{"id":40010,"date":"2019-08-01T20:04:42","date_gmt":"2019-08-01T18:04:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=40010"},"modified":"2019-08-04T00:40:11","modified_gmt":"2019-08-03T22:40:11","slug":"turk-cocuklar-turkce-dersine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/turk-cocuklar-turkce-dersine\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk \u00c7ocuklar T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Dersine!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tarih: 1 A\u011fustos 2019-08-01<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>Haz\u0131rlayan: Oya Canbazo\u011flu<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>Konu: \u00c7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z cahil kal\u0131rsa bize gelecek haramd\u0131r<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>Yerel se\u00e7imlerin ana konusu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan h\u00fckumeti 1998\u2019de imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ulusal Az\u0131nl\u0131klar Haklar\u0131 Savunma \u00c7er\u00e7eve Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 bir gere\u011fi olarak 1999\u2019da Asgari Genel E\u011fitim ve E\u011fitim Plan\u0131 Yasas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yasada ana dilinin, zorunlu se\u00e7meli haz\u0131rl\u0131k dersleri olarak zorunlu e\u011fitim \u00a0program\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde okutulmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yasan\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015fmelere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin<\/p>\n<p>e\u011fitimi stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn e\u011fitim plan\u0131na giren bir ders olmas\u0131 ve giderlerin belediye b\u00fct\u00e7esi taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil de devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esi taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131cabu yasada ana dili olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitiminin kademeli olarak 1. s\u0131n\u0131ftan 12. s\u0131n\u0131fa kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmesi hakk\u0131 kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Chakar\u00a02001).<\/p>\n<p>28 May\u0131s 2001\u2019de Bulgaristan E\u011fitim ve Bilim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6 numaral\u0131 genelge yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015f ve bu genelgede ilk veorta dereceli okullarda okutulan dersleri ve bu derslerin saat say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 genelge ile okullarda okutulan dersleri zorunlu okutulmas\u0131 gereken dersler, zorunlu se\u00e7meli dersler ve se\u00e7meli dersler olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131flamada T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersi zorunlu se\u00e7meli dersler ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra haftal\u0131k d\u00f6rt saat olan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders saati say\u0131s\u0131 2., 3. ve 4. s\u0131n\u0131flarda iki ders saatine, 1., 5., 6., 7. ve 8. s\u0131n\u0131flarda ise \u00fc\u00e7 ders saatine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersine kat\u0131lmak isteyen \u00f6\u011frencilerden her d\u00f6nem ba\u015f\u0131nda dilek\u00e7e toplanmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011funun devam ettirilmesi karar\u0131 da al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131rcaali, Burgas, \u015eumnu, Razgrad, Rus\u00e7uk, Dobri\u00e7 ve Silistre \u0130l Milli E\u011fitim M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinde an<\/p>\n<p>a dili m\u00fcfetti\u015fleri kadrosu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bakanl\u0131\u011fa da bir m\u00fcfetti\u015f atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcfetti\u015fler \u00f6\u011fretmenleri denetlemelerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6\u011fretmenlere rehberlik yapmak ve hizmet i\u00e7i e\u011fitim kurslar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeyi de \u00fcstlenmi\u015flerdir. Bulgar ve T\u00fcrk makamlar i\u015fbirli\u011fine giderek \u00e7e\u015fitli seminerler d\u00fczenlemi\u015f<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4103562829\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>; ancak, 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda ana dili m\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fi kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n devlet taraf\u0131ndan kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ile bu uygulamalara son verilmi\u015ftir (Bekir 2011).<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-2636980409\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>D\u00f6nemin Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Hareketi Genel Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 L\u00fctfi Mestan, 2012\u2019de meclis e\u011fitim komisyonunda \u201chaftada d\u00f6rt \u00a0saat mecburi ana dili dersi yap\u0131l\u0131r\u201d \u00f6nerisinde bulunmu\u015f ancak bu \u00f6neri Bulgar E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan reddedilmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki yasaya g\u00f6re mecburi se\u00e7meli dersler kapsam\u0131nda bulunan ana dili dersi haftada \u00fc\u00e7 saat, se\u00e7meli ders olarak da al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde bu s\u00fcre haftada d\u00f6rt saate kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Ana dili olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u0130branice, Ermenice ve Romanca dersler<\/p>\n<p>de verilmektedir. 2012 Bulgar E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re 7,34 milyon n\u00fcfusa sahip Bulgaristan\u2019da ana dili dersini se\u00e7en \u00f6\u011frencilerin say\u0131s\u0131 11.068\u2019dir. Bu \u00f6\u011frencilerin 10.612\u2019si T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, 216\u2019s\u0131 Ermenice, 117\u2019si \u0130branice, 14\u2019\u00fc Yunanca, 13\u2019\u00fc ise Rumence dersini se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Uluslararas\u0131 Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u0130leti\u015fimler Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\u2019nin Temmuz 2012\u2019de yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapora g\u00f6re 1992-93\u2019te 114 bin \u00f6\u011frenci ana dili dersini se\u00e7erken bu rakam\u0131n<\/p>\n<p>O tarihte 11 bine kadar geriledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Radoykov 2012). 2014-2015 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00f6neminde Bulgaristan genelinde ana<\/p>\n<p>Dili dersi kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersini se\u00e7en \u00f6\u011frencilerin say\u0131s\u0131 7 bindir. Bu rakam\u0131n 4-5 bini g\u00fcneyde K\u0131rcaali ve Hask\u00f6y illerinde, geri kalan\u0131 ise kuzeyde \u015eumnu, Razgrad, Varna, Silistre, Dobri\u00e7, Rus\u00e7uk, Sliven ve Targovi\u015fte\u2019deki okullarda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren \u00f6\u011frencilerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 1992\u2019de 114 bin olan bu rakam\u0131n 2015\u2019te 7 bine kadar gerilemesi T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin Bulgaristan\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etmektedir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2402855665\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00d6\u011fretmeni Yeti\u015ftirme Meselesi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmeni yeti\u015ftirmek<\/p>\n<p>gayesiyle pek \u00e7ok say\u0131da kurum ve kurulu\u015f faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmeni yeti\u015ftiren \u00fc\u00e7 kurum bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar Sofya \u00dcniversitesi, Plovdiv \u00dcniversitesi ve \u015eumen \u00dcniversitesi b\u00fcnyesindeki Filoloji Fak\u00fclteleri\u2019nin alt bilimdallar\u0131 olarak hizmet vermektedirler. Sofya (Kliment Ohridski) \u00dcniversitesi T\u00fcrk Filolojisi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/p>\n<p>1952-1953 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1959-1974 d\u00f6neminde hem T\u00fcrkoloji ve Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi alan\u0131nda uzmanlar yeti\u015ftirmek hem de T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 derslerini verebilecek \u00f6\u011fretmenler yeti\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrk Filolojisi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00f6\u011fretim plan\u0131 T\u00fcrkoloji\u2019nin usul ve esaslar\u0131na dayal\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bulgaristan\u2019daki totaliter rejimin T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131 kapatmas\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmen ihtiyac\u0131 da azalm\u0131\u015f dolay\u0131s\u0131yla pek \u00e7ok T\u00fcrk Filolojisi mezunu a\u00e7\u0131kta kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in 1973\u2019te b\u00f6l\u00fcm T\u00fcrkoloji dal\u0131na kayd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-354405394\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1973-1974 ile 1981-1982 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00f6nemleri aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcme \u00f6\u011frenci kabul edilmemi\u015ftir. 1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcm yeniden d\u00fczenlenerek T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, T\u00fcrkoloji\u2019nin alt\u0131nda bir bilim dal\u0131 olmu\u015ftur (Boev\u2019den aktaran Aydo\u011fdu 2011).<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3743235593\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Plovdiv (Paisii Hilendarski) \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Filoloji Fak\u00fcltesi \u00a0b\u00fcnyesinde T\u00fcrk Dili ve Bulgarca B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. 2009-2010 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenci al\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanan bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bitiren \u00f6\u011frenciler hem T\u00fcrk\u00e7e hem de Bulgarca \u00f6\u011fretmeni olmaya hak kazanabilmektedirler. 2008\u2019de Filibe\u2019ye ta\u015f\u0131nan bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm daha \u00f6nce 1951\u2019de K\u0131rcaali merkezinde a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, baz\u0131 y\u0131llar kapal\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015fsa da 2008\u2019e kadar burada hizmet vermi\u015ftir. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn mevcut \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f kademelerine g\u00f6re \u015f\u00f6yledir: 1. s\u0131n\u0131fta 32, 2. s\u0131n\u0131fta 31, 3. s\u0131n\u0131fta 26, 4. s\u0131n\u0131fta ise 13 \u00f6\u011frenci. S\u0131n\u0131f d\u00fczeyi ilerledik\u00e7e mevcutlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesinin nedeni Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersini se\u00e7en \u00f6\u011frencilerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n giderek<\/p>\n<p>azalmas\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmenine duyulan ihtiyac\u0131 da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla d\u00f6rt y\u0131l lisans \u00f6\u011frenimi g\u00f6r\u00fcp de ard\u0131ndan i\u015f bulamama korkusu, birinci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frencileri farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere yatay ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmak zorunda b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sumen (Piskopos Konstantin Preslavski) \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Filoloji Fak\u00fcltesi b\u00fcnyesinde T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1992\u2019de kurulan b\u00f6l\u00fcmde biri profes\u00f6r, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc do\u00e7ent, ikisi yard\u0131mc\u0131 do\u00e7ent ve \u00fc\u00e7 de ara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revlisi olmak \u00fczere 9 \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131 g\u00f6rev yapmaktad\u0131r. Trakya \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden de b\u00f6l\u00fcme ders vermeye gelen \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Fak\u00fcltede ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-Almanca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-Rus\u00e7a b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri de mevcuttur. Buralardan mezun olan \u00f6\u011frenciler bir y\u0131l pedagojik e\u011fitim ald\u0131ktan sonra her<\/p>\n<p>iki dilde de \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapabilme hakk\u0131 kazanmaktad\u0131rlar. Ayr\u0131ca bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki pek \u00e7ok \u00fcniversite ile Erasmus Protokol\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenci al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulunmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131flara g\u00f6re; 1. s\u0131n\u0131fta 15, 2. s\u0131n\u0131fta 7, 3. s\u0131n\u0131fta 17 ve 4. s\u0131n\u0131fta 10 \u00f6\u011frenci lisans \u00f6\u011frenimine devam etmektedir. B\u00f6l\u00fcmde y\u00fcksek lisans program\u0131 mevcuttur.<\/p>\n<p>Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcme yerle\u015febilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenciler T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden farkl\u0131 dillerden yap\u0131lan s\u0131navlara girmektedirler. Bu durumun nedeni, Bulgaristan liselerinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitim yap\u0131lamamas\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin liselerde se\u00e7meli ders olarak dahi okutulamamas\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hi\u00e7 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmeyen \u00f6\u011frenciler de bu b\u00f6l\u00fcme yerle\u015febilmektedirler. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu gibi durumlarda 1. s\u0131n\u0131fa ge\u00e7meden a\u00e7\u0131lan \u2018haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131\u2019 uygulamas\u0131 Bulgaristan \u00fcniversitelerinde yoktur. \u00d6\u011frenciler, \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 bu a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 normal m\u00fcfredatta her d\u00f6nem yer alan \u2018Uygulamal\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019 dersi ile kapatmaya \u00e7abalamaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 dersleri hem T\u00fcrk\u00e7e hem de Bulgarca anlatmaktad\u0131rlar. Mezun olan \u00f6\u011frenciler genellikle \u00e7eviri ve turizm alanlar\u0131nda i\u015f \u00a0bulabilmektedirler. \u00d6\u011fretmen olabilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 bu i\u015f alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3982142815\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Ders Kitab\u0131 Meselesi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da totaliter rejimin 1989\u2019da devrilmesinin ard\u0131ndan gelen demokrasi ortam\u0131nda ilk ve orta dereceli okullarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersinin se\u00e7meli olarak okutulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersinin m\u00fcfredata eklenmesinin ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders kitab\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ihtiyac\u0131 giderebilmek i\u00e7in Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak destekledi\u011fi Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Hareketi (DPS) siyaset alan\u0131nda sorumluluk \u00fcstlenmi\u015f, kitaplar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir. Kurulan komisyon ilkokul ve ortaokul d\u00fczeyinde her s\u0131n\u0131f kademesi i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders kitaplar\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak haz\u0131rlanan bu kitaplar Bulgar devlet makamlar\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6zellikle maddi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar nedeniyle bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc bas\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u00a0\u00a0(Yenisoy 2007). Kitaplar\u0131n bas\u0131lamamas\u0131 \u00fczerine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den yard\u0131m istenmi\u015ftir. Yard\u0131mda bulunmay\u0131 kabul eden T\u00fcrkiye kitaplar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00a0bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu basm\u0131\u015f ve Bulgaristan\u2019a kitaplar\u0131 hibe etmi\u015ftir. Bulgaristan E\u011fitim ve Bilim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 24.07.1992 tarihini ta\u015f\u0131yan 2 numaral\u0131 protokolle \u00f6zel bir komisyon taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan ve i\u00e7erisinde Bulgar ve T\u00fcrk yazarlara ait metinlerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 11 ders\u00a0kitab\u0131 1992-1993 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Memi\u015fo\u011flu 2002).<\/p>\n<p>20 y\u0131l aradan sonra ilk kez 2013\u2019te 2, 3 ve 4. s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders kitaplar\u0131 yenilenmi\u015ftir. 1992\u2019de bas\u0131lan kitaplar g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitireli epey olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerden dolay\u0131 Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders kitaplar\u0131 bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc yenilenememi\u015ftir. Kuzey ve Do\u011fu Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00d6\u011fretmenleri Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Emine Halil ve Sumen (\u015eumnu) Ana Dili M\u00fcfetti\u015flerinden Fikriye H\u00fcseyin (4. s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan kitapta Sevim \u00d6merova\u2019n\u0131n da katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r) taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan Veliko T\u0131rnovo\u2019da Faber Yay\u0131nevi\u2019nin bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n 2013-2014 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00f6neminden itibaren illere g\u00f6nderilerek okullarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersini se\u00e7en \u00f6\u011frencilere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eimdilik 2, 3 ve 4. s\u0131n\u0131flardaki \u00f6\u011frenciler bu de\u011fi\u015fimden yararlanabilmi\u015f, di\u011fer kademelerde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren \u00f6\u011frencilerin de g\u00fcncellenmi\u015f ders kitaplar\u0131na kavu\u015fabilmeleri i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcrmektedir. 1992\u2019de bas\u0131lan ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirmesinin yan\u0131nda pek \u00e7o\u011fu da y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f ve da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle k\u00f6ylerdeki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n tek ba\u015fvurabilecekleri kaynak olan ders kitaplar\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 had safhadad\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131f ortamlar\u0131nda ya sadece \u00f6\u011fretmende ya da bir -iki \u00f6\u011frencide kitap bulunmakta, dersler bu \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 2007\u2019de Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne tam \u00fcye olmu\u015f Bulgaristan\u2019da 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu manzaran\u0131n ya\u015fan\u0131yor olmas\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin ve T\u00fcrklerin Bulgaristan\u2019daki gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan endi\u015fe\u00a0vericidir.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-502805816\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>G\u00f6\u00e7e Dayal\u0131 Meseleler <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n 2007\u2019de Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne tam \u00fcye olmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Bulgar vatanda\u015flar\u0131 AB i\u00e7inde serbest dola\u015f\u0131m hakk\u0131 elde etmi\u015ftir. Bu hak, Bulgaristan ekonomisinin uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r kendisini toparlayamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 t\u00fcm Bulgar vatanda\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00a0b\u00fcy\u00fck bir f\u0131rsat olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00c7ok say\u0131da Bulgar vatanda\u015f\u0131 ailelerini geride b\u0131rakarak Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n zengin \u00fclkelerine i\u015f bulup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak maksad\u0131yla da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc de \u00a0bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 dede ve ninelerine b\u0131rakarak \u00f6nce<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2857862795\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>erkekler, artlar\u0131ndan da e\u015fleri Bulgaristan\u2019dan farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015flerdir. Anne-\u00a0babadan yoksun kalan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n psikolojileri ister istemez etkilenmekte, bu durum \u00f6\u011frenim hayatlar\u0131na da olumsuz yans\u0131maktad\u0131r. Dede ve nineler torunlar\u0131yla ilgilenmeye \u00e7abalasalar da \u00a0bir noktadan sonra onlar\u0131n da \u00e7abas\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n e\u011fitim, \u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin isteklerininy\u00fckseltilmesine yetmemektedir. Bu nedenlerden \u00a0dolay\u0131 Bulgar ya\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n gerisinde kalan T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 akademik bir \u00a0ba\u015far\u0131 elde edemeden sistemden ayr\u0131lmakta, bu da gelecekte onlar\u0131n toplumun alt katmanlar\u0131nda yer almalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00f6ylerden kentlere ya\u015fanan g\u00f6\u00e7ler de T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitim hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilemektedir. Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusun geneli k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6y okullar\u0131nda yeteri d\u00fczeyde \u00f6\u011frenci ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmeni bulundu\u011fundan okullarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersi daha rahat ortamlarda okutulabilmekte iken \u015fehirlerde bu durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. K\u00f6yden \u015fehre ta\u015f\u0131nan T\u00fcrkler \u015fehirdeki kalabal\u0131k Bulgar n\u00fcfusu aras\u0131nda erimekte, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini ve ana dillerini koruyup kullanmakta zorluklar ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. T\u00fcrklerin k\u00f6ylerden kentlere, kalabal\u0131k Bulgar n\u00fcfusun aras\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 Bulgaristan devletinin bilin\u00e7li y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir eritme \u00a0politikas\u0131d\u0131r. Terk edilen k\u00f6ylerdeki okullar bir bir kapat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Di\u011fer Meseleler <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersleri se\u00e7meli dersler stat\u00fcs\u00fcndedir. <\/strong>Bulgaristan yasalar\u0131 gere\u011fince bir okulda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersinin a\u00e7\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in d\u00f6nem ba\u015f\u0131nda 13 velinin imzal\u0131 dilek\u00e7esi gerekmektedir. \u015eehir merkezlerindeki \u00f6\u011frenci velileri, genellikle Bulgar okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin y\u00f6nlendirmesi ile ders se\u00e7me haklar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden yana de\u011fil de \u0130ngilizce, Matematik, Bulgarca vb. gibi derslerden yana kullanmaktad\u0131rlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla velilerde T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin \u00f6nemi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00a0bir bilin\u00e7sizlik g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r. Bulgaristan genelinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e derslerinin okutuldu\u011fu okullar\u0131n tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6y ve il\u00e7e merkezlerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. <strong>Veliler 13 imzal\u0131 dilek\u00e7eyi temin etmi\u015f olsalar bile \u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 okul m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00a0\u00a0yetkisindedir. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Okulda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersini verebilecek \u00f6\u011fretmen olmamas\u0131n\u0131, okul b\u00fct\u00e7esinin yetersizli\u011fini \u00f6ne <strong>s\u00fcrerek okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri, velilere ba\u015fka bir dersi se\u00e7meleri <\/strong><strong>hususunda bask\u0131 yapabilmektedirler.<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-43246680\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-2408112626\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7:<\/p>\n<p>Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u2018T\u00fcrk demek T\u00fcrk\u00e7e demektir\u2019 \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6z\u00fcnden hareketle Balkan co\u011frafyas\u0131 T\u00fcrklerle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayn\u0131 zamanda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak gelinen noktada Bulgaristan\u2019da 1992\u2019de 114 bin \u00e7ocu\u011fun se\u00e7ti\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersini 2014\u2019te 7 bin \u00f6\u011frencinin se\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131 hayli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye g\u00f6sterilen ilgi g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne azalmaktad\u0131r. Bulgaristan ile T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin yapaca\u011f\u0131 ikili anla\u015fmalar ile \u00f6zellikle T\u0130KA, Yunus Emre Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc vb. merkezlerin bir an evvel Bulgaristan\u2019da kurulmas\u0131, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini, dillerini, \u00a0gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklerini koruyup geli\u015ftirebilmeleri ad\u0131na at\u0131lacak \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Bulgaristan\u2019daki k\u0131rtasiyelerde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir \u00f6yk\u00fc kitab\u0131 dahi bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/strong> Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrk k\u00f6ylerinde yer alan okullara kitapl\u0131klar kurulmal\u0131, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00a0kitaplar g\u00f6nderilerek buralara hediye edilmelidir. Ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirmesi T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersine olan<\/p>\n<p>isteklerini k\u00f6reltmekte, ilgilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir. Ders kitaplar\u0131 sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in yetkili Bulgar makamlar ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yoluna<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4288041042\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>gidilmeli, \u00a0Bulgar makamlar\u0131nca \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek maddi kaynakl\u0131 \u00a0bahaneler T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmenlerine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de verilen hizmet i\u00e7i e\u011fitim seminerlerinin say\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmenler aras\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fi te\u015fvik edilmelidir. Siyaset alan\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck temsilcisi olan Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Hareketi\u2019ne de b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6revler d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. AB \u00fcyesi Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrklerin sahip olmas\u0131 gereken pek \u00e7ok hak hala devlet\u00e7e gasp edilmektedir. Se\u00e7im d\u00f6nemlerinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e propaganda dahi yapmak Bulgaristan\u2019da h\u00e2l\u00e2 yasakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Balkanlardaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusu (1 milyona yak\u0131n) b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin gelece\u011fi karanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Okudu\u011funuz i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<br \/>\nArkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilgilendiriniz.<br \/>\nPayla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-3236661320\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 1 A\u011fustos 2019-08-01 Haz\u0131rlayan: Oya Canbazo\u011flu Konu: \u00c7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z cahil kal\u0131rsa bize gelecek haramd\u0131r Yerel se\u00e7imlerin ana konusu Bulgaristan h\u00fckumeti 1998\u2019de imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ulusal Az\u0131nl\u0131klar Haklar\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":36247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/oya-32.jpg?fit=220%2C300&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-apk","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40010"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40010\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}