{"id":32532,"date":"2018-10-17T17:54:04","date_gmt":"2018-10-17T14:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=32532"},"modified":"2018-10-17T17:54:04","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T14:54:04","slug":"tarihimizden-bilmemiz-gerekenler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/tarihimizden-bilmemiz-gerekenler\/","title":{"rendered":"Tarihimizden Bilmemiz Gerekenler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 16 Ekim 2018<\/p>\n<p>Yazan: Neriman E. Kalyoncuo\u011flu<\/p>\n<p>Konu<strong>:\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 tan\u0131yal\u0131m. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;a gidip geldik\u00e7e orda ya\u015fayan gen\u00e7lerimize Osmanl\u0131 devri ile ilgili bir\u00e7ok defa yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi verildi\u011fine inan\u0131yorum. Okul ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerdeki kitaplarda \u00e7arp\u0131k ve k\u0131t bilgiler yer al\u0131rken, demokrasi y\u0131llar\u0131nda da ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 bilgi verilmiyor. 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 devri karanl\u0131kta veya alaca-karanl\u0131kta hatta bir\u00e7ok yanlar\u0131 Andora Kutusu i\u00e7inde kapal\u0131 tutulduk\u00e7a Bulgarlarla T\u00fcrklerin ve di\u011fer az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n birbirini anlamas\u0131 daha da zorla\u015f\u0131yor. \u201c<strong>Muhte\u015fem <\/strong><strong>Y<\/strong><strong>\u00fczy\u0131l<\/strong>\u201d serisinden \u201c<strong>K\u00f6sem<\/strong>\u201d, \u201c<strong>H\u00fcrrem<\/strong>\u201d, \u201c<strong>Payitah<\/strong>t\u201d\u00a0 gibi diziler bilgi y\u00fckl\u00fc olsa da, Bulgaristan\u2019da s\u00fcr\u00fcp giden tart\u0131\u015fmalara sanki doyurucu yan\u0131t getirmiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Yerli bilim insanlar\u0131ndan Ahmet Sadullov\u2019un \u201c<strong>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun Tarihi<\/strong>\u201d,\u00a0\u00a0 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444. \u0420\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u2019in 13. Y\u00fczy\u0131l karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6ken \u201c<strong>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Tarihi<\/strong>\u201d \u00e7eviri eserinde Balkanlar ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir bicimde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da 42 leva verip bu 1000 sayfal\u0131k kitab\u0131 alan ve Bulgarca okuyan ka\u00e7 ki\u015fimiz var?<br \/>\nBernard Luis\u2019in \u201c<b>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin\u00a0Do\u011fu\u015fu<\/b>\u201d, \u201c<strong>Bursal\u0131 Ahmet Pa\u015fa<\/strong>\u201d, \u201c<strong>Reformcu Mithat Pa\u015fa<\/strong>\u201d vb bir\u00e7ok eser yay\u0131nland\u0131. Fakat Osmanl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini avucunun i\u00e7i gibi bilen ve de\u011ferlerini savunan birilerine rastlamak olduk\u00e7a zor.\u00a0 Gen\u00e7ler tarihe onar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, eski tarih penceresinden bakmaya devam ediyor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3857378168\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>K\u0131sa bir pop\u00fcler dizi olarak sunmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamda orada tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve bir\u00e7ok kez kaynak yetersizli\u011finden ger\u00e7eklere nokta at\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapamayan can al\u0131c\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k sorulara de\u011finmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Osmanl\u0131 Devleti nas\u0131l ve nerede do\u011fmu\u015ftur?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 devleti baz\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz devletleri gibi bir anla\u015fma, bir par\u00e7alanma ya da birle\u015fme ya da istila sonucu do\u011fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131lar devlet kurma i\u015fine, Anadolu Sel\u00e7uk devletine tabi ve onun himayesinde, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u201c<strong>u\u00e7 beyli\u011fi<\/strong>\u201d olarak yani s\u0131n\u0131rda yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve oralar\u0131 korumak, f\u0131rsat bulduk\u00e7a da kom\u015fu topraklara ak\u0131nlar yapmak amac\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sel\u00e7uklar\u0131n (1308) devlet olarak tarihten silinmesinden sonra, k\u0131sa bir m\u00fcddet merkezi Tebriz olan \u0130lhanl\u0131lara (1256-1336) tabi olmu\u015flar, onlar\u0131n da y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve serbest olarak kendi yollar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Orta Asya k\u00f6kenli, bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck topluluk, <strong>O\u011fuz boyunun Kay\u0131 a\u015firetinden<\/strong> olup, \u00f6nceleri 50 bin ki\u015fi kadar Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkistan ve Do\u011fu Anadolu ile kuzey Suriye y\u00f6relerinde dola\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra 400 aile ayr\u0131larak Bizans (330-1453) topraklar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rda\u015f, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti topraklar\u0131ndaki Bilecik y\u00f6resinde bulunan S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct b\u00f6lgesine Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n izniyle yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Bizans\u2019a kom\u015fu bu b\u00f6lgeye geli\u015fte toplulu\u011fun lideri <strong>Ertu\u011frul Bey<\/strong>\u2019dir. 620 y\u0131l ya\u015fayacak olan ve d\u00fcnya tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck imparatorlu\u011funun temellerini (1299) atan ise, S\u00f6\u011f\u00fctte do\u011fan o\u011flu <strong>Osman Gazi<\/strong>\u2019dir (1258 -1324).<\/p><div id=\"bghab-331478061\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 devletini 36 Padi\u015fah y\u00f6netmi\u015ftir. Osman Bey\u2019i o\u011flu Orhan (1324-1362) takip etmi\u015ftir. 1336\u2019da Bursa\u2019y\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f ve <strong>Ba\u015fkent<\/strong> ilan etmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk ba\u015fkent Bursa\u2019d\u0131r. Onun ard\u0131ndan o\u011flu I. Murat devleti y\u00f6netirken Anadolu\u2019daki beylikleri birle\u015ftirirken, yeni beylikler fethetti veya sat\u0131n ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Balkan hakimiyetinin ba\u015flamas\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>O, Rumeli\u2019ye bir Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7ti. 1360\u2019ta Edirne\u2019yi fethedip ba\u015fkent yapt\u0131. Balkanlarda 2 defa Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Ordular\u0131yla sava\u015ft\u0131. Daha Edirne\u2019ye yerle\u015fti\u011finde Papa V. Urban&#8217;\u0131n te\u015fvikiyle S\u0131rplar ve Bulgarlar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Macar, Bosna ve Eflakl\u0131lar, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusu haz\u0131rlayarak Edirne \u00fczerine harekete ge\u00e7tiler, ama yenildiler. Sultan\u0131n ha\u00e7l\u0131larla ikinci y\u00fczle\u015fmesi Kosova Ovas\u0131nda oldu.<br \/>\nO, \u00a0I. Kosova Zaferi diye tarihe ge\u00e7en zaferle ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordular\u0131n\u0131 yendi ve 500 y\u0131l kadar s\u00fcrecek olan <strong>Balkan Hakimiyetini ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f oldu<\/strong>. Ancak bu g\u00fczellikler aras\u0131nda, Milo\u015f Obili\u00e7 adl\u0131 yaral\u0131 bir S\u0131rp askeri taraf\u0131ndan han\u00e7erle vurulan Birinci Sultan \u015fehid edildi (20.6.1389) ve Bursa\u2019da kendi ad\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131lan Cami haziresine g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Balkanlara h\u00e2kim olmu\u015f, Bulgaristan tamamen Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7erken S\u0131rbistan\u2019\u0131n da \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 feth edilmi\u015fti. 37 muharebeyi bizzat y\u00f6neten Sult\u00e2n Murad, 27 y\u0131lda babas\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 miras\u0131 5 kat art\u0131rarak 500.000 km2\u2019lik bir b\u00fcy\u00fck devleti Osmanl\u0131 milletine miras b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130slam\u2019la yeni devlet d\u00fczeninin Balkanlara ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sultan I. Murat \u0130slam dinini ve medeniyetini Balkanlara ve Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131yan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdard\u0131. O \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yenile\u015ftiren \u0130slam\u2019la kurulan toplum d\u00fczeniydi. O, \u00a0Anadolu\u2019dan \u00f6nce Rumeli\u2019de yenilikler uygulad\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4090114512\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Onlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: Acemi-o\u011flanlar Oca\u011f\u0131, Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131, Top\u00e7u Oca\u011f\u0131 kurdu; Pen\u00e7ik (be\u015fte bir) sistemi uygulad\u0131; Rumeli Beylerbeyli\u011fi kurdu; T\u0131mar Sistemine ge\u00e7ti ve T\u0131marl\u0131 Sipahiler olu\u015fturdu; Kazaskerlik ve Defterdarl\u0131k makam\u0131 kurdu; Vezir-i azam (ba\u015fbakan) atad\u0131. \u201c<strong>\u00dclke h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ve o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n ortak mal\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ettirdi. Burada yeni bir e\u011fitim \u00f6\u011fretim sisteminden, toprak m\u00fclkiyeti ve i\u015fletmecili\u011finden, daha \u00f6nce tesis edilmemi\u015f olan bir devlet hiyerar\u015fik y\u00f6netim d\u00fczeninden s\u00f6z ediyoruz. Bu, birbirine \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve birbirini tamamlayan dikey bir devlet y\u00f6netim sistemidir ve daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7bir devlette rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O \u00e7a\u011fda, Bulgaristan\u2019da ancak yatay bir ya\u015fam d\u00fczeninden ve halka yabanc\u0131 ve k\u00f6rle\u015ftirici bir dini bask\u0131 sisteminden s\u00f6z edebiliriz. Bu nedenle, Osmanl\u0131 Bulgaristan&#8217;a yerle\u015firken <strong>Edirne, Kosova ve Varna\u2019da olmak \u00fczere 3 kez Bulgar ordular\u0131yla de\u011fil, Roma\u2019dan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131p, derlenerek silahlanan ve Osmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fclen Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferiyle<\/strong> sava\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izliyoruz. Yeri gelmi\u015fken an\u0131msamak iyi olur, XIV. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda I. Murat ordular\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 silahlar ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131n f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kopyalardan \u00e7ok daha \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fc. Birinci Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131nda I. Murat ilk kez Top kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Osmanl\u0131 ordular\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik milletlerin en e\u011fitimli evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n yenilmez alaylar\u0131yd\u0131. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu dizimizde, do\u011fuda ve bat\u0131da \u00e7\u0131kan eserlerden hi\u00e7 birinde, hi\u00e7bir kimsenin a\u00e7 ve a\u00e7\u0131kta b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, fakir zengin, M\u00fcslim gayr\u0131 M\u00fcslim her kesin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir huzur ve sadet i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir toplumsal d\u00fczeni \u2013 300 y\u0131l Balkanlarda sava\u015f ya\u015fanmayan bir Osmanl\u0131y\u0131, anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Osmanl\u0131 ordular\u0131 i\u015fte bu daha \u00f6nce rastlanmam\u0131\u015f olan huzur ortam\u0131ndan e\u011fitimli birlikler olarak \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kudretini, destekleyen halktan alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda, Birinci Murat\u2019\u0131n Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131 ve Yeni\u00e7eri askeri kuruculu\u011funu \u00f6zel olarak i\u015flemek istiyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan\u2019da bu \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir konudur. Sava\u015f esirlerinin e\u011fitimiyle ba\u015flayan bu askeri d\u00fczen bir yeniliktir. Giderek dikey \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f bir devletin temellerini ve s\u00fctunlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da bu olaya \u201c<b>Hristiyan\u00a0erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 zorla toplay\u0131p \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/b>\u201d \u015feklinde olumsuz anlam verilirken XX. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda esas\u0131z asimilasyon ideolojisi ve devlet siyasetine temel edildi. Ge\u00e7en asr\u0131n y\u00fcz karas\u0131 oldu. Deniz dalgalar\u0131 gibi art arda gelen isim ve din de\u011fi\u015ftirme kampanyalar\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk\u00fcn \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine, i\u00e7eri d\u00fc\u015fmesine veya ata oca\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp kovulmas\u0131na, at\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u201c<strong>k\u00fclt\u00fcrel soyk\u0131r\u0131ma<\/strong>\u201d, zulme de neden oldu.\u00a0 Tarihin \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131zlamaya devam eden kapanmam\u0131\u015f yaralar a\u00e7t\u0131, toplum b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc. \u00c7ok \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc, ac\u0131 ve onar\u0131m\u0131 imkans\u0131z feci olaylar do\u011furdu.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3100179279\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda yeni\u00e7eri ocaklar\u0131nda e\u011fitimle T\u00fcrk ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131, \u0130slam ahlak\u0131n\u0131, sanat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenmekle ba\u015flayan yeni\u00e7erilik Osmanl\u0131 devletinin hiyerar\u015fisine y\u00fckselmenin en emin yoludur. Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131 bu e\u011fitim ve olgunla\u015fma yoldan ge\u00e7erken kendini kan\u0131tlayamayan hi\u00e7bir kimseyi devlet y\u00f6netiminde g\u00f6revlendirmemi\u015ftir, d\u00fcr\u00fcst ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilmi\u015ftir. \u015eu tablo bunu g\u00f6sterir:<\/p>\n<p>Kitapla\u015fm\u0131\u015f tasniflere g\u00f6re, Osmanl\u0131 boyunca gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f 230 kadar Sadrazamdan (Ba\u015fbakan) yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131 T\u00fcrk as\u0131l\u0131 olup, onlar\u0131n yan\u0131 <strong>s\u0131ra 22 Arnavut, 10 G\u00fcrc\u00fc, 5 \u00c7erkez, 5 H\u0131rvat, 6 Abaza, 2 Hersekli, 10 Bo\u015fnak ve ayr\u0131ca 2 \u0130talyan, 3 Rum, 1 Arap, 1 Bulgar, 1 Rus as\u0131ll\u0131 ba\u015fbakan g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>. Demek oluyor ki tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck devletinin Ba\u015fbakan koltu\u011funa oturan bu ki\u015fisel, Osmanl\u0131 ocaklar\u0131nda e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f ve hiyerar\u015fide sivrilmi\u015f yabanc\u0131 k\u00f6kenli elemanlard\u0131r. Bu olgu, Bulgaristan\u2019da i\u015fitmekten tiksindi\u011fimiz gibi, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011fnaz olmad\u0131klar\u0131na, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131ktan, etnik ve dini temele dayanarak insan kay\u0131rmaktan (diskriminasyondan) ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131na, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc (tolerans) yanl\u0131s\u0131 olduklar\u0131na ve adil davranarak, zeki, deneyimli, birikimli, kapasitesi olanlara hakk\u0131n\u0131 verdiklerini, onlar\u0131 en m\u00fchim, en sorumlu mevkilere kadar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fbakan, bakan, general, amiral, ba\u015f komutan ve komutan, u\u00e7 beyi vb durumlara getirdiklerine say\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6rnekler oldu\u011funa kan\u0131tt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>Muhte\u015fem Y\u00fczy\u0131l<\/strong>\u201d filminde ve Bulgarca da bas\u0131lan \u201c<strong>Roksalana<\/strong>\u201d eserinde de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman&#8217;\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ve uzun \u2013 15 y\u0131l \u2013 ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olan, babas\u0131 Dalma\u00e7yal\u0131 \u0130talyan k\u00f6kenli, anas\u0131 <strong>Rum Damat \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa (Pargal\u0131)<\/strong> olarak \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Kanuni gibi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00fcnl\u00fc bir padi\u015fah ona \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck yetkiler tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f, en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revleri vermi\u015f, tam itimat g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Keza, Osmanl\u0131 b\u00fcrokrasisinin bir\u00e7ok kesiminde b\u00f6yle elemanlara k\u0131ymetli g\u00f6revler verilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Fatih Mehmet\u2019in ordusuna top yapan Usta Urban ve Osmanl\u0131da ilk matbaay\u0131 kuran \u0130brahim M\u00fcteferrika da Macar as\u0131ll\u0131 olup Osmanl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerdi. Ba\u015fka bir \u00f6rnek, 1835\u2019te Osmanl\u0131\u2019da D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuruldu. 1922\u2019de da\u011f\u0131lana kadar ge\u00e7en 86 y\u0131lda bu bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6neten <strong>71 bakan aras\u0131nda ikisi Rum, Birisi Ermeni ve bir di\u011feri de Levanten as\u0131ll\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Bu dizimizde, toplumsal huzurun tarihsel de\u011ferler \u00fczerinde ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe varmakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunurken, ge\u00e7mi\u015fe ait ger\u00e7eklerin g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karken anlam de\u011fi\u015ftiremeyece\u011finden hareketle, uzla\u015f\u0131-m\u0131z\u0131n ortak noktalar\u0131na i\u015faret edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc okudunuz.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2788894891\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Devam edecek.<\/p>\n<p>Birlikte olal\u0131m ve ayn\u0131 de\u011ferlerde bulu\u015fal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>Kendinize iyi bak\u0131n\u0131z. Dostlar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1345966974\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 16 Ekim 2018 Yazan: Neriman E. Kalyoncuo\u011flu Konu:\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 tan\u0131yal\u0131m. Bulgaristan&#8217;a gidip geldik\u00e7e orda ya\u015fayan gen\u00e7lerimize Osmanl\u0131 devri ile ilgili bir\u00e7ok defa yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":32227,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-8sI","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/neriman.jpg?fit=145%2C192&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32532"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32532\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}