00e7aland\u0131, y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrecek bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. (Bulgarlar kendi i\u00e7inde de karde\u015f katliamlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdiler)<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tabii ki bu y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk \u2013 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahali hep yaral\u0131 kald\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n 1. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde i\u015fledi\u011fimiz 250 bin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n isimleri ve dinleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 facias\u0131yla akan g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131 oluk oluk ak\u0131yordu.<br \/>\nHac\u0131y\u0131-hocay\u0131 elde edip s\u00fcr\u00fc haline getirilen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 istedikleri gibi kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Burada i\u015flenen cinayetlerin daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00f6rnek vermek isterim;<\/em><\/strong> Pa\u015fmakl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (Smolyan) <strong><em>\u201cTrigrad\u201d<\/em><\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fcnde 1913\u2019te 120\u2019den fazla hac\u0131 vard\u0131r, bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan 70\u2019i se\u00e7ilerek, k\u00f6y\u00fcn medrese binas\u0131na kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve di\u011fer k\u00f6yl\u00fclere g\u00f6zda\u011f\u0131 vermek, onlar\u0131 korkutup hepsini dize getirmek i\u00e7in herkesin g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde diri diri yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<br \/>\n<strong>K\u00f6ylerde e\u015fk\u0131ya \u00e7eteleri kol gezmektedir.<\/strong><br \/>\nGece kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nmayan, koyunu, kuzusu davar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nmayan k\u00f6y hanesi kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nG\u00fcney &#8211; Do\u011fu Rodoplar i\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir bozgun ortam\u0131nda Bulgar \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<br \/>\nVe bu ortamda T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fayabilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131 da kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Birlik ve beraberlik her \u015feyin \u00fcstesinden geldi\u011fini ve \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc daha o zamanlar anlam\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f olduk.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3952371368\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri dikey bir \u00f6rg\u00fct sistemine ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131lar.<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u0130\u015fgal alt\u0131nda bir \u00fclkede bulunan Bulgaristan\u2019da, kendi topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayan ama esir durumunda bulunan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde dikey bir \u00f6rg\u00fct sistemine ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131lar. Osmanl\u0131 devlet ve dini, idari ve ekonomik bir sistem olarak dikey olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctleni\u015ftiler. \u0130mamdan m\u00fcft\u00fcye, eyalet m\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fcne ve \u015eeyhulislama; \u00fcreticiden, tahsildara ve m\u00fclkiye amirine; muhtardan, kaymakama, Valiye ve Bakanl\u0131klara, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa ve Padi\u015faha her alanda dikey bir piramit \u015fah damar\u0131 gibi hanedanl\u0131k boyunca i\u015flemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Pek tabii ki, kendili\u011finden olmak \u00fczere, 1885 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Sofya Prensli\u011fi Osmanl\u0131 devletine vergi \u00f6dedi\u011finden dolay\u0131, bu yap\u0131n\u0131n biraz de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6ren T\u00fcrkler sanki rahats\u0131z olmam\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fler ve bozgunluk yapmam\u0131\u015flar, her zaman <strong><em>\u201c\u0130\u015f Allah d\u00fczelir!\u201d<\/em><\/strong> noktas\u0131nda nefes almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ne var ki, 1885\u2019ten sonra meydana gelen durum de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nce dini yap\u0131lanmas\u0131nda k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik meydana gelmi\u015ftir. O zaman Sofya\u2019da hen\u00fcz Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fc yoktu. Dini i\u015flere bakan Ba\u015fkent Merkez M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fcyd\u00fc. Ve onun da fikri al\u0131narak, ilk kez \u00f6rg\u00fctsel nitelikli bir <strong><em>\u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Dini \u0130darelerine Dair Ge\u00e7ici Y\u00f6netmelik yay\u0131nlan\u0131r\u201d<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu belgede, tepeden tabana giden basamakta<\/strong><br \/>\na) Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fc,<br \/>\nb) \u0130l M\u00fcft\u00fcleri,<br \/>\nc) M\u00fcft\u00fc vekilleri,<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3753968368\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>M\u00fcft\u00fc ve M\u00fcft\u00fc Vekillerinin say\u0131s\u0131 D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Adalet bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir, deniyor. Bulgaristan Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7arl\u0131k D\u00f6neminde ve 1909 \u0130stanbul Protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn imzalanmas\u0131ndan sonra kuruldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 33 Maddelik ilk Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Fakat burada dikkati \u00e7eken unsur, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin akl\u0131ndan ge\u00e7endir.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgarlar baz\u0131 m\u00fcft\u00fcleri maa\u015fa ba\u011flayarak, kurulacak olan dini hiyerar\u015fik yap\u0131lanmay\u0131 tepe takla edip, devlete ba\u011flama plan\u0131 kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>O y\u0131llarda, Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde, Bulgarcada h\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler ad\u0131yla bilinen, T\u00fcrk\u00e7emizde sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 (STK) olarak bildi\u011fimiz \u015fu \u00f6rg\u00fctleme bi\u00e7imleri yayg\u0131nd\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Din kurulu\u015flar\u0131; sendikalar, kar amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen vak\u0131f veya dernekler; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015flar\u0131; meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131; ticari kurulu\u015flar, sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131; gen\u00e7lik dernekleri; spor kul\u00fcb\u00fc dernekleri; siyasi parti; devlet b\u00fcnyesinde yer almayan e\u011fitim sistemi, \u00f6zel okullar ve \u00fcniversiteler vb \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imleri vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>D\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde bu kadar geni\u015f olanaklar varken, Bulgar Prensli\u011finde (1879-1908) \u00f6\u011fretmenlerimizin \u201c\u00d6\u011fretmenler Birli\u011fi\u201d 1906\u2019da \u015eumnu\u2019da, 1907\u2019de Rus\u00e7uk\u2019ta ancak 2 Kongre yapabildiklerine \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131mda i\u015faret etmi\u015ftim.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1064485711\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Fakat ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine geni\u015f dini ve medeni haklar veren Berlin 1878 Anla\u015fmas\u0131; T\u0131rnova Anayasas\u0131 (1879), M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130dari \u0130\u015flerine Dair Ge\u00e7ici Y\u00f6netmelik (1895), 1909 ve 1913 \u0130stanbul Protokolleri ve M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckler S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine ra\u011fmen Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n 32 sene boyunca dini yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirememeleri dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n<p>Nihayet, sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda Sofya\u2019da D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri ve Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 ad\u0131na eski Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fc Kaymakam\u0131 Filibeli Hocazade Sadeddin Efendi ile Rus\u00e7uk M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc Bekir S\u0131dk\u0131 Efendinin de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir komisyon 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgarca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak \u201c<strong>Bulgar \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Kurumlar\u0131n Dini Y\u00f6netim ve \u00d6rg\u00fct T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong>\u201d yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f oldu. T\u00fcz\u00fck bir program niteli\u011finde olup tabandan tepeye \u00f6rg\u00fct bi\u00e7imini hukuksal olarak temellendirse de Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fc\u2019y\u00fc se\u00e7en \u0130L m\u00fcft\u00fcleri, fakat \u0130l M\u00fcft\u00fcleri Bulgar devleti taraf\u0131ndan atand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n daha ilk \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine devlet kontrol sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oluyordu. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar devlet kontrol\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Evet, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin lider meselelerini sivil \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda aramaya devam edece\u011fiz. Bilgi payla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7o\u011falan bir hazinedir.<br \/>\nBildiklerinizi kendinize saklamak (bencillik, egoistlik) yerine, payla\u015fmak \u00f6\u011fretmek hem sizin bildi\u011finiz konu hakk\u0131nda bildiklerinizi tekrar etmenize, hem de \u00f6\u011fretti\u011finiz ki\u015finin sizin bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, g\u00f6remedi\u011finiz \u015feyleri bulup size \u00f6\u011fretmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu y\u00fczden bilgi payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a artar. Payla\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise yerinde sayar, geli\u015fim g\u00f6steremez.<\/p>\n<p>Okuyanlara ve \u00f6zellikle payla\u015fanlara te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1201356510\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rafet ULUT\u00dcRK Tarih: 10 Ekim 2021 \u00d6rg\u00fctlenmeye ve kimli\u011fimize g\u00f6t\u00fcren do\u011fru yol! Bizler Bulgaristan&#8217;da kalan T\u00fcrkler Osmanl\u0131 Devletinden kopar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden bir ortak karara varmadan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":55257,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/rafet-uluturkk24.jpg?fit=514%2C464&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-enb","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55253"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55253\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}