{"id":3338,"date":"2013-07-05T18:20:53","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T15:20:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=3338"},"modified":"2013-07-14T19:26:59","modified_gmt":"2013-07-14T16:26:59","slug":"parlamentoyu-kusatma-gelenegi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/parlamentoyu-kusatma-gelenegi\/","title":{"rendered":"Parlamentoyu Ku\u015fatma Gelene\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bizdeki demokrasiye ge\u00e7i\u015f a\u015famas\u0131nda siyasi kitlesel direni\u015fin en belirgin, tekrar eden ve etkin bi\u00e7im olarak PARLAMETOYU KU\u015eATMA ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 23 g\u00fcnden beri g\u00fc\u00e7 toplayan ve ilk a\u015famas\u0131 MAFYA\u2019n\u0131n politikadan el \u00e7ekmesini hedeflerken, ikinci a\u015famas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u0130ST\u0130FA etmesini ve daha \u015feffaf siyasete ge\u00e7ilmesini hedefleyen YEN\u0130 TOPLUMSAL MUHALEFET olu\u015fturdu. Bu muhalefetin ana ak\u0131m\u0131nda S\u0130V\u0130L TOPLUM \u00d6RG\u00dcTLER\u0130 yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"Rafet<\/a>
Rafet Ulut\u00fcrk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sofya\u2019da \u201cKartal K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u201d (Orlov Most), \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Meydan\u0131\u201d (Plostad Nezav\u0131s\u0131most) ve Parlamento\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresi yani \u201cKurtar\u0131c\u0131 \u00c7ar\u201d (Tsar Osvoboditel) meydan\u0131 politik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 oldu.
\n20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda bizdeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck miting 1990 bahar\u0131nda \u201cKartal K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u201dde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130lk kez 1 milyon ki\u015fi bir araya toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve totalitarizmi lanetlerken demokrasiyi hayata \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Bu mitingde bizdeki demokrasi m\u00fccadelesinin atas\u0131 olan Jely\u00fc Jelev Demokratik G\u00fc\u00e7ler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin totaliter rejim modeli \u00fczerindeki kesin zaferini ve T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00fcn salan Todor Jivkov\u2019un zorba rejiminin tarihin mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ilan etmi\u015fti.
\nBulgaristan tarihinde Sofya parlamentosu ilk defa 30 Aral\u0131k 1989 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fclkemizin d\u00f6rt bir taraf\u0131ndan toplanan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Pomak karde\u015flerimiz taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131. De\u011fi\u015ftirilen isimlerin iadesini ve din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc isteyen kad\u0131n erkek, gen\u00e7 ya\u015fl\u0131 g\u00f6stericiler, Balkan Yar\u0131madas\u0131 tarihinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck, en uzun ve bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 itaatsizlik ve pasif direni\u015f \u00f6rne\u011fiyle hedeflerine ula\u015ft\u0131. Boyun e\u011fmeyenler 30 Aral\u0131k 1989 ak\u015fam\u0131 ibadet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015ftular ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman isimlerini geri ald\u0131lar. Bu m\u00fccadele \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130simleri ilk kez, 1913\u2019te Bulgar isimleriyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015fleri. O zaman Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u2019\u0131n\u0131n Sofya Askeri Ata\u015fesi g\u00f6revinde bulunan,\u00a0 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u00f6zel politik gayretleri ve g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ince diplomatik yakla\u015f\u0131mla daha ayn\u0131 y\u0131l isimlerini ve dini haklar\u0131n\u0131 geri alabilmi\u015flerdi.
\n1936\u2019da sertle\u015fen \u00c7ar rejiminin gizli bask\u0131 uygulayarak Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcnsel ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmasa da, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda iyice az\u0131tt\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r \u00e7ilesiyle paralel M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Pomak T\u00fcrklerini Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p eritme politikalar\u0131 \u00e7ok yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131.
\nSosyalist devlet \u00f6z ilkelerine ihanet ederek geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi Pomaklar\u0131 asimile etme siyasetini 70\u2019li, y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yeniden ate\u015fledi. Devlet milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fiyle gelen ter\u00f6r ve bask\u0131ya itaatsizlik 1972\u2019de doruk nokras\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131. Dayanamayanlar Rila-Rodop k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri Nevrekop (Gotse Del\u00e7ev) y\u00f6resinde ayakland\u0131. \u00c7ok kurban verdiler, b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da aile s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi, hapishaneler kimlik, hak adalet u\u011fruna sava\u015fan direni\u015f\u00e7ilerle doldu ta\u015ft\u0131.
\n1989 Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n kuru so\u011fu\u011funda Sofya\u2019daki parlamento ku\u015fatmas\u0131 100 y\u0131ll\u0131k ezgin birikimin devlet \u00f6n\u00fcne yani sar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131m \u00fczerine d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyd\u00fc. Kitlesel bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 boyun e\u011fmeme eyleminin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken Hasan Byalkov, bu ayaklanmay\u0131 gizlilik kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek ba\u015far\u0131ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.
\n1993\u2019te Sofya Parlamentosunu Demokratik G\u00fc\u00e7ler Birli\u011fi kitlesi sard\u0131. g\u00fcnlerce s\u00fcren ku\u015fatma \u00e7emberi giderek darald\u0131. Camlar k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Direni\u015f\u00e7iler binaya girdi ve talana ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Onlar, Sosyalistler Parti\u2019nin lideri Ba\u015fbakan Videnov h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131. Ku\u015fatma\u00e7\u0131lar muzaffer oldular. O d\u00f6nem ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik ve mali \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ya\u015fan\u0131yordu. 1 US Dolar\u0131- 37 leva olmu\u015f, maa\u015flar 5-6 Dolara d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ekonomik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fle olu\u015fan i\u015fsizlik ordusu yollara meydanlara s\u0131\u011fm\u0131yordu.
\n2013 Bulgar halk kitlesinde sosyal depremle ba\u015flad\u0131.
\n\u201cKartal K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u201d kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda polis bir g\u00f6sterici genci dayaktan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcnce Ba\u015fbakan Borisov, istifa etmek zorunda kald\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kitle yerli yabanc\u0131 elektrik mafyas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\n12 May\u0131s 2013 se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeyen Sofya ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 ve \u00fclkemizin orta tabakas\u0131, gen\u00e7ler tam 21 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce eylemlerine ba\u015flad\u0131. G\u00f6steriler \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d Meydan\u0131\u2019ndan Parlamento ku\u015fatmas\u0131na meydan de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.
\nBu iki meydandaki isteklerde baz\u0131 farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nler vard\u0131.
\n\u0130lk a\u015famada, Bakanlar Kurulu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d Meydan\u0131nda toplanan kalabal\u0131k,\u00a0 yeni kurulan h\u00fck\u00fcmetin orta\u011f\u0131 olan H\u00d6H\/DPS partisinin fahri ba\u015fkan\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda yeralt\u0131 Bulgar mafyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli \u00f6nderi; hem de gizli servisin k\u0131demli ajanlar\u0131ndan olan ve son zamanda pek insan aras\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kamayan Ahmet Do\u011fan partiler \u00fcst\u00fc ve politik iradeyi hi\u00e7e sayan bir tav\u0131rla, mafyac\u0131 D. Peevski\u2019yi meclis karar\u0131yla istihbarat organ\u0131 DANS Ba\u015fkan\u0131 atatmas\u0131n\u0131 protesto etti ve bu karar\u0131n\u0131 BUZDU.
\nBu kitlesel eylem BA\u015eARILI oldu. Ve art\u0131k bizde ayd\u0131n tabaka ile sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli n\u00fcfus sahibi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi.
\nBulgar bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan haberler, DANS Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na D. Peevski\u2019nin atanmas\u0131 yolunun kesilmesinin \u00e7ok isabetli bir geli\u015fme oldu\u011funa yeni kan\u0131tlar getirdi. Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, 2007 ile 2011 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bulgar Ulusal \u0130stihbarat Dairesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan ve 2012\u2019de emekli olan General Kir\u00e7o Kirov hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc soru\u015fturma sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Bu istihbarat ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n her y\u0131l devletten ortalama 900 000 leva para \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.
\nD. Peevski g\u00f6revde kalm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 ne kadar \u00e7alacakt\u0131 bir Allah bilir. A. Do\u011fan\u0131n amac\u0131 da i\u015fte bu olmal\u0131. Ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcler hepimizi t\u00fcm Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 \u00f6yle de\u011fil mi?
\nBundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki, Parlamentoyu ku\u015fatanlar daha a\u00e7\u0131k, daha \u015feffaf bir politika istiyorlar; se\u00e7im yasas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini ve mafya s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc, vergi ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, yalanc\u0131 \u00e7etelerine MECL\u0130S YOLUNUN EBED\u0130YEN KAPANMASININDA D\u0130REN\u0130YORLAR VE HER G\u00dcN DAHA B\u00dcY\u00dcK DESTEK BULUYOR.
\nSofya\u2019da, politik partilerden destek almadan,\u00a0 30 sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fclke tarihinde en uzun s\u00fcre ve kesin itaatsizlik g\u00f6stererek 20 bin ki\u015fiyi sokaklarda ve meydanlarda tutabiliyorsa, hepimiz yepyeni YEN\u0130 B\u0130R POL\u0130T\u0130K OLGUYLA Y\u00dcZY\u00dcZEY\u0130Z.
\nBulgaristan\u2019da POST-MODERN direni\u015f hareketi geli\u015fiyor.
\nBu direni\u015f \u015fekli, bilinen, mevcut muhalefet hareketlerinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu fark 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ileti\u015fim devrimleriyle besleniyor. Bu, bilinen klasik politikan\u0131n olu\u015fum, patlama ve geli\u015fim bi\u00e7imlerini hurdaya \u00e7\u0131karan bir yeniliktir. Bir defa bu ku\u015fatmalar belirli ideolojik motivasyonlar yerine SOMUT SORUNLARDAN HAREKETLE \u00d6RG\u00dcTLENMEKTED\u0130R. \u00d6rne\u011fin Peevski\u2019nin istifas\u0131; Ahmet Do\u011fan\u2019\u0131n politikadan el \u00e7ekmesi;\u00a0 Ba\u015fbakan Ore\u015farski h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin istifas\u0131 v.b. ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen ve \u015fiddetlenen \u0131srarla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen eylemlerdir.
\nBu kitle hareketlerine kat\u0131lanlar apolitik ya da bencil ki\u015filer de\u011fildir.
\nModern ileti\u015fim teknolojisini en aktif bir bi\u00e7imde kullanan direni\u015f\u00e7iler hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz toplumun yeni bilin\u00e7li n\u00fcvesini olu\u015fturuyor. Hareketin herhangi bir politik partinin kuyru\u011funa tak\u0131lmamas\u0131 dikkati \u00e7ekiyor.
\nV. Siderov gibi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i politik liderlerin lanetlenmesi ve \u201cAtaka\u201d partisine \u00f6nem verilmemesi de \u00f6nemli olgunluk belirtileridir.
\nBu geni\u015fleyen sivil toplum hareketlerinin i\u00e7inde Bult\u00fcrk, Balg\u00f6\u00e7, Balkan T\u00fcrkleri ve daha bir\u00e7ok soyda\u015f dernek ve federasyonunun modern ileti\u015fimi \u00e7ok yo\u011fun kullanarak her gence, her ayd\u0131na her k\u00f6ye ve \u015fehre ula\u015fma \u00e7abalar\u0131 taraftar kazan\u0131rken,\u00a0 takdir edilmelidir.
\nBu kitle hareketler bir de \u015funlara i\u015faret etmektedir.
\n1.\u00a0\u00a0 Totalitarizm kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131ndan demokratikle\u015fmeye ve daha adil ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir topluma ge\u00e7me sanc\u0131lar\u0131ndan kurtulamayan Bulgaristan, tarihsel politik \u00f6devlerini yerine getiremeyen, toplumun t\u0131kanm\u0131\u015f geli\u015fim damarlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mayan politik partilerden kesinlikle y\u00fcz \u00e7evirip yeni politik \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imleri arama yoluna y\u00f6nelecektir.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0 Sokaklar\u0131n ve meydanlar\u0131n mesaj\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bulgar toplumunda ve orada ya\u015fayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a devletin yeniden bi\u00e7imlenmesi zorunlu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0 Her bireyin, her sivil kurulu\u015fun toplumdaki sesinin duyulaca\u011f\u0131 hukuka dayanan adil ve \u00f6rg\u00fcr bir toplum d\u00fczeni kuruculu\u011funda hep beraber olal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Rafet Ulut\u00fcrk<\/b><\/p>