{"id":35748,"date":"2019-04-21T00:15:54","date_gmt":"2019-04-20T21:15:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=35748"},"modified":"2019-04-26T00:23:06","modified_gmt":"2019-04-25T21:23:06","slug":"bilinmesi-gereken-bazi-gercekler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bilinmesi-gereken-bazi-gercekler\/","title":{"rendered":"Bilinmesi Gereken Baz\u0131 Ger\u00e7ekler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 20 Nisan 2019<br \/>\nYazan: Av. Seniha R. SABR\u0130<br \/>\nKonu: <strong>Birinci Bulgar Anayasas\u0131 140 ya\u015f\u0131nda.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Birinci Bulgar Parlamentosunun ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Birinci Bulgar Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n 140. Y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc 16 Nisan 2019 tarihinde Veliko T\u0131rnova kentindeki Eski Konakta an\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00f6rene devlet erk\u00e2n\u0131 kat\u0131ld\u0131, de\u011ferli konu\u015fmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ku\u015fkusuz bu resmi deme\u00e7ler ve yay\u0131nlanan s\u00f6ylevler, y\u0131llardan beri \u00f6z tarihini ana dilinde okuyup \u00f6\u011frenme olana\u011f\u0131 bulamayan \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz etmektedir, fakat ben bunlar\u0131n yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeyim. Bir avukat olarak kaleme sar\u0131l\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 bir yaz\u0131yla olay\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na girmeyi se\u00e7tim.<\/p>\n<p>Bas\u0131nda ve sosyal medyada \u00e7\u0131kan yaz\u0131larda, Bulgar anayasa fikrinin do\u011fmas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 devrindeki <strong>D\u0130R\u0130L\u0130\u015e RUHU<\/strong> bulundu\u011funu \u00e7ok okuduk. Ne var ki, Bulgar Prensli\u011fi fikri ilk \u00f6nce 1878 Berlin Konferans\u0131nda masaya yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Bulgar topraklar\u0131na d\u0131\u015fardan gelmi\u015f bir fikirdir. Ayr\u0131ca \u015fu da var, Bulgar yasama organ\u0131 (meclis) ve Prensli\u011finin kurulmas\u0131nda y\u00f6neten ve yol g\u00f6steren <strong>B\u00dcY\u00dcK DEVLET<\/strong> olarak Rusya imparatorlu\u011fu g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015f, ancak o d\u00f6nemde II.Alaksand\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (Rusya\u2019da) yasama organ\u0131 (meclis \u2013 <strong>Duma<\/strong>) o zamanlar hen\u00fcz yoktu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rusya\u2019da ilk Duma 1905\u2019te Petersburg\u2019da topland\u0131.<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-2539009509\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0130lk Rus Anayasas\u0131 da 1918\u2019de kabul edilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fim asl\u0131nda \u015fudur. 10 \u015eubat 1879 tarihinde T\u0131rnova \u015fehrindeki Osmanl\u0131 Kaymakam Kona\u011f\u0131nda III.Bulgar devletini kurmak niyetiyle 230 milletvekili toplan\u0131rken bug\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z topraklarda ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ya\u015fan\u0131yordu. Bu delegeler aras\u0131nda. Rus-Osmanl\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lan Bulgarlar temsilcileri, Rus istila g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Bulgar memurlar, komitac\u0131lar, haydut \u00e7ete ba\u015flar\u0131 hepsi buradayd\u0131. Diyarbak\u0131r hapishanesinde yatm\u0131\u015f mahk\u00fbmlar, Odesa sivil ve din okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f Rus\u00e7u militanlar, Ba\u015f Piskopos I.Antim ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da din adam\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahibi, esnaf ve t\u00fcccarlar haz\u0131r bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu konuda bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rma kitab\u0131 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bunlar\u0131n bulu\u015fma noktas\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bir fikir vard\u0131. 1879\u2019da art\u0131k Yunanistan, S\u0131rbistan ve Romanya\u2019n\u0131n milli Anayasalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Anayasa <strong>devlet ile vatanda\u015flar\u0131<\/strong> aras\u0131nda imzalanm\u0131\u015f bir temel belgedir. Anayasa devlette kurumlar arac\u0131l\u0131yla bir hukuk d\u00fczeni kurmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Berlin Konferans\u0131, Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Padi\u015fah\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131, ona vergi veren bir Prenslik olarak kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Devletin parlamenter monar\u015fi olmas\u0131 karara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa kurucu meclisin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olup devlet egemenli\u011fini ve hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ilan eder.<\/p>\n<p><strong>O zaman Bulgar toplumunda elit bir z\u00fcmre yoktur. <\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-4027770710\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Meclisin toplanmas\u0131yla g\u00f6revlendirilen Rus yetkililer \u00c7erkaski ve Dondukov\u2019tur. Rus \u00e7ar\u0131 II. Aleksand\u0131r, kurucu meclisin ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Berlin Kongresi kararlar\u0131na uygun olmas\u0131n\u0131 denetlemek i\u00e7inse Lukyanov isminde bir yetkiliyi T\u0131rnova\u2019ya delege etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Kurucu Meclis Salonunda Bulgar delegelerle birlikte Yahudi (1 ki\u015fi Ravin), Yunan (3 ki\u015fi din adam\u0131) ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk (9 ki\u015fi ve Varna, \u015eumnu, Plevne ve Vidin M\u00fcft\u00fcleri) yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk tebaadan olan bu 9 ki\u015fiden biri Bulgar komitac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 olan, 1873\u2019te as\u0131lan Vasil Levski\u2019nin g\u00fcvendi\u011fi Osman \u0130brahim Bey\u2019dir ki daha sonra Sofya Meclisi ona ve daha baz\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u2019e \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu emekli maa\u015f\u0131 tesis etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eu ayr\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 da unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Kurucu Meclise kat\u0131lan T\u00fcrk delegeler, Varna M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc Osman Bey d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda lisan bilmiyorlard\u0131. Osman Bey, 24 Aral\u0131k 1876\u2019da kabul edilen Birinci Osmanl\u0131 Anayasas\u0131n\u0131 Frans\u0131zcadan Bulgarca\u2019ya terc\u00fcme ederek, T\u0131rnova Kurucu Meclisi\u2019ne bir esas kanun \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><em>Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak S\u0131rp, Romen, Yunan ve Bel\u00e7ika Anayasalar\u0131 da \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>O zaman Bulgar Prensli\u011finin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bozmaya yeltenen ilk toplumsal g\u00fc\u00e7 35 bin ki\u015filik Yunan etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan Yunanlar VARNA \u015fehrini ve eyalet topraklar\u0131n\u0131 Yunan Cumhuriyeti kurmak i\u00e7in istemi\u015flerdir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1889071025\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kuzey Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan Yahudilerin Ravini ise Kurucu Meclise ve Bulgar Prensli\u011fi kurulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve Rus ordular\u0131nca i\u015fgal edilen topraklar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funda kalmas\u0131nda direnmi\u015ftir. Bu direni\u015fi k\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla 1879\u2019da Ravin ile Rus komiser Dondukov aras\u0131nda \u00f6zel bir Yahudi az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Antla\u015fma imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fmada Yahudilerin din haklar\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, fakat sivil haklar\u0131 tan\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u0131rnovo Anayasas\u0131 di\u011fer etnik topluluklar\u0131n sivil haklar\u0131n\u0131 da tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131ndan aktif rol alanlardan biri ise Osmanl\u0131 Y\u00fcksek Divan \u00fcyesi, Sofya\u2019da komitac\u0131 V. Levski davas\u0131na bakan mahkemenin ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130van\u00e7o Hac\u0131 Pen\u00e7evi\u00e7\u2019tir. \u0130\u015fledi\u011fi g\u00fcnahlara kar\u015f\u0131 3 defa Kud\u00fcs\u2019e gidi\u015fi ve 3 defa hac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6v\u00fcnen biri olarak ilgi \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Kurucu mecliste liberal ve tutucu (konservatif) olmak \u00fczere 2 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f y\u00fczle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Konservatif g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri savunan Moskova \u00dcniversitesinde e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f ve hukuk hocal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f Bulgar Hristo Stoyanov ile Odesa Bulgar Toplulu\u011funu temsilen kat\u0131lan Nikolay Pauzov\u2019dur. Liberal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler, daha sonra Ba\u015fbakan koltu\u011funa oturan Petko Karavelov ile Dragan Cankov gibi ayd\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan savunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n bi\u00e7imlenmesinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc olan Bulgar hukuk\u00e7u Dr. Konstantin Stoilov\u2019tur.<\/strong> O, \u0130stanbul Robert Koleji bitirdikten sonra, Almanya k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezlerinden Heidelberg\u2019te hukuk tahsil etmi\u015f ve daha sonra 10 y\u0131l boyunca Paris barosunda avukatl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f deneyimli bir ayd\u0131n ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u0131sacas\u0131, k\u00fcrs\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 genelde Paris\u2019ten gelen, Dr. Konstantin Stoilov ile Moskova\u2019dan gelen Hristo Stoyanov aras\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur. <\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-1671955614\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalardan birisi Bulgar tebaal\u0131 ve Bulgar vatanda\u015f\u0131 (grajdanin) \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Meclis, <strong>\u201cmaraba\u201d<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelen <strong>\u201craya\u201d<\/strong> kelimesinin yerine vatanda\u015f kelimesini kabul etmekle Osmanl\u0131 sosyal ortam\u0131ndan ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zel tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lan ikinci konu ise, kad\u0131nlara oy hakk\u0131 tan\u0131n\u0131p tan\u0131nmamas\u0131d\u0131r ki, konunun 1879\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de bile kad\u0131nlara 1936\u2019da oy kullanma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anlaml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ku\u015fkusuz 1879\u2019da Bulgar dili modern bir Anayasa\u2019y\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yabilecek kadar geli\u015fmi\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, gerekli olan yeni kavramlar Frans\u0131zcadan ve Rus\u00e7a\u2019dan al\u0131n\u0131p Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken Bulgar dil bilgini ve yazar Nikolay Makareopolski\u2019nin rol\u00fc paha bi\u00e7ilmez olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kurucu Meclise Eflatun\u2019dan gelen Dr. Dimit\u0131r Molov ise, sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, dernekle\u015fme ve bas\u0131n yay\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerinde durmu\u015f ve isteklerde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kurucu mecliste g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f beyan etmeyen 70-80 ki\u015fi, Bulgar dirili\u015f ve devrim hareketinin fikir babas\u0131 (ideolo\u011fu) olan Georgi Sava Rakovski\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini savunan taraft\u0131r. Bu grup, Rus komiserlerin meclis salonundaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc ve haz\u0131rlanan anayasa maddelerinin son g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve onay i\u00e7in Rusya \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Dairesine g\u00f6nderildi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e hiddetlenmi\u015flerdir. Bu grup, Prensli\u011fin ayakalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, istila edilmi\u015f bir b\u00f6lge haline getirildi\u011fini, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci fikirlerin maddelere i\u015flendi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e suskun tepkisini artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>O d\u00f6nem, Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusunun % 93-95\u2019i \u00e7ift\u00e7idir.<\/strong> B\u00fct\u00fcn Bulgaristan\u2019da 800 pulluk vard\u0131r. 2 milyon k\u00f6yl\u00fc topra\u011f\u0131 kara sabanla s\u00fcrmektedir. Beklenti b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Rus\u00e7uk B\u00fcy\u00fck Valisi Mithat Pa\u015fa ile ba\u015flayan tar\u0131m reformu ve Tuna Boyunu Osmanl\u0131 Bah\u00e7esi haline getirme \u00e7abalar\u0131 durmu\u015ftur. \u0130stilac\u0131 Rus askerlerin ge\u00e7imi yerli halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1014360014\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir ortamda, daha birinci ay 10 partiye par\u00e7alanan T\u0131rnova<\/strong> parlamentosundan Liberal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc bir Anayasa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 beklenirdi ve \u00f6yle de oldu. <strong>Birinci anayasa k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli toprak ve m\u00fclk sahiplerinin haklar\u0131n\u0131 yasalla\u015ft\u0131ran bir hamledir. 1948 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar y\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fckte kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong> Birinci defa 1881-82 d\u00f6neminde ve ikincisi de 1934 Askeri darbesinden sonra 1934-1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 4 sene lav edilmeden rafa kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fikler yapmak i\u00e7in 4 B\u00fcy\u00fck Halk Meclisi toplanm\u0131\u015f ve ilavelerde bulunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Birinci Bulgar Anayasas\u0131yla Bulgaristan\u2019a liberal demokrasi getirilmi\u015ftir. Mal M\u00fclk sahibi Bulgarlar\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri savunulmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu Anayasa Bulgar Prensli\u011finde, 1886\u2019dan sonra Do\u011fu Rumeli\u2019de ve daha sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn Bulgar Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (1908) ya\u015fayan etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n temel insan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini gere\u011fi gibi savunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu Anayasa y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteyken 1942\u2019den sonra Yahudi vatanda\u015flar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelenler, 1948\u2019de ilk f\u0131rsatta 50 bin ki\u015finin birden Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 terk etmeleriyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan Yunanlar da \u00fclkeyi terk etmi\u015ftir. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri 1878\u2019den beri ata-vatan topraklar\u0131ndan s\u00f6k\u00fclerek Anadolu istikametinde g\u00f6\u00e7 ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n kabul edildi\u011fi g\u00fcn toplam n\u00fcfusun % 52\u2019si olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrkler<\/strong> ancak 1000 k\u00f6yde ve b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerin belirli semtlerinde ikamet ediyorlar. Ana-dillerinde konu\u015fma, yazma, haberle\u015fme, edebiyat, sanat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr yaratma ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinden, t\u00f6relerini, geleneklerini ve ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirerek geli\u015ftirme olanaklar\u0131ndan yoksunlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nemle belirtilmesi gerekir ki, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 anayasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r XX. As\u0131r boyunca s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-546572043\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda halk oylamas\u0131yla ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131l\u0131nan T\u0131rnova Anayasas\u0131 1990\u2019da yeniden uygulanmak istense de tutmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bulgaristan halk\u0131 monar\u015fiye d\u00f6nmeyi ve tek dilli ve tek milletli devlete dayanan bir gelece\u011fi kabul etmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn sonu.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci yaz\u0131m\u0131zda Bulgar anayasas\u0131ndaki ilkeler \u00fczerinde duraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>Okuyanlara te\u015fekk\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n<p>Payla\u015fanlara \u00f6zel selamlar.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4161644741\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-2396658922\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 20 Nisan 2019 Yazan: Av. Seniha R. SABR\u0130 Konu: Birinci Bulgar Anayasas\u0131 140 ya\u015f\u0131nda. Birinci Bulgar Parlamentosunun ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Birinci Bulgar Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n 140.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-9iA","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35748"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35748\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35748"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35748"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}