{"id":42198,"date":"2019-11-22T23:00:18","date_gmt":"2019-11-22T20:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=42198"},"modified":"2019-11-22T23:36:56","modified_gmt":"2019-11-22T20:36:56","slug":"besarabyayi-ve-orada-yasayan-bulgarlari-kitapta-anlatti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/besarabyayi-ve-orada-yasayan-bulgarlari-kitapta-anlatti\/","title":{"rendered":"Besarabya\u2019y\u0131 ve orada ya\u015fayan Bulgarlar\u0131 kitapta anlatt\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ulah voyvodalar\u0131 Besarabya Hanedan\u0131ndan ad\u0131n\u0131 alan Besarabya b\u00f6lgesi 10. Y\u00fczy\u0131l sonuna kadar Bulgaristan topraklar\u0131na aitmi\u015f. Ard\u0131ndan bu topraklar Kumanlar, Pe\u00e7enekler ve Mo\u011follar taraf\u0131ndan istila edilir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha sonra 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda topraklara Besaraplar yerle\u015fir. 1812 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu topraklar Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun par\u00e7as\u0131 olur. Yambol, Sliven, Karnobat\u2019tan Bulgarlar\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\u011fine dair belgeler ise, 18.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131na ait. 1774 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra Bulgarlar\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Bir yandan bu insanlar Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ka\u00e7ar, \u00f6te yandan Rusya her yeni gelen aileye \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu kullan\u0131m izniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak arazileri sa\u011flar, k\u0131rsal kesimlerde bu yeni gelecek Bulgarlar 30 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle vergiden muaf b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r, \u015fehirlere yerle\u015fecek olanlar ise 5 y\u0131l vergi \u00f6demez.<\/p>\n<p>Oraya g\u00f6\u00e7 edecek Bulgarlar ev kurmak i\u00e7in de Rusya devletinden yard\u0131m s\u00f6z\u00fc al\u0131r. Bu topraklara gelince insanlar u\u00e7suz, bucaks\u0131z d\u00fczl\u00fck ova, dikenli, \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131, hi\u00e7bir zaman i\u015flenmemi\u015f arazilere rastlar. Buraya g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Bulgarlar ummal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve azimle \u0131ss\u0131z arazileri verimli topraklara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr, meyve, sebze, bu\u011fday ekerek cennet bah\u00e7esine \u00e7evirir. Bu insanlar memleketleri Bulgaristan\u2019a sonsuz bir sevgi ve hasret besler, bir\u00e7o\u011fu onu hi\u00e7 ziyaret etmemi\u015f olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, onu \u201cvatan\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle tabir eder.<\/p>\n<p>Moldova ve Ukrayna topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan \u201cBesarabya Bulgarlar\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan toplulu\u011fun tarihini Elisaveta Belobradova \u201cBesarabya ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda yazd\u0131. Belobradova, b\u00f6lgede yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 dokuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck gezisini kitaptaki sayfalara yans\u0131tt\u0131:<\/p>\n<p><em>Gezime Romanya\u2019dan Bulgar tarihiyle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olan \u015fehirlerden ba\u015flad\u0131m. Besarabya\u2019da \u00e7ok duygusal anlar ya\u015fad\u0131m. Ukrayna\u2019da a\u00e7l\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f 94 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir Bulgar kad\u0131n\u0131yla konu\u015ftum. Gladomor ad\u0131 verilen A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Y\u0131l\u0131ndan on y\u0131l sonra Besarabya\u2019da da b\u00f6yle k\u0131tl\u0131k olur. Bulgarlar\u0131n \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyeti ellerinden al\u0131n\u0131r, hayvanlar\u0131, tarlalar\u0131na devlet el koyar, erkekler Sibirya\u2019ya bir y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir ve insanlar a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lmeye ba\u015flar.<\/em><\/p><div id=\"bghab-4152451111\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.bnr.bg\/gallery\/cr\/0c0b3b0d5b09d61763a831532d689247.png?w=640\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Elisaveta, Besarabya Bulgarlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda dinledi\u011fi efsaneler, hikayeler, ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcleri ard\u0131ndan bu topraklar\u0131 ziyaret etmeye karar verir. \u201cBas\u0131nda okuduklar\u0131mdan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 duygular ya\u015fad\u0131m bu insanlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131nca\u201d diyor Elisaveta.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ki\u015filerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 art\u0131k Bulgarca \u00f6\u011frenebilir, ancak Moldova ve Ukrayna\u2019da d\u00fczenlemeler farkl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor:<\/p>\n<p><em>Moldova\u2019da hi\u00e7bir sorun yok- her yerde Bulgarca okunuyor, fakat okullar \u201cMoldova okulu\u201d diye ge\u00e7iyor. Bulgar dili ikinci dil olarak \u00f6\u011fretiliyor, Rus dili resmi dil olarak b\u00fct\u00fcn dersler Rus\u00e7a okutuluyor. Ukrayna\u2019da durum farkl\u0131. Orada\u00a0<\/em>Bulgar lisesinin kendi \u00f6zerkli\u011fi var.\u00a0<em>Ukrayna, Rus dilinin m\u00fcfredattan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar var. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n kendi dilini \u00f6\u011frenmeye ve bu dilde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeye itirazlar\u0131 yok. Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n Rusya etkisini azaltma hedefleri ba\u011flam\u0131nda buna izin veriliyor.\u00a0<\/em><em>\u0130kinci dil olarak Bulgarcaya i\u015faret eden Bulgar \u00f6\u011frencileri Rus\u00e7adan muaf tutuluyor. Bu \u00e7ocuklar okulda Bulgarca, Ukrayna dilince ve yabanc\u0131 Bat\u0131 dilinde okuyor.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Besarabya b\u00f6lgesinde altyap\u0131 ve kara yollar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc durumu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun. Kendi mallar\u0131n\u0131n serbest dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in yollar \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Ticareti i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemli ko\u015ful olarak otobanlar\u0131n eksikli\u011fi bu insanlar\u0131n elini, kolunu ba\u011fl\u0131yor. Bu sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ise Ukrayna h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin iradesine ba\u011fl\u0131. Besarabya Bulgarlar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin onlar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131na kulak vermedi\u011finden yak\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1222121542\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>BNR<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-2904981876\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ulah voyvodalar\u0131 Besarabya Hanedan\u0131ndan ad\u0131n\u0131 alan Besarabya b\u00f6lgesi 10. Y\u00fczy\u0131l sonuna kadar Bulgaristan topraklar\u0131na aitmi\u015f. Ard\u0131ndan bu topraklar Kumanlar, Pe\u00e7enekler ve Mo\u011follar taraf\u0131ndan istila edilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":42200,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,1],"tags":[2644,1028,30,261,262,292],"class_list":["post-42198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim","category-haberler","tag-besarabya","tag-bulgar","tag-bulgaristan","tag-moldova","tag-romanya","tag-ukrayna"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Besarabya%E2%80%99y%C4%B1-ve-orada-ya%C5%9Fayan-Bulgarlar%C4%B1-kitapta-anlatt%C4%B1.png?fit=925%2C520&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-aYC","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42198"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42198\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}