{"id":33989,"date":"2019-01-28T23:34:15","date_gmt":"2019-01-28T20:34:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=33989"},"modified":"2019-01-28T23:50:03","modified_gmt":"2019-01-28T20:50:03","slug":"bulgaristanda-ecdadin-mirasi-camiler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristanda-ecdadin-mirasi-camiler\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan&#8217;da Ecdad\u0131n Miras\u0131 Camiler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Nevzat \u00d6ZT\u00dcRK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fta Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahlar\u0131 ve saray mensuplar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lgede faaliyet g\u00f6steren ak\u0131nc\u0131 ve sancak beyleri, ulem\u00e2 ve \u00f6zellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle Anadolu\u2019dan buraya isk\u00e2n edilen halk, pek \u00e7ok vak\u0131f kurmu\u015f ve bunlar\u0131 ayakta tutacak gelir kaynaklar\u0131 tahsis etmi\u015flerdir. Bu faaliyetlerin b\u00f6lgenin T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesi ve \u0130slamla\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren b\u00f6lgedeki \u015fehir ve kasabalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Anadolu\u2019dakilerden farks\u0131z hale gelmi\u015f, hatta yer yer T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve vak\u0131f eserlerin yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anadolu\u2019dan fazla olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Tarih\u00ee belgelere g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131lar d\u00f6neminde; Bulgaristan\u2019da 2 bin 356 cami ve mescit, 142 medrese, 273 mektep, 42 imaret, 174 tekke-zaviye, 116 han, 113 hamam, kapl\u0131ca, \u0131l\u0131ca, 27 t\u00fcrbe, 24 k\u00f6pr\u00fc, 75 \u00e7e\u015fme, 3 sebil, 26 kervansaray, saray, kale, hastane, k\u00fct\u00fcphane, saat kulesi ve bedesten olmak \u00fczere toplam 3 bin 399 adet eser in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla birlikte \u015eark\u00ee Rumeli hari\u00e7 Bulgaristan Emareti\u2019ne miras kalan vak\u0131f hayr\u00e2t (cami, mescit, medrese, imaret vs.) ve m\u00fcberr\u00e2t\u0131n (han, hamam, Mustafa Pa\u015fa K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc \/ Svilengrad , \u00e7e\u015fme, k\u00f6pr\u00fc vs.) say\u0131s\u0131 2051 idi. Ancak Bulgaristan belediyeleri, Bulgaristan\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetinin sona ermesiyle birlikte Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemini hat\u0131rlatan eserleri, \u015fehirlerin yeniden onar\u0131m\u0131 ve planlanmas\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle y\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eserlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kilise, m\u00fcze, okul, hastane, matbaa, depo ve cephaneli\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2043540154\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 12. maddesi Bulgaristan Emareti\u2019ndeki \u201cemlak-i miriye ve mevk\u00fbfenin B\u00e2b\u0131\u00e2li hesab\u0131na suret-i fera\u011f ve istimaline m\u00fcteallik i\u015flerin c\u00fcmlesine ve bunlarda bir ili\u015fi\u011fi bulunacak efrad\u0131n mes\u00e2lihini iki sene zarf\u0131nda tesviyeye memur\u201d bir T\u00fcrk Bulgar Komisyonu kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. \u0130lgili madde gere\u011fince buradaki zengin \u0130sl\u00e2m k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131n\u0131n tespiti, yerinde b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 veya sat\u0131lmas\u0131, ba\u015fka bir \u015fekle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk ve Bulgar yetkililerden olu\u015fan komisyonlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. T\u00fcrk ve Bulgar \u00fcyelerden olu\u015fan komisyon bu konular\u0131 m\u00fczakere etmek i\u00e7in seksen \u00fc\u00e7 defa toplanm\u0131\u015f, ancak engellemeler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden verimli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ibadethane fonksiyonunu yerine getirebilecek din g\u00f6revlisine sahip ibadethane say\u0131s\u0131 1000 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Vak\u0131f mallar\u0131n\u0131n geri iadesi i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kan karar sonras\u0131 Bulgaristan Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclkenin \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirlerinde hukuk m\u00fccadelesi ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat a\u00e7\u0131lan davalarda binalar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce dini ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yeterli kan\u0131t bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi gerek\u00e7elerle iade talepleri reddedilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da mevcut bulunan camilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"280\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/seyahatdergisi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/tombul-cami-3.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Tombul Camii ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"362\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tombul Camii \u2013 Shumen (\u015eumnu) Cami:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1744 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eumnu ilinde \u015eerif Halil Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan \u015eerif Halil Camii, halk aras\u0131nda Tombul Camii olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck camisi olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinin tamam\u0131yla korunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu tek eserdir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"212\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/seyahatdergisi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/tombul-cami2-e1423744228568.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Tombul Camii ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"430\"><strong>Tombul Camii \u2013 Shumen (\u015eumnu) Cami:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1744 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eumnu ilinde \u015eerif Halil Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan \u015eerif Halil Camii, halk aras\u0131nda Tombul Camii olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck camisi olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinin tamam\u0131yla korunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu tek eserdir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"217\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fa\/Maktul_ibrahim_Pasa_Camii_%28Razgrad%29.jpg\/300px-Maktul_ibrahim_Pasa_Camii_%28Razgrad%29.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c4\u00b0brahim Pa\u00c5\u009fa Camii ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>\u0130brahim Pa\u015fa Camii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Balkanlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc camisi olma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip olan \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa camii, Balkanlarda Osmanl\u0131lara ait ayakta kalm\u0131\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck sanat eseridir. \u0130n\u015faat\u0131 1530 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n sadrazam\u0131 Pargal\u0131 Damat \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan<\/p>\n<p>ba\u015flat\u0131lan camii k\u0131rk y\u0131ld\u0131r ibadete kapal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"220\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gezimanya.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/650xheight\/public\/National_Archaeological_Museum_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria_%28Entrance%29.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u00c4\u00b0lgili resim\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"422\"><strong>Sofya B\u00fcy\u00fck Camii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As\u0131l ad\u0131 Koca Mahmut Pa\u015fa olan camii Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Sofya\u2019da bulunur. \u0130n\u015faas\u0131na vezir Mahmut Pa\u015fa d\u00f6neminde (1451) ba\u015flanan fakat ancak Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden 20 y\u0131l sonra(1494) tamamlanabilen Camii 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131 Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hastane, sonraki y\u0131llarda k\u00fct\u00fcphane olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1892 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren de Sofya Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"217\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.trthaber.com\/resimler\/938000\/938356.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Banyaba\u00c5\u009f\u00c4\u00b1 Camii ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>Banyaba\u015f\u0131 Camii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti zaman\u0131nda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Sofya\u2019da in\u015fa edilen cami, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en eski camilerinden biridir. Yap\u0131m tarihi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli tarihler yaz\u0131lsa da 1566 y\u0131l\u0131 kabul edilmektedir. Mimar Sinan taraf\u0131ndan tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. En dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00f6zelli\u011fi geni\u015f kubbesi ve minare y\u00fcksekli\u011fidir. Cami Molla Efendi Kad\u0131 Seyfullah ad\u0131nda bir hay\u0131rseverin \u00f6len kar\u0131s\u0131 ruhuna yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 kaynaklarda Seyfullah Efendi Camii olarak yaz\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Cami bug\u00fcn adeta Bulgar ba\u015fkentinin simgesi durumundad\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"288\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.turizmhaberleri.com\/img\/haber\/manset\/cumacamii.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Cuma (H\u00c3\u00bcdavendig\u00c3\u00a2r Camii) Camii, Filibe ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"354\"><strong>Cuma (H\u00fcdavendig\u00e2r Camii) Camii, Filibe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1364 y\u0131l\u0131nda Filibe\u2019de in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olan Cuma Camii, Sultan I. Murad d\u00f6nemi yap\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u201cH\u00fcdavendigar Camii\u201d olarak da an\u0131l\u0131r. H\u00fcdavendigar Camii 1364 y\u0131l\u0131nda Filibe\u2019nin fethinden sonra yap\u0131lan ilk camidir. 4\/1995 say\u0131l\u0131 Kararname ile Bulgaristan Milli Mimari K\u00fclt\u00fcr An\u0131t\u0131 ilan edilen yap\u0131 bu g\u00fcn kendi ad\u0131 ile an\u0131lan Cuma Camii meydan\u0131nda ve Filibe\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndad\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde ise yine al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezinin Meri\u00e7 Nehri&#8217;ne do\u011fru ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Camiden sonra Pazar, bu g\u00fcn varolmayan Kur\u015funlu Han, \u0130maret camii ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmektedir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"217\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.beautifulmosque.com\/PostImages\/Thumbnails\/Osman-Pazvantoglu-Mosque-in-Vidin-Bulgaria.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Osman Pazvanto\u00c4\u009flu Camii ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>Osman Pazvanto\u011flu Camii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1801-1802 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cami ile birlikte Pazvanto\u011flu K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cami ibadete a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"217\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/45\/Karaca_Pasa_Mosque.jpg\/250px-Karaca_Pasa_Mosque.jpg\" alt=\"Karaca Pa\u00c5\u009fa Camii ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>Karaca Pa\u015fa Camii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Caminin in\u015faat tarihi kesin olmamakla birlikte (1480 &#8211; 1490) tarih\u00e7ilerin verdikleri bilgiler do\u011frultusunda XV. as\u0131rda in\u015fa edildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Alt\u0131 k\u00f6\u015feli olarak Gotse Del\u00e7ev kasabas\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen cami, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminden k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131 olarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cami harabe durumda olup ibadete a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fildir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"217\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kircaalihaber.com\/tr_haber_images\/photo_verybig_5173880120011.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Kur\u00c5\u009funlu Camii karlovo ile ilgili g\u00c3\u00b6rsel sonucu\" \/><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>Kur\u015funlu Camii<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>XV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Karl\u0131 \u0130li Mehmet Bey taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Kesme ta\u015ftan yap\u0131lan cami d\u00f6rtgen \u015feklinde in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Caminin minaresi yoktur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1616214765\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nevzat \u00d6ZT\u00dcRK Ba\u015fta Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahlar\u0131 ve saray mensuplar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lgede faaliyet g\u00f6steren ak\u0131nc\u0131 ve sancak beyleri, ulem\u00e2 ve \u00f6zellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle Anadolu\u2019dan buraya isk\u00e2n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":25531,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33989","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Nevzat.jpg?fit=184%2C194&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-8Qd","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33989","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33989"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33989\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25531"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33989"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33989"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33989"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}