{"id":38509,"date":"2019-07-13T22:40:03","date_gmt":"2019-07-13T20:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=38509"},"modified":"2019-07-14T00:46:48","modified_gmt":"2019-07-13T22:46:48","slug":"denge-kurma-zamani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/denge-kurma-zamani\/","title":{"rendered":"Denge Kurma Zaman\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 12 Temmuz 2019<br \/>\nYazan: Av. Seniha Rasim SABR\u0130<br \/>\nKonu:\u00a0 <strong>Anayasan\u0131n \u00f6teki ad\u0131 Toplum S\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Her i\u015fin bir ayar\u0131 ve dengesi vard\u0131r.\u00a0 Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015findeki dengeli ve dengesiz devirler ilgin\u00e7tir. Bulgarlar,\u00a0 \u00f6mr\u00fc 1 300 y\u0131ldan uzun devletimiz var derken, \u00a0800 seneden beri Bizans, Osmanl\u0131, Almanlar ve Ruslar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netildiler.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u00f6netimlerin de d\u0131\u015f dengeleri vard\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 dengeleri i\u00e7 \u00e7eli\u015fkilerin ayarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarken, d\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahale bazen i\u00e7 dengeye oturur ve egemen olur. XX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u2019da Bulgaristan\u2019da son olarak i\u015faret edilen durum Rusya, Almanya, sonra yine Rusya ve Almanya ve sonunda Birle\u015fik Amerika \u00e7\u00f6reklenmesiyle kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Durumun vaziyeti b\u00f6yle olunca Anayasa bir demokrasi perdesi (maskesi) rol\u00fc g\u00f6rmekten ileri gidemez. Bulgaristan, Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra 4 Anayasa de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. \u00a0Bunlar\u0131n her birinin farkl\u0131 rolleri vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p><div id=\"bghab-379360119\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-1229965070\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nce Anayasaya bir bakal\u0131m. Nedir, ne de\u011fildir?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Anayasa i\u00e7in temel kural ve ilkelerin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr diyebiliriz. T\u00fcm \u00f6nemli \u015feyler gibi anayasa maddelerinin de ilk \u00f6nce ta\u015flara yontuldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorum. Irak\u2019ta yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda,<strong> M.\u00d6 2300 y\u0131l\u0131nda S\u00fcmerler\u2019de Laga\u015f \u015fehir devleti kral\u0131 Urukagina taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan en eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 kanunlar\u0131n<\/strong> kan\u0131tlar\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur. M.\u00d6. 621\u2019de Draco adl\u0131 bir katip, Atina \u015eehir Devletinin ac\u0131mas\u0131z s\u00f6zl\u00fc yasalar\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 hale getirmi\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Anayasa, bir ticaret kanunu, vergi yasas\u0131, deniz veya havac\u0131l\u0131k hukuku de\u011fil, onlar\u0131n hepsinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde olan ve adaletin ana dayana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. O, yere ve zamana g\u00f6re, toplumsal ili\u015fkilere de\u011fi\u015fen kurallar koyma, d\u00fczen sa\u011flama gere\u011finden do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Bu bak\u0131ma Anayasalar k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 veya \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Yenid\u00fcnyada ilk Anayasa 1781\u2019de Birle\u015fik Amerika\u2019da kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu esas \u00fczerindeki geli\u015fmeye dayanan ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Abraham Lincoln 1854 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201c<strong>\u00f6zg\u00fcrce do\u011fan b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar e\u015fittir<\/strong>\u201d demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Eski k\u0131t&#8217;ada Toplumsal S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6t\u00fcren ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakan Jean-Jacques Rousseau; (1743-1826). <strong>Toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/strong> veya <strong>sosyal s\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/strong>; bireylerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzla%C5%9Fma\">uzla\u015fma<\/a>, baz\u0131 kurallara uymak \u00fczerinde anla\u015fma ve birbirlerini \u015fiddet, sahtekarl\u0131k veya dikkatsizlikten korumak i\u00e7in birle\u015ftirdi\u011fini varsayan bir kavramd\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar aras\u0131ndaki kullan\u0131m\u0131, insanlar\u0131n bir <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Devlet\">devlete<\/a> ya da <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otorite\">otoriteye<\/a> ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131ndan <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hukukun_%C3%BCst%C3%BCnl%C3%BC%C4%9F%C3%BC\">hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/a> anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile vazge\u00e7meleridir. Y\u00f6netilenler taraf\u0131ndan, bir tak\u0131m baz\u0131 kurallar ile y\u00f6netilme \u00fczerine anla\u015fma olarak da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bunun ba\u015fka bir ad\u0131ysa ANAYSA\u2019d\u0131r. Anayasal d\u00fczen ise, anayasal monar\u015fi, liberal demokrasi ve cumhuriyet\u00e7ili\u011fin temelini haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2560327651\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>***<br \/>\nBug\u00fcn g\u00fcnlerden 13 Temmuz 2019\u2019dur.\u00a0 Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan III. Bulgar Devleti\u2019nin do\u011faca\u011f\u0131 1878 Berlin Konferans\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na 141 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bu g\u00fcn ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O g\u00fcne kadar Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan hi\u00e7bir uluslar aras\u0131 konferansta, konferans karar\u0131nda, Manifesto ve bildiride BULGAR\u0130STAN ad\u0131 ge\u00e7memi\u015fti. S\u00f6zde Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 \u201c<strong>kurtarmaya<\/strong>\u201d gelen Rusya \u00c7ar\u0131 bile hi\u00e7bir resmi evrakta BULGAR\u0130STAN dememi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c93 Harbinden\u201d\u00a0 sonra Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile Rusya \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda imzalanan (3 Mart 1878) San Stefano ge\u00e7ici Protokol\u00fc ile bar\u0131\u015f sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, fakat Bulgarlar i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi bir hayal olan bir yalan olarak ortada kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Berlin Konferans\u0131\u2019ndan \u00f6nce (Haziran 1878)\u00a0 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Londra B\u00fcy\u00fck El\u00e7isi ile Britanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda var\u0131lan bir Anla\u015fma\u2019da Kuzey Bulgaristan eyaletinde Bir <strong>Bulgar Prensli\u011fi<\/strong>, G\u00fcneyde ise \u201c<strong>Do\u011fu Rumeli<\/strong>\u201d otonom b\u00f6lgesi kurulmas\u0131na \u00f6nceden karar verilmi\u015fti. Bu karar Berlin Konferans\u0131nda onayland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>***<br \/>\nBulgaristan\u2019la ilgili bu karara y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in T\u0131rnovo B\u00fcy\u00fck Halk Meclisi Kaymakam Kona\u011f\u0131nda topland\u0131 ve 12 Temmuz 1879 tarihinde Birinci Anayasay\u0131 onaylad\u0131.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-3560799407\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan Anayasal Monar\u015fi ilan edildi. <\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-356168794\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>12 Temmuz 2019\u2019da Sofya halk meclisinde ANAYASA T\u00d6REN\u0130 d\u00fczenlenecekti. . T\u00f6ren g\u00fcn\u00fc, 240 milletvekilinden 121\u2019i kay\u0131t yapt\u0131rmad\u0131, \u00e7o\u011funluk sa\u011flanamad\u0131,\u00a0 3. ANAYASA G\u00dcN\u00dc vesilesiyle t\u00f6rensel toplant\u0131 ve kutlama yap\u0131lamad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda ANAYA G\u00dcN\u00dc meclisin kutsal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir yasama organ\u0131 olan meclisin temel \u00f6devi Anayasa\u2019ya uygun yasa ve kararlarla memleketi y\u00f6netmektir. B\u00f6yle \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcnde \u00e7o\u011funluk sa\u011flanamamas\u0131, Bulgaristan\u2019daki kaidenin \u201c<strong>it \u00fcr\u00fcr, kervan y\u00fcr\u00fcr<\/strong>\u201d usul\u00fcnce tepindi\u011fi izlenimini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdiki Anayasam\u0131z, 140 y\u0131ll\u0131k III. Bulgar devletinin 4. Temel kanunudur. \u00a01990 Haziran\u0131nda se\u00e7ilen B\u00fcy\u00fck Halk Meclisinde haz\u0131rlan\u0131p onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu meclise, y\u0131llar y\u0131l\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r m\u00fccadeleden sonra, 1990\u2019da Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketi ad\u0131yla siyasi sahneye \u00e7\u0131kan,\u00a0 Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrklerinin 23 milletvekili, onlar\u0131n politik temsilcileri s\u0131fat\u0131yla bir grup olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yeri gelmi\u015fken \u015fu \u00f6zelli\u011fe vurgu yapmak isterim. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgar parlamenter tarihinde daha \u00f6nce de mecliste 23-24 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman milletvekili yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1913\u2019te Vasil Radoslavov\u2019un Liberal Partisi 24 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman milletvekili \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rken, 1919\u2019da \u00c7ifti lideri Aleksand\u0131r Stanboliyski de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman vekilleri aday listelerine alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1973 Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmesine de 23 T\u00fcrk milletvekili oy vermi\u015fti. \u00a0Ne var ki, 1991\u2019de, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri Anayasa haz\u0131rlama forumuna ilk kez bir parti grubu olarak, daha y\u00fcksek bir bilin\u00e7le kat\u0131lmay\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1439760413\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1973\u2019te sosyalist demokratik d\u00fczen Anayasas\u0131 olarak haz\u0131rlanan, fakat \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede totaliter rejime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen, yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131p, idareyi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kom\u00fcnist partisinin eline veren, devlet, h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve parti y\u00f6netimini de diktat\u00f6r Todor Jivkov\u2019un iradesine b\u0131rakanlar, asl\u0131nda zul\u00fcm kuyusunu kendileri kazm\u0131\u015f ve i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcklerini hemen anlayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Burada \u00f6zellikle i\u015faret edilmesi gereken Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n 3.ANAYASA G\u00dcN\u00dc; s\u00f6z\u00fcm ona \u201c<strong>Soya D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d (v\u0131zroditelen protses) ve Golyamata ekskurjiya (<strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7) <\/strong>\u201d gibi zorla isim de\u011fi\u015ftirme, total yasak uygulayarak kimlik de\u011fi\u015ftirip Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131rma ve kom\u00fcnist partisinin asimilasyon politikas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeyenleri \u00fclkeden kovma siyaseti ya\u015fand\u0131 ki bu asl\u0131nda \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir soyk\u0131r\u0131md\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Art\u0131k bu olaylar\u0131n \u00fczerinden 40-50 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00d6nemli yeni geli\u015fmeler oldu. \u00a0Haziran 2019\u2019da \u00c7orlu Belediyesi ve Tekirda\u011f \u201cNam\u0131k Kemal\u201d \u00dcniversitesi giri\u015fimiyle \u015fehirde bir uluslar aras\u0131 forum d\u00fczenlendi. Anayasa ve yasalarda yer almayan kom\u00fcnist rejim ve ideologlar\u0131n\u0131n icat etti\u011fi ve sosyal medya, bas\u0131n yay\u0131n ve hatta bilimsel \u00e7evrede yar\u0131m as\u0131r zorla dayat\u0131lan ve telkinle kabul ettirilen \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u201d ve \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7\u201d veya \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Seyahat<\/strong>\u201d gibi ger\u00e7ekleri \u00e7arp\u0131tan kavramlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131na oybirli\u011fi ile karar verildi.<\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ekleri b\u00fcy\u00fclt ge\u00e7 alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Bulgaristan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi\u2019nin (BKP) 4. Anayasa\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcren yolda Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrklerinin toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve de\u011fi\u015fim iradesini belirleyen, topluma \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden siyasi bak\u0131mdan olgun, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc ve bilin\u00e7li bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak rol almas\u0131n\u0131, bilin\u00e7li olarak engelledi\u011fini g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. 1990 bahar\u0131nda, ilk \u00f6zg\u00fcr se\u00e7imlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce kurulan YUVARLAK MASAYA T\u00fcrk temsilcilerin al\u0131nmamas\u0131 bu tespitimize kesin bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1010578018\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-474754591\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Ve burada BKP MK\u2019nin 2 adet karar\u0131na i\u015faret etmek iyi olur g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeyim.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bir<\/strong>) 29 Aral\u0131k 1989\u2019da BKP MK\u2019nin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen T\u00fcrk isimlerinin ve yasaklanan din haklar\u0131n\u0131n iadesi karar\u0131d\u0131r. 1\u00a0390\u00a0000 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ismi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f, 1100 cami kap\u0131s\u0131na anahtar tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 325 imam\u0131n maa\u015f\u0131 kesilmi\u015fti. Bu vatanda\u015flardan bir\u00e7o\u011fu o tarihte tutukluydu. \u00a0Dikkat \u00e7ekilmesi gereken nokta, bir siyasi partinin kendisini ANAYASA, YASA VE T\u00dcM KURALLARIN, HUKUKUN \u00fcst\u00fcne koymas\u0131d\u0131r. Anayasa o tarihte BKP MK\u2019ne b\u00f6yle bir hak tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. BMP MK su\u00e7lu durumdayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130ki<\/strong>) 16 Ocak 1990 tarihinde Halk Meclisi Milli Sorun Bildirisi ve Halka \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131 kabul etti.\u00a0 Bu belgelerin anlam\u0131, isimleri iade edilenlere kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayan sald\u0131r\u0131larla ilgiliydi. Bulgarlar\u0131n kafas\u0131na T\u00fcrklerin \u201c<strong>\u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Bulgar<\/strong>\u201d olduklar\u0131 telkin edilmi\u015f, bo\u015f kafalar zonkluyor, milliyet\u00e7iler kuduruyordu. \u0130sim de\u011fi\u015ftirme zulm\u00fcne kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u201c<strong>Yuvarlak Masa<\/strong>\u201d ileri gelenleri \u201ckendi kendine gelin damat\u201d olup durumu yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 \u00fcstlenmi\u015flerdi. Toplum bu ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn i\u00e7inde se\u00e7ime ve 4. Anayasa\u2019ya gitmeye haz\u0131rlan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlar \u00c7orlu Forumunda da konu oldu. 10 Kas\u0131m 1989\u2019da Todor Jivkov\u2019un dikta rejiminin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na, BKP\u2019nin maske de\u011fi\u015ftirip Sosyalist Parti (BSP) olmaya soyunmas\u0131na iten korku ortadayd\u0131. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve de\u011fi\u015fim isteyen yeni devrimci g\u00fc\u00e7, T\u00fcrkler sahnedeydi. Zaman hesap sorma ve yeni denge kurma zaman\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcze g\u00f6re mayalanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn kudret kayna\u011f\u0131, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin 1989 May\u0131s ayaklanmas\u0131yd\u0131. Ayaklanmalar\u0131n pek \u00e7ok \u015fekli olabilir. Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n 2. A\u015famas\u0131 toplu g\u00f6\u00e7, yani \u00fclkeyi vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in terk etme \u015feklini ald\u0131. Bu \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc ve bilin\u00e7li b\u00fcy\u00fck dalga devleti \u00e7\u00f6kertmi\u015ftir. Karne sistemi ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrkler ekmek teknesini s\u0131rtlam\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2263604240\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Yola haz\u0131rlananlar 1989 Temmuz ve A\u011fustosunda Razgrat\u2019ta 155 milyon levay\u0131, K\u0131rca Ali\u2019de de 250 milyon levay\u0131 bankalardan \u00e7ekti. Sovyetler Birli\u011finde g\u00f6revli T\u00fcrk i\u015f\u00e7iler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye akt\u0131. T\u00fcm \u0130\u015fler durdu. Moskova da dahil, t\u00fcm devletler Bulgar devletine bor\u00e7 para vermedi. Bulgaristan\u2019da sosyalizm ve kom\u00fcnizm hayali balon gibi patlad\u0131. Bulgar toplumunun en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan ve d\u00fcr\u00fcst i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc sahneden \u00e7eki\u015fmi\u015f, politik kudretini d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkeye ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7orlu Konferans\u0131nda,\u00a0\u00a0 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin devrimci d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, adalet ve demokrasiyi hayata \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran bilin\u00e7li ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir g\u00fc\u00e7 oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi hak etti\u011fi nitelemeyi, oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferini bulamad\u0131. Konuya de\u011finen Sofya Yeni Bulgar \u00dcniversitesinden (Nov B\u0131lgarski Universitet) \u00a0Do\u00e7. Dr. Mihail \u0130vanov\u2019un (etnik sorunlar uzman\u0131 olarak Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Jel\u00fc Jelev\u2019in dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) \u00a0savundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, \u00c7orlu forumu olaylar\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131nda niteliksel ayr\u0131m farklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmad\u0131. \u015e\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n<p>\u201d<strong>T\u00fcrk meslekta\u015flar\u0131mla May\u0131s 1989 olaylar\u0131n\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131nda aram\u0131zda farklar var.\u00a0 Benim tezime g\u00f6re Bulgar totaliter rejimi di\u011fer sosyalist \u00fclkelerdeki ve Sovyetlerdeki rejimle birlikte \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Y\u0131k\u0131lmamas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131. Olaya Do\u011fu ile Bat\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki so\u011fuk sava\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Bulgaristan\u2019da sosyalist sistemin sosyo-ekonomik imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen t\u00fckenmesine ge\u00e7erli nedenler vard\u0131. Burada Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin gurur duymalar\u0131 gereken bir \u015fey varsa, o da eksiksiz bir \u015fekilde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeyi ba\u015farabilmi\u015f olmalar\u0131 ve isyan\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek,\u00a0 kom\u00fcnist sistemin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck manevi bir katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-3017380838\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u015eu ger\u00e7ekler \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir: Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri Bulgaristan&#8217;daki bask\u0131 ter\u00f6r ve zulme kar\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcm tutuklu, mahk\u00fbm ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin hemen serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in,\u00a0 isimleri, din haklar\u0131n\u0131 ve 1950\u2019lerde elde ettiklerini k\u00fclt\u00fcrel edinimlerin iadesi istekleriyle isyan etmi\u015ftir. Bizim Moskova\u2019daki M. Garbo\u00e7ov idaresiyle i\u015fimiz olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik Gorba\u00e7ov silah zoruyla isim de\u011fi\u015ftirme zulm\u00fcn\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 isteklerine kulak asmam\u0131\u015f, bizi duymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Ayaklanma Program\u0131ndaki hedef maddeleri yukar\u0131dakiler gibiydi.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u00e7. \u0130vanov, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri Ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n Bulgar d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcndeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyerek, \u00fclkenin daha \u00f6te d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp de\u011fi\u015fmesindeki rol ve \u00f6nemlerini \u00f6nemsizle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, i\u00e7 hedef ve sorunlar\u0131 rafa kald\u0131r\u0131p kom\u00fcnist sistemin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fcm\u00fczden dem vuruyor. \u201c \u00a0Bizim derdimiz Todor Jivkov zorbac\u0131s\u0131yla idi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3349143696\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Ayaklanmam\u0131z\u0131n Bulgaristan tarihindeki \u00f6nemi ve rol\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle de anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1944-1989 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da yaln\u0131z 3 ayaklanma olmu\u015ftur.<br \/>\nBunlar\u0131n Birincisi \u2013 \u201c<strong style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Gorunya darbe denemesi<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u201d olarak tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve Bulgaristan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi i\u00e7inde Birinci Sekreter Todor Jivkov\u2019u devirmeyi hedef alm\u0131\u015f, 11 ki\u015finin tutuklan\u0131p yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve 192 ki\u015finin de g\u00f6revine son verilmesiyle noktalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>1972-1973\u2019te Pomaklar\u0131n Bat\u0131 Rodoplar\u2019 da isim, din ve kimlik<br \/>\nDe\u011fi\u015ftirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da \u00f6l\u00fc, yaral\u0131, tutuklu, hapse ve toplama kamp\u0131na at\u0131lan, \u00e7ok say\u0131da evinden yerinden s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen olsa da, zafere ula\u015famam\u0131\u015f, toplum \u00fczerindeki etkisi 1989 T\u00fcrk Ayaklanmas\u0131na kadar yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Zor y\u0131llarda kavgadan vazge\u00e7meyen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, bir yandan tutuk evlerinde geli\u015fen Bulgar mahk\u00fbmlar\u0131n insan haklar\u0131 direni\u015f hareketiyle i\u015fbirli\u011fi olu\u015ftururken, T\u00fcrk \u0130syan\u0131na 200 bin ki\u015filik yedek g\u00fc\u00e7le arkam\u0131zda olmu\u015ftur. Demek oluyor ki, T\u00fcrk isyan\u0131 \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir kitleyi kucaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve \u00f6nc\u00fc rol\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 kom\u00fcnist iktidar\u0131 felce u\u011fratm\u0131\u015f ve devirebilmi\u015ftir. Bu direni\u015flerin ana g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n insan ve vatan hakk\u0131 m\u00fccadelesi olmas\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>1984-1989 zul\u00fcm d\u00f6nemi bir ba\u015ftan sona ayaklanma d\u00f6nemidir.<br \/>\n52 direni\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kurulmu\u015ftur. S\u00fcrg\u00fcnde ve zindanda \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc direni\u015fler devam etmi\u015ftir. Demokratik Lig ad\u0131nda parti kurulmu\u015f ve 21 May\u0131s 1989\u2019da Kongre \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayaklanmaya 72 bin ki\u015fi kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n deste\u011fini alm\u0131\u015f, 37 \u015fehit vermi\u015f\u2026. Bu kavga zaferle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Olaya daha derin bakal\u0131m:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Birinci Bulgar Anayasas\u0131 1879\u2019da T\u0131rnovo\u2019da toplanan Birinci B\u00fcy\u00fck Bulgar Meclisinde haz\u0131rlan\u0131p kabul edildi. Bu anayasaya g\u00f6re, Bulgar Prensli\u011fi, \u00e7ok partili ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131 da tan\u0131yan bir parlamenter monar\u015fi devleti olarak kuruldu. Birinci Anayasa Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na oy kullanma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eunu eklesek iyi olur: Berlin Konferans\u0131 asl\u0131nda Bulgarlar\u0131 Rus \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan asimile olmaktan kurtard\u0131. Sizi \u201c<strong>kurtard\u0131k<\/strong>\u201d diyen Ruslar, Bulgarlara \u00f6nce otonomi, ard\u0131ndan Tuna Rus eyaleti hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yarak, hepsini eritip yutmak istiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Birinci Anayasa\u2019da <strong>T\u00fcrk\u201d kimli\u011fi ge\u00e7mese de, bu haklar t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nce \u00fclkede M\u00fcsl\u00fcman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve kurucu meclise 9 T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n ve 6 il m\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc davet edilmi\u015ftir<\/strong>.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3097643805\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Herkes bilir ki, 1850 y\u0131l\u0131nda Balkanlarda yap\u0131lan n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131nda 11\u00a0480\u00a0000 (on bir milyon d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz seksen bin) M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kaydedilmi\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n 2\u00a0000\u00a0000 (iki milyonu) 29 y\u0131l sonra kurulan Bulgar Prensli\u011fi topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgar Prensli\u011fi ve Do\u011fu Rumeli\u2019de ikamet eden n\u00fcfusun say\u0131m\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n toplam say\u0131s\u0131 800 \u00a0000 (sekiz y\u00fcz bin) olarak saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Demek oluyor ki, 1877-78 Rus-Osmanl\u0131 imparatorluklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck meydan sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n birisinin Plevne, \u015eipka ve Stara Zagora (Eski Zara) gibi T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerle\u015fim merkezlerinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, yerli T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131ndan da b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da kurban verildi\u011fi ve Anadolu\u2019ya toplu halde g\u00f6\u00e7 oldu\u011funa kan\u0131tt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Bulgar devletinin yerle\u015fti\u011fi topraklardan Anadolu\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7lerin kitlesel devam etti\u011fine ba\u015fka bir delil de, 1 Ocak 1888\u2019 tarihinde yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tarihte M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 607\u00a0331 ki\u015fi olarak kaydedilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara\u2019da imzalanan G\u00f6\u00e7 Anla\u015fmas\u0131na uyularak 1943 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar (18 y\u0131lda) Bulgar \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne 228\u00a0000 (iki y\u00fcz yirmi sekiz bin) T\u00fcrk g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc durmam\u0131\u015f, 1950-51 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan 212\u00a0150 (iki y\u00fcz on iki bin y\u00fcz elli)\u00a0 ki\u015fi g\u00f6\u00e7 vizesi alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyalist devletin Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin manevi (k\u00fclt\u00fcrel)\u00a0 haklar\u0131na \u015fiddetli sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye konsolosluklar\u0131ndan 400\u00a0000 (d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz bin) Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u00fc vize alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu n\u00fcfustan 150\u00a0000 (y\u00fcz elli bini) ki\u015fi 1976 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir. Son kitle g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc de 1989 Temmuz ve A\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda 360 bin ki\u015fi olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Anayasa g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte bu rakam 500 bin ki\u015fiyi bulmu\u015ftu ki, Bulgaristanl\u0131 T\u00fcrkler Demokratik Anayasa\u2019da hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin temel yasada ve yasalarda g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u0131srarl\u0131yd\u0131. Yaln\u0131z T\u00fcrk isimlerinin ve dini haklar\u0131n iade edilmesi demokratik ve adil bir sosyal d\u00fczen kurulabilmesi ve yaralar\u0131n sar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli olamazd\u0131 ve de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n<p>Bu konferans, olaya Berlin Konferans\u0131 (1878) ve 4. Anayasa (1991) ile paralel baksak da Bulgarlar i\u00e7in \u201c<strong>M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek d\u00fc\u015fman<\/strong>\u201d oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Yine Yeni Bulgar \u00dcniversitesinden olan ve olaylar\u0131 ancak bir Bulgar olay\u0131 olarak ele alan Dr. Evgeniya \u0130vanova, asimilasyonun uzun vadeli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Hedefinin kimlik de\u011fi\u015ftirme oldu\u011funu, bu sa\u00e7mal\u0131\u011f\u0131n XX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n seksenli y\u0131llar\u0131ndan herhangi bir ki\u015finin kurumun veya partinin akl\u0131na ans\u0131z\u0131n esmedi\u011fini bildirdikten sonra \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu: \u201c1950 \u2013 1970 y\u0131llar\u0131nda etnik temizlik hareketi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Pomak, \u00c7ingene ve Tatarlar\u0131n isimlerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine gerek\u00e7e oldu. T\u00fcrklerin adlar\u0131 da bir defada ve hepsinin birden topluca de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma 10 y\u0131l (1975 -1985) s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u00a0Deyan K\u00fcranov konu\u015fmas\u0131nda,\u00a0 1991 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 2010 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar geleneksel Bulgar ant- M\u00fcsl\u00fcman milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Avrupa lehinde yap\u0131lan propaganda ile perdelenip s\u00fcslendi\u011fini ve ger\u00e7eklerin saklanmak istendi\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-3830949968\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1989 Ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n etkisi bug\u00fcn de devam ediyor. \u015eartlar\u0131 ya\u015fanmaz duruma gelen ve 360 bin ki\u015fiyle ba\u015flayan \u00fclkeyi terk etme hareketi aras\u0131z yo\u011funla\u015farak 2019\u2019da art\u0131k 3 milyon ki\u015fiye y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>12 Temmuz 2019 tarihinde DPS Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Karaday\u0131, son durumu \u015f\u00f6yle nitelendirdi: \u201c\u015eimdiki iktidar mutlaka y\u00fcz\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fecektir. \u00dclkedeki sosyal ve politik durumu ve Avrupa Parlamentosu se\u00e7imlerini analiz ettik. \u00dclkemizi y\u00f6neten halk yardak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i y\u00f6netim ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k bata\u011f\u0131na demir atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015ften sorumlu olan GERB partisidir. \u00d6fke k\u0131z\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, toplum b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Vatanda\u015flar\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri g\u00fcvence alt\u0131nda de\u011fildir ve s\u00fcrekli ayakalt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131yor. Se\u00e7im kurallar\u0131 her se\u00e7imden \u00f6nce de\u011fi\u015ftiriliyor. H\u00fck\u00fcmet \u015feffaf ve onurlu se\u00e7im \u00f6rg\u00fctleyemiyor. Adalet sa\u011flanam\u0131yor. Kanunlar uygulanm\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bu durumun temelinde olan ger\u00e7ek, Bulgar halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hi\u00e7bir ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ayaklanma, devrim ve reform yapamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131nda ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve de\u011fi\u015fim ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilecek T\u00fcrkler gibi milli kimli\u011fi olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 rol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p devlet ve kamu b\u00fcnyesinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda gizleniyor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2646394616\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-45-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00d6rneklersek ve Balkan tarihinin yeni d\u00f6neminin 1875 Bosna Hersek Ayaklanmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dikkate al\u0131rsak, 1875\u2019te Bulgarlar da \u0130\u00e7 Devrim \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Aleksand\u0131r Stambolov y\u00f6netiminde Stara Zagora\u2019da; ikincisi de G\u00fcrgevo Komitesi ve Komitac\u0131 Georgi Benkovski taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmi\u015f Nisan 1876 Ayaklanmas\u0131 da ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmu\u015ftur. 13 Temmuz 1878\u2019de toplanan Berlin Konferans\u0131na kadar, Bulgaristan ad\u0131 II. Aleksand\u0131r veya ba\u015fka bir Rus \u00c7ar\u0131n\u0131n bir Manifesto veya karar\u0131nda,\u00a0 Rusya ve Osmanl\u0131 imparatorluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 3 Mart 1878\u2019de imzalanan Ye\u015fil K\u00f6y protokol\u00fcnde yer almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Berlin Konferans\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Rusya \u0130mparatoru II. Aleksand\u0131r ad\u0131na y\u00fcr\u00fcten Graf. Evgeniy Novikov, an\u0131lar\u0131nda, \u00c7ar\u2019\u0131n \u00d6zel Kalem Odas\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 talimatlarda, \u201c<strong>Balkanlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Bulgar devletinin kurulmas\u0131na izin verilmemesi emredildi\u011fine<\/strong>\u201d i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u015e\u00f6yle ki,\u00a0 Tuna k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir Bulgar Prensli\u011fi ve G\u00fcney Bulgaristan\u2019da Osmanl\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Do\u011fu Rumeli otonom eyaleti kurulmas\u0131 karar\u0131,\u00a0 Berlin Konferans\u0131ndan \u00f6nce (Haziran 1878) Londra\u2019daki gizli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e bir Bulgaristan kurulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan\u00a0 \u00a0Rusya\u2019n\u0131n \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Graf \u0130gnatiev, ba\u015fkentleri T\u0131rnovo ve Sofya olan 2 eyalet kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nermi\u015ftir. Yine ayn\u0131 zamanda Ruslar Bulgar dilinin yok edilmesi ve yerine bir \u0130slav dili geli\u015ftirilmesi projesi haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.\u00a0 Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 s\u00f6zde kurtaran Ruslar, ard\u0131ndan \u00f6zerk bir b\u00f6lge (anklav), daha sonra da G\u00fcney Tuna Eyaleti olu\u015fturarak Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 asimile etme tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7izmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir ortamda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen geli\u015fmelerden Berlin Konferans\u0131na \u201cBulgaristan\u2019\u0131 kurtaran konferans\u201d,\u00a0 1989\u2019da haz\u0131rlan\u0131p onaylanan Anayasa\u2019ya da tm eksikliklerine ra\u011fmen, Bulgar devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ana belgesi diyebilir miyiz? Bug\u00fcn Bulgaristan\u2019daki karmakar\u0131\u015f\u0131k durumda ne 12 Temmuz Anayasa, ne de 13 Temmuz Berlin konferans\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc kutlama iradesi olmamas\u0131, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc endi\u015fe verici bir durumdur.<\/p>\n<p>Okuyanlar\u0131n payla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 rica ediyoruz.<br \/>\nTe\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1731889736\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-50-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-1786330822\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 12 Temmuz 2019 Yazan: Av. Seniha Rasim SABR\u0130 Konu:\u00a0 Anayasan\u0131n \u00f6teki ad\u0131 Toplum S\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir. Her i\u015fin bir ayar\u0131 ve dengesi vard\u0131r.\u00a0 Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015findeki dengeli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":38512,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/seniha-k.jpg?fit=429%2C518&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-a17","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38509"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38509\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}