{"id":32245,"date":"2018-09-10T21:36:30","date_gmt":"2018-09-10T18:36:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=32245"},"modified":"2018-09-10T21:36:30","modified_gmt":"2018-09-10T18:36:30","slug":"ulkede-yabanci-yatirimlarda-cokus-yasaniyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/ulkede-yabanci-yatirimlarda-cokus-yasaniyor\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dclkede yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlarda \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fan\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da otorite sahibi ve yetkili i\u015fveren \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Bulgar Sanayi Odas\u0131 (B\u0131lgarska Stopanska Kamara) \u00fclkede yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar hakk\u0131nda son 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7in \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 veriler payla\u015ft\u0131. Bu zaman i\u00e7erisinde yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlarmutlak anlamda 10 kat, Gayri Safi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131la (GSY\u0130H) y\u00fczdesi olarak ise 14 kat azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2007 y\u0131l\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 milyar olan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar 2017\u2019de 900 milyon avroya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, GSY\u0130H y\u00fczdesi olarak ise 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 28\u2019den 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 2\u2019ye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. 2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemine k\u0131yasla yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n daralmas\u0131 devam ediyor ve iki kat azalarak 487. 2 milyon avrodan 246. 2 milyon avroya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan, Balkan Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019nda onunla ekonomik bak\u0131mdan benzer olan di\u011fer \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yine iyi bir performans sergilemeyerek geride kal\u0131yor. Bulgaristan, kom\u015fular\u0131 Yunanistan, T\u00fcrkiye, S\u0131rbistan ve H\u0131rvatistan aras\u0131nda yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hacmi konusunda da son s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu veriler Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00e7ekmede bir sorunu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dclke yeterli ulusal sermayeye sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, modernizasyonu, ekonomideki b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelecek finansal enjeksiyonlara dayan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dclke d\u00fcnya veya en az\u0131ndan k\u0131ta \u00e7ap\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketleri \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir piyasaya sahip.<\/p>\n<p>Sadece n\u00fcfus a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan vatanda\u015flar\u0131 AB\u2019de en fakir. Ortak Avrupa pazar\u0131na eri\u015fim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok k\u0131ta harici \u00fclke i\u00e7in Bulgaristan\u2019da yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmak Ortak pazara eri\u015fimi te\u015fvik ediyor olmal\u0131. Fakat pratikte Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 yine Avrupa \u00fclkeleri oluyor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1781134040\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan Sanayi Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n analizine g\u00f6re 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00f6nde gelen yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 olarak 885 milyon avro ile Hollanda yer al\u0131yor, ard\u0131ndan her birinin yakla\u015f\u0131k 130 milyon avro yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ile Almanya ve \u0130svi\u00e7re geliyor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 milyon avro yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ile kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler T\u00fcrkiye ve Yunanistan da iyi temsil edilmekte.<\/p>\n<p>Bununla birlikte, \u00fclkeden \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne (-301 milyon avro), Avusturya\u2019ya (-142 milyon avro) ve Norve\u00e7\u2019e (-70 milyon avro) sermaye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n daha fazla yabanc\u0131 sermaye \u00e7ekmeye y\u00f6nelik\u00a0 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir avantaj\u0131, ucuz maliyette nitelikli i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc sunmas\u0131yd\u0131, ancak bu i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc art\u0131k \u00fclkemizde faaliyet g\u00f6steren yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar i\u00e7in bile yeterli de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>Memnun edici i\u015f ve maa\u015flara sahip, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na daha s\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kabilen i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcnden dolay\u0131\u00a0 Bulgaristan\u2019da ucuz ve nitelikli i\u015f\u00e7iler ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kald\u0131. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Bulgarlar olmas\u0131 bir tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda onlar Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan yak\u0131nlar\u0131na 1.15 milyar avro g\u00f6ndermi\u015flerdir. Bu da 2016 y\u0131l\u0131na k\u0131yasla 284 milyon avro daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 ararken\u00a0 bir di\u011fer avantaj\u0131 da ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin \u00f6dedi\u011fi y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131ndaki gelir vergisidir. Verginin taraftarlar\u0131\u00a0 yeni yat\u0131r\u0131mlar \u00e7ekmesini umuyordu, fakat bunun\u00a0 da bir yan\u0131lg\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda devreye girmesi ile yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar giderek azald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Baz\u0131 sosyolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar bu vergiye \u00e7ok \u00f6nem vermiyor ve onlar i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u00a0 k\u00f6t\u00fc ula\u015f\u0131m ve enerji altyap\u0131s\u0131, \u201cyolsuzlu\u011fa batm\u0131\u015f\u201d ve niteliksiz y\u00f6netim, adalet sisteminde istikrar ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik eksikli\u011fidir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1601226000\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>D\u00fcnyada yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7ekmek istemeyen \u00fclke neredeyse yoktur, bu ba\u011flamda da yabanc\u0131 sermaye \u00e7ekme konusu \u015fiddetli bir rekabet m\u00fccadelesidir. Bu m\u00fccadelede ise yabanc\u0131 piyasay\u0131 hayali avantajlar ve arg\u00fcmanlarla cezbetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ek olgu ve kan\u0131tlar sunan esnek ve adaptif olanlar hayatta kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7eviri: \u00d6zlem Tefikova<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-592246906\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da otorite sahibi ve yetkili i\u015fveren \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Bulgar Sanayi Odas\u0131 (B\u0131lgarska Stopanska Kamara) \u00fclkede yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar hakk\u0131nda son 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7in \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 veriler payla\u015ft\u0131. Bu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":22225,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-8o5","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/manzara-bg.jpg?fit=850%2C478&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32245","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32245"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32245\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}