{"id":34488,"date":"2019-02-26T21:33:25","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T18:33:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=34488"},"modified":"2019-06-25T23:23:25","modified_gmt":"2019-06-25T20:23:25","slug":"bulgaristanda-tuketilen-sebze-ve-meyvelerin-yuzde-90i-ithal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristanda-tuketilen-sebze-ve-meyvelerin-yuzde-90i-ithal\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan&#8217;da t\u00fcketilen sebze ve meyvelerin y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131 ithal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan Meyve ve Sebze \u00dcreticileri Birli\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u00c7avdar Marinov, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n t\u00fcketti\u011fi sebze ve meyvelerin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ithal \u00fcr\u00fcnler oldu\u011funu ve yerli \u00fcretimin de tamamen \u201c\u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Ulusal \u0130statistik Kurumu (NS\u0130) verileri, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk on ay\u0131nda taze sebze ithalat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 11, 7 artarak y\u0131ll\u0131k 226, 7 bin tona ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, taze meyve ithalat\u0131n\u0131n ise y\u00fczde 9, 4 artarak 255, 3 bin tona \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 zamanda tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde nihai \u00fcretimde y\u00fczde 2 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f kaydediliyor. Bulgaristan tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n durumu k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortada ve bu da g\u0131da sat\u0131n alan her vatanda\u015f taraf\u0131ndan hissediliyor. Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00fcretilen meyve, sebze, et, yumurta, s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve benzeri mallar\u0131n asgari miktardad\u0131r ve sofram\u0131za koydu\u011fumuz her \u015fey yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, genellikle T\u00fcrkiye, Yunanistan, Polonya, S\u0131rbistan ve Kuzey Makedonya\u2019dan geliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan tar\u0131m\u0131 Gayri Safi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131lan\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 5\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyor. Oysa bundan 30 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde Bulgaristan b\u00fct\u00fcn sosyalist devletlerine g\u0131da sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. Demokrasiye ge\u00e7ilmesinin ard\u0131ndan tar\u0131mda ne yaz\u0131k ki beklenen olumlu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 vermeyen baz\u0131 reformlar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Zorla toplanan tarlalar\u0131n eski sahiplerine veya miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na iade edilmesi sadece tar\u0131m arazilerinin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine sebep oldu ve yeni \u00e7ift\u00e7iler b\u0131rak\u0131n ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 pazarlarda rekabet edebilmeyi, ailelerini bile ge\u00e7indirmeye yetmeyecek bir hektardan az, \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tar\u0131m arazilerinin sahibi oldular. Bu gen\u00e7lerin k\u00f6ylerden ve \u00e7iftliklerden toplu g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne neden oldu, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yerle\u015fim yerlerinde ise a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak emekliler kald\u0131. Sadece tah\u0131l \u00fcretimi bir yere kadar konsolide olup modernle\u015fmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131 ve bu sekt\u00f6rde tah\u0131llar\u0131 Avrupa ve d\u00fcnyada ba\u015far\u0131 ile ihra\u00e7 eden orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli, modern \u015firketler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Eterik \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u2013 genellikle ya\u011f g\u00fcl\u00fc ve lavanta \u00fcretimi de ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne basmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131 ve \u00fclkemiz u\u00e7ucu ya\u011f ticaretinde d\u00fcnya liderlerinden biri olmaya devam ediyor. Bulgaristan ayn\u0131 zamanda Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck bitki ve baharat \u00fcreticisidir. Eurostat verilerine g\u00f6re, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkede toplam 81 000 ton baharat, aromatik ve \u015fifal\u0131 bitki yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-483876947\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan sadece birka\u00e7 on y\u0131l \u00f6nce geli\u015fmi\u015f bir tar\u0131m \u00fclkesiydi. Bug\u00fcn ise, tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fimine ne harika do\u011fal ko\u015fullar ne de Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin Ortak Tar\u0131m Politikas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda sa\u011flanan finansal destekler yard\u0131mc\u0131 olam\u0131yor. Daralan tar\u0131m \u00fcretimi ve sat\u0131\u015flar \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin gelirlerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Ulusal \u0130statistik Kurumu (NS\u0130) verilerine g\u00f6re, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin gelirlerinde y\u00fczde 14.8 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f kaydedilmi\u015ftir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kar ve katma de\u011fer g\u00f6stergesi oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak hem yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 hem de i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc sekt\u00f6rden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Ve bu y\u00f6nde hi\u00e7bir olumlu de\u011fi\u015fim belirtisi de g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, gelecek vaat eden biyo-tar\u0131m bile marjinal kalmaya devam ediyor ve toplam \u00fcretimin sadece y\u00fczde 5\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyor. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Bulgaristan halk\u0131 giderek daha fazla ithal meyve, sebze, et ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri t\u00fcketiyor. \u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin eme\u011fi ve elveri\u015fli do\u011fal ko\u015fullar sayesinde o y\u0131llarda t\u00fckettikleri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ne kadar lezzetli oldu\u011funu \u00f6zlemle yad ediyorlar.<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7eviri: \u00d6zlem Tefikova, BNR<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-4028828493\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan Meyve ve Sebze \u00dcreticileri Birli\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u00c7avdar Marinov, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n t\u00fcketti\u011fi sebze ve meyvelerin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ithal \u00fcr\u00fcnler oldu\u011funu ve yerli \u00fcretimin de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":10006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[30,1238,1237,1236],"class_list":["post-34488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-bulgaristan","tag-cavdar-marinov","tag-meyve","tag-sebze"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/pazar-300x224.gif?fit=300%2C224&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-8Yg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34488"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34488\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}