{"id":30894,"date":"2018-05-27T23:13:57","date_gmt":"2018-05-27T20:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=30894"},"modified":"2018-05-28T07:28:08","modified_gmt":"2018-05-28T04:28:08","slug":"sunlari-bilmemiz-gerek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/sunlari-bilmemiz-gerek\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eunlar\u0131 Bilmemiz Gerek"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 26 May\u0131s 2018<\/p>\n<p>Yazan: \u015eakir RSLANTA\u015e<\/p>\n<p>Konu: <b>Sovyetler Birli\u011finin\u00a0\u00e7\u00f6kmesinde fikir sahibi kimdi?<\/b><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok arkada\u015f\u0131mla dostane sohbetlerimizde, Bulgaristan\u2019dan geldiniz, nas\u0131l oldu da \u015fu kocaman Sovyetler Birli\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. Bu i\u015fi yapan, bu tuza\u011f\u0131 kuran kimdi? Sorusu s\u0131k s\u0131k soruldu. \u00a0Bir s\u0131ra arkada\u015flar\u0131mdan birisi iyice \u00fcstelemi\u015fti.\u00a0 Konuyla yak\u0131ndan ilgilendim. \u00a0Bu arada ABD Devlet Sekreteri Henry Kissinger\u2019in eserlerine sar\u0131ld\u0131m. \u201c<strong>Diplomasi<\/strong>\u201d, \u201c<strong>D\u00fcnya D\u00fczeni<\/strong>\u201d ve \u201c<strong>Amerika\u2019n\u0131n D\u0131\u015f Politikaya \u0130htiyac\u0131<\/strong>\u201d n\u0131 okudum. Kanmad\u0131m.\u00a0 \u0130nand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildi. Arad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 bulamad\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi (BGSAM) yazar\u0131 olarak konuyla ilgimi kesmedim. \u00a0Bulgaristan ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de konuya ili\u015fkin yaz\u0131-kitap ararken, yazar arkada\u015flar\u0131mla konuyu de\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1076043278\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Fikirler insanlar\u0131n beyninde do\u011far. Bu teze inanan biriyim. \u00c7ok yemekle ya da kaliteli i\u00e7ecek-yiyecek t\u00fcketmekle ak\u0131ll\u0131 olundu\u011funa inanmam. Ak\u0131l ve bulgu temelinde zek\u00e2 ve \u00e7aba oldu\u011funa inan\u0131r\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fru yan\u0131ta g\u00f6t\u00fcren \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nce Zbignew Brzezinski\u2019nin \u201c<strong>Satran\u00e7 Tahtas\u0131<\/strong>\u201d eserinde de arad\u0131m. Bir g\u00fcn elime 1981-1989 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Birle\u015fik Amerika\u2019ya ba\u015fkan olan Ronald Reagan\u2019\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekibi anlatan bir kitap ge\u00e7ti. \u00d6z\u00fc a\u00e7an ilk tahlilde Rusya uzman\u0131 \u00a0tarih\u00e7i Richard Peyns\u2019in ismine rastlad\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>O, \u0130kinci B\u00fcy\u00fck Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan \u00f6nce Portekiz \u00fczerinden ABD\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 eden bir Leh Yahudi ailesinin o\u011flu. 1959\u2019da kendini Harvard \u00dcniversitesi K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi Rusya tarihi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde bulan R. Peyns, giderek bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rma eseri kaleme ald\u0131. Rus\u00e7a ve Almanca da aralar\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere, birka\u00e7 dil bilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 yazar, Ruslar\u0131n silah g\u00fcc\u00fcyle yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcte\u00e7 alt\u0131na alan bir bilim adam\u0131d\u0131r. XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Rus \u00c7ar\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131n her y\u0131l 130\u00a0000 (y\u00fcz otuz bin) kilometre kare geni\u015fletti\u011fini tespit eder. Korkun\u00e7 \u0130van d\u00f6neminden ba\u015flayarak birbirini kovalayan sald\u0131r\u0131larla nefes alan Rus siyasetinde gasp edilen b\u00fct\u00fcn topraklar\u0131n bir tek \u00c7ar\u0131n m\u00fclk\u00fcne ge\u00e7er. Gasp edilen yerlerin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel ordu birliklerinden ba\u015fka, ideolojik polis, siyasi polis, az\u0131nl\u0131klar polisi vs gibi de\u011fi\u015fik bask\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu\u011funu kitaplar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0 Ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 Rus \u00c7arlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imlerinin Do\u011fu despotizminden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyarken, \u00f6zelliklerini inceler. \u0130ki k\u0131taya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bu u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z diyar\u0131n t\u00fcm halklar\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131rlar boyu a\u011f\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131kan emirler ve sat\u0131r g\u00fcc\u00fcyle y\u00f6netildi\u011fini yazar. Yasa ve kurallar\u0131n hi\u00e7bir kayd\u0131 yoktur. Keyfi y\u00f6netim eski Rus rejimlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi, Sovyet ve s\u00f6zde \u201cdemokratik\u201d rejimlerde de de\u011fi\u015fmeden uygulanmaya devam eder.\u00a0 Eski devirde, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 totalitarizmdir. \u0130mparatorluk, yasal d\u00fczeni olmayan, hukuk \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hi\u00e7e sayan, anayasa ve adalet tan\u0131mayan \u00c7ar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir.75 y\u0131l\u00a0 (1917 \u2013 1992) ayakta kalan Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde de\u011fi\u015fmeyen totaliter \u00c7arl\u0131k d\u00fczeni \u201c<strong>Sovyet demokrasisi<\/strong>\u201d ile el de\u011fi\u015ftirse de, ilk ve son s\u00f6z Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Kom\u00fcnist Partisi (SBKP) Merkez Komitesi (MK) Politik B\u00fcrosu\u2019nun ve \u00f6zellikle de parti Genel Sekreterinin iradesiydi. \u0130deolojik ve siyasi polis ile milletler ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar polisi g\u00f6revine devam etmi\u015ftir. Bask\u0131 d\u00fczenine \u201c<strong>i\u015f\u00e7i k\u00f6yl\u00fc iktidar\u0131<\/strong>\u201d ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 yazar Richard Peyns analizlerinden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7larda, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n ayakta kalabilmek i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 devaml\u0131 geni\u015fletmesi gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret eder ve \u015fu 3 stratejik ilke \u00fczerinde \u00f6zellikle durmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Tarih boyu askeri sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 yaln\u0131z bat\u0131ya y\u00f6nelten Moskova, ak\u0131nlar\u0131na devam edebilmek i\u00e7in, ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi Do\u011fu topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan halklar\u0131n huzurunu ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak zorundad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc cepheyi besleyecek olan g\u0131da ambar\u0131 ve insan kayna\u011f\u0131 Do\u011fu\u2019dur.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Bat\u0131 devletleri d\u00fcnyadan kopar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aralar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k yarat\u0131lmal\u0131, birbirlerine d\u00fc\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Sava\u015f hallerinde taraflardan hepsi desteklenmelidir.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Rusya m\u00fcttefik aramadan her zaman sava\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fctecek durumda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Rusya, Sovyetler ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Putin rejiminin yaln\u0131z 2 m\u00fcttefiki vard\u0131r. Birisi, Rus Ordusu, ikincisi de Rus Askeri Deniz Kuvvetleridir. Ku\u015fkusuz bu g\u00fcn bu g\u00fc\u00e7lere Rusya Askeri Hava ve Uzay Kuvvetleri de eklenmelidir. Bu temel ilkeler as\u0131rlarca asla de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir. Rusya, Var\u015fova Pakt\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda bile \u201c<strong>silah karde\u015fi<\/strong>\u201d olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 askeri m\u00fcttefiklerine genelde g\u00fcvenmemi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sovyet Rusya\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na ve \u00e7\u00f6kmesine neden olan delilleri k\u00fct\u00fcphane ar\u015fivlerinden g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yan tarih\u00e7i yazar R. Peyns, milletlerin ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n insan haklar\u0131ndan tamamen yoksun bir toplumsal d\u00fczende ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eker. 15 milletten ve 96 az\u0131nl\u0131ktan olu\u015fan Sovyet toplumunda vatanda\u015flar\u0131n ki\u015fisel haklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, ortak haklar\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa vurgu yapar.\u00a0 \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in dirili\u015fin toplumu sarst\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve d\u00fcnyaya anlat\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-411134541\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Moskova y\u00f6netiminin kimseye g\u00fcvenmedi\u011fine Bulgaristan \u00f6rnekleri verir. 1985\u2019te isim de\u011fi\u015ftirip ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 yasaklayarak T\u00fcrkleri Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131rma facias\u0131nda hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in uyan\u0131\u015fa i\u015faret eder. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Bulgar zokas\u0131n\u0131 asla yutmayaca\u011f\u0131 kafas\u0131na dank eden cahil k\u00f6yl\u00fc diktat\u00f6r T. Jivkov \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7inde \u00a0\u201c<strong>SS-23<\/strong>\u201d orta menzilli Sovyet f\u00fczeleri ald\u0131. \u00a0Modern silahlar\u0131 Pleven\u2019e (Plevne) ba\u011fl\u0131 Tili\u015f\u2019e konu\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0 Ne var ki, Ruslar, g\u00fcvenmedikleri Bulgarlara \u201c<strong>SS-23<\/strong>\u201d f\u00fcze ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 vermemi\u015fti. Sliven\u00a0 (\u0130stinye), Koca Balkan, \u201cMavi Kayalar\u201d mevkiine konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lan \u201c<strong>SS &#8211; 22<\/strong>\u201d f\u00fczeleri de bir i\u015fe yaramad\u0131. 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan hepsini kesmek zorunda kald\u0131. Ordusunu 40 bin ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bug\u00fcn Bulgar Ordusu 1977 Sovyet silahlar\u0131yla donanm\u0131\u015f bir NATO g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kerten de insan haklar\u0131, etniklerin hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir de devlet bask\u0131s\u0131 kullan\u0131larak T\u00fcrklerin, Pomaklar\u0131n, \u00c7ingenelerin, Makedonlar\u0131n, Ulahlar\u0131n ve Tatarlarla Gagavuzlar\u0131n asimile edilerek Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 oldu. Kimlik ve insan haklar\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zerklik sorunu sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve toplumsal d\u00fczenin gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in belirleyici olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en f\u00fczelerin hurdaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p kesilmesi, tanklar\u0131n bomba d\u00fczeneklerinin s\u00f6k\u00fclmesi, bir\u00e7ok silah fabrikan\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Fakat totaliter yap\u0131 de-monte edilip g\u00f6m\u00fclmedi. \u00d6zellikle de az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 entegre ederek asimile etme yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u015fekil de\u011fi\u015ftirerek ayakta kald\u0131. Totalitarizmi ya\u015fatma, az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mama, yasalar\u0131 rafa kald\u0131rarak idare etme yani haks\u0131zl\u0131k ve adaletsizlik yoluna devam etti. Bulgar devlet yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnde ve Bulgar soyunda olan az\u0131nl\u0131klara haklar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mama korundu. Siyasi d\u00fczende \u015fekilsel de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle totalitarizmin kendili\u011finden \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcp yok olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenler yan\u0131ld\u0131lar. Totalitarizm Bulgar devletinin k\u00f6k\u00fcndeydi. Bulgar milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6nmedi. Demokrasi paket i\u00e7inde kald\u0131. Az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 yasalla\u015fmad\u0131 yani sald\u0131r\u0131lara hedef oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Fa\u015fist \u00c7arl\u0131k d\u00fczeninden, sosyalizme ve s\u00f6zde demokrasiye ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f olsa da, totalitarizm ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 haks\u0131z-hukuksuz ve devlet i\u015flerinden uzak tutma siyaseti korunup beslendi. \u00a0Burada vurgulanmas\u0131 gereken, Bulgarlar\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131klara d\u00fc\u015fmanca yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olmay\u0131p, do\u011fu\u015ftan ve belki de de\u011fi\u015fmez oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fidir. Bu siyasette Rusya ve Sovyetlerden kopyalanm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok \u00e7izgi vard\u0131. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6zde \u00e7\u00f6zerken az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndan kovma, ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131na el koyma, devlet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletme vs Bulgarlar\u0131n Ruslardan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 y\u00f6netim y\u00f6ntemidir. Bunlar sayesinde 1878 \u2013 1919 aras\u0131nda Bulgar devleti topraklar\u0131n\u0131 3 defa geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir. 1989\u2019da 7 milyon n\u00fcfusu olan Bulgaristan\u2019da 2018\u2019de 3,5-4 milyon insan ya\u015f\u0131yor. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2 bin k\u00f6y insans\u0131z kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Amerikal\u0131 strateji analizcisi R. Peysn\u2019\u0131n itiraf etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, o bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli konular\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken yazar Sergey Salavyov\u2019un 32 ciltlik k\u00fclliyat\u0131n\u0131 okumu\u015f. Bu eserlerden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir al\u0131nt\u0131da \u201c<strong>Totaliter d\u00fczende devlet da\u011f\u0131l\u0131yor, halk yoksulla\u015f\u0131yor, ama devletin az\u0131nl\u0131klarla ilgili siyaseti de\u011fi\u015fmez<\/strong> \u201c denir.\u00a0 Bu k\u00fclliyatta \u201c<strong>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 Rusya\u2019d\u0131<\/strong>r\u201d tespiti birka\u00e7 defa ge\u00e7er.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2068363857\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle, \u00c7ar II. Nikolay\u2019\u0131n \u201c<strong>Rusya bir \u00fclke de\u011fil yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden bir par\u00e7ad\u0131r<\/strong>\u201d sav\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 yorumlar yazan tarih\u00e7i R. Peyns, 1976\u2019da ABD Merkezi Haber Alma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (C\u0130A)\u00a0 b\u00fcnyesine al\u0131nd\u0131. \u00d6devi, Sovyet ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini analiz eden gruba rekabet etmek olan \u201c<strong>Grup \u2013 B<\/strong>\u201d ba\u015fkan\u0131 atand\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla, 1985 Helsinki Konferans\u0131nda ABD ve Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n masaya yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c<strong>insan haklar\u0131 senedi<\/strong>\u201d tezini geli\u015ftirdi. Bu senet, Bulgaristan taraf\u0131ndan da imzaland\u0131 fakat uygulanmad\u0131. 500 bin Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u00fc vatanlar\u0131ndan kovuldu.<\/p>\n<p>(<strong>1985 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin isimlerinin bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6rle de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve t\u00fcm insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131r. 1989 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri i\u00e7in ayakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131r. Totaliter Bulgar devleti sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k yap\u0131p \u00fclkede ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Bulgarlar oldu\u011fu\u201d yalan tezini savunarak, imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 senedi ve anla\u015fmalar\u0131 uygulamad\u0131. Bulgar bask\u0131s\u0131na tepkiler giderek artt\u0131. 2018\u2019de \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrel otonomi\u201d m\u00fccadele bayra\u011f\u0131 dalgalan\u0131yor<\/strong>.)<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>Grup \u2013 B<\/strong>\u201d yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel analizlerde Sovyetlerin balistik ve orta menzilli taktik ve \u00e7ok ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 f\u00fczeler geli\u015ftirmede \u00f6nemli yol kaydetti\u011fini ilk saptad\u0131. 1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet liderlerinden bir\u00e7o\u011fu Sovyet politikas\u0131 i\u00e7in kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Anti-Sovyet tav\u0131rdan cayd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.\u00a0 Baz\u0131lar\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bu i\u015flerde, 10 milyar US Dolar gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Avrupa Komisyonu Londra Merkezinde g\u00f6revli Bayan Katrin Astam\u2019\u0131n vicdanlar\u0131n\u0131 satanlar\u0131n mali i\u015fler m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011funu, paralar\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karan \u201c<strong>Grup B<\/strong>\u201d dir. Bu arada Papa\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyi deneyen M. A\u011fca\u2019ya Bat\u0131 Almanya\u2019dan b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar vaat edildi\u011fini de kan\u0131tlayan ayn\u0131 istihbarat\u00e7\u0131 grup olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle son derece gergin bir ortamda, bug\u00fcn art\u0131k 30 dile \u00e7evrilmi\u015f ve defalarca bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan R. Peyns\u2019in kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkilemeye ba\u015flamas\u0131yla, Moskova\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kan \u201c<strong>Oganyok<\/strong>\u201d dergisi ba\u015f redakt\u00f6r Karati\u00e7\u2019in imzas\u0131yla 1989\u2019da \u201c<strong>Kom\u00fcnizmin Cinayetleri<\/strong>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\u00a0 Karati\u00e7, milletlerin ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, egemenlik ve kendi devletlerini kurma ve \u00f6z dillerinde k\u00fclt\u00fcr geli\u015ftirme konular\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi. 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda 3 Balt\u0131k \u00fclkesi, Ukrayna, Beyaz Rusya, Moldova ve T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri (14 devlet) ve b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00f6zerklik kazand\u0131, milli devlet kurdu. Her birinin yasal s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, ba\u015fkenti, milli mar\u015f\u0131, meclisi, h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 vs var. Mihail Gorba\u00e7ov y\u00f6netiminde \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcp da\u011f\u0131lan Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, Ba\u015fkan Vladimir Putin y\u00f6netiminde yeniden silah g\u00fcc\u00fcyle Rusya Federasyonu olarak geni\u015flemeyi se\u00e7ti. Kafkaslarda bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zerk etnik cumhuriyet i\u015fgal edilirken, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019a sald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. K\u0131r\u0131m Adas\u0131 i\u015fgal edildi. Do\u011fu Ukrayna eyaletlerinde i\u015fgalcilerle sava\u015f devam ediyor. Peyns\u2019in insan haklar\u0131 ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 form\u00fcl\u00fc tuttu. Yugoslavya Federatif Cumhuriyeti da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. 9 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devlet kuruldu. Bulgaristan\u2019da etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bekliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sovyetler Birli\u011fi stratejik askeri g\u00fc\u00e7ler uzmanlar\u0131ndan Georgi Arbatov da ayn\u0131 \u201cAganyok\u201d dergisinde \u00f6zel bir yaz\u0131 bast\u0131. Var\u015fova Pakt\u0131\u2019nda NATO\u2019dan 20 bin adet fazla tank bulundurdu\u011funu \u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Hepsinin Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde konu\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Bulgaristan \/ Sliven merkezli Bulgar \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ordu emrinde 3\u00a0000\u00a0 (\u00fc\u00e7 bin) tank oldu\u011funu, 1985-1989 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yine Bulgaristan\u2019da \u201c<strong>n\u00fckleer silah<\/strong>\u201d bulundu\u011funu, Stranca Da\u011f\u0131ndaki baraj ve g\u00f6let havzas\u0131n\u0131n \u201c<strong>n\u00fckleer may\u0131n<\/strong>\u201d d\u00f6\u015feli oldu\u011funu bildirdi.\u00a0 O zaman Sovyet dergisi Bulgaristan\u2019da toplat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00a0\u201c<strong>Amerika\u2019n\u0131n Sesi<\/strong>\u201d Radyosu tehlikeli durumu d\u00fcnyaya duyurdu. 1985\u2019ten sonra gece uykusu bilmeyen Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri hem korku i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131, hem de yeni yeni sert \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar yapt\u0131. \u0130llegal \u00f6rg\u00fctlendiler. Onlar \u201c<strong>SS-23<\/strong>\u201d orta menzilli f\u00fczelerin sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Bulgarlara verilmedi\u011fini bilmiyorlard\u0131 tabi. Sovyet sistemi \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ak\u0131l hocas\u0131 olan Richard Payns\u2019\u0131n\u00a0 1981\u2019de ABD Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na emin ad\u0131mlayan Ronald Reagan ekibine al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da bilmiyordu. Hepimizin t\u00fcyleri diken dikendi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1961693857\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1985\u2019te Moskova\u2019da SBKP MK Genel Sekreterli\u011fine M. Gorba\u00e7ov se\u00e7ilince Sofya yak\u0131n\u0131nda, Samokov y\u00f6resinde konu\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olan Sovyet askeri g\u00fc\u00e7lerini \u00e7ekti. Bunun anlam\u0131 \u201c<strong>ne yaparsan\u0131z yap\u0131n, beni kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n<\/strong>\u201d anlam\u0131nda yorumlansa da, SBKP MK Politik B\u00fcro \u00fcyesi, Azerbaycan KP MK Birinci Sekreteri Haydar Aliev\u2019in,\u00a0 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine bask\u0131lar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir karar al\u0131nmas\u0131 talepleri, T. Jivkov\u2019u lanetleme direti\u015fi, ne yaz\u0131k ki olumlu sonu\u00e7 vermedi. \u00a0\u015eu da var, ayn\u0131 konuda ABD Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da ciddi bir ses \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00a0Ezilen T\u00fcrklerle T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti devleti ve kurumlar\u0131, soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z, derneklerimiz ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnya dayan\u0131\u015ft\u0131, sert tepkilere ara verilmedi. Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Helsinki ve viyana insan haklar\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin uygulanmas\u0131nda \u0131srar etmedi. Sanki Jivkov yalanlar\u0131na kand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1989 A\u011fustosunda T\u00fcrk g\u00f6\u00e7 selinin s\u0131n\u0131ra y\u00f6nelmesinde hayat tehlikesi i\u00e7eren haberler \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynad\u0131. Dezenformasyon yap\u0131lmad\u0131. Direk sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n<p>Olaylar\u0131n ma\u011fduru olan biz Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131lar hen\u00fcz kalkmad\u0131. Devaml\u0131 e\u015feleyip bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsak da, bilmedi\u011fimiz daha neler neler oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorum. Bu s\u0131r yuma\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmedi. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclse huzur gelirdi. Millet rahatlard\u0131. Herkesin i\u00e7inde bir korku, ruhlarda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 var. Bunun nedeni ise, Bulgar ve Bulgaristan olay\u0131n\u0131n ruh k\u00f6k\u00fcne inecek birinin hen\u00fcz ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z liderler yetersiz kald\u0131. Son y\u0131llarda bizim konulardan sorumlu oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan (uzmanl\u0131k alan\u0131 olmayan ama hem\u015fehrileri \u00e7ok olan) Aziz Babu\u015f\u00e7u\u2019nun yetersizli\u011fini anlatmama gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n<p>Cebel kutlamalar\u0131nda Say\u0131n B\u00fcy\u00fck-el\u00e7imiz Hasan Ulusoy\u2019un boynuna sar\u0131lan, \u00a0Ahmet Do\u011fan\u2019\u0131n <strong>\u201cba\u015fpehlivan\u201d<\/strong> olarak sahaya s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, eksik yanlar\u0131 yeteneklerinden kat kat fazla olan Mustafa Karaday\u0131\u2019da da <strong>\u201ci\u015f yok\u201d<\/strong> diyenler \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131yor. \u0130nsanlar\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ok ezildi ve herkesin ard\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcmek istemiyor. Bize g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyeni g\u00f6rebilen, bizim i\u015fitemedi\u011fimizi duyan ve uzaktan koku alan birisi laz\u0131m. Baba yit! Bir oturu\u015fta bir kuzu yiyen ve halk\u0131n \u201c<strong>Af ferim<\/strong>!\u201d dedi\u011fi birisi\u2026 Milletin ard\u0131nda saf tutaca\u011f\u0131 B\u0130R\u0130!<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc bu d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmez. NATO i\u00e7inde bu kadar tehlikeli bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r olmas\u0131 ise, bizi endi\u015felendirdi\u011fi kadar, korkutuyor da\u2026<\/p><div id=\"bghab-300785423\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ba\u015f\u0131nda i\u015faret etti\u011fim \u00fczere, bas\u0131ndan ve g\u00f6rsel ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc yay\u0131nlardan, hele de George H.W.Bush devrinde, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi uzman\u0131 olarak bilinen H. Kissinger, M. Olbrayt gibi Devlet Sekreterlerinin, Zbignew Brzezinski gibi Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131nda duran, Sovyet d\u00fczenini \u00e7\u00f6kertme form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc bulan ki\u015fiyi g\u00f6rebilmi\u015f olmam, arkada\u015flar\u0131m \u00f6n\u00fcnde beni rahatlatt\u0131. Size de yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabildimse, okuduklar\u0131n\u0131z olaylara ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6zle bakman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131ysa ne g\u00fczel.<\/p>\n<p>Okuyun ve tavsiye edin. Payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-3551961129\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tarih: 26 May\u0131s 2018 Yazan: \u015eakir RSLANTA\u015e Konu: Sovyetler Birli\u011finin\u00a0\u00e7\u00f6kmesinde fikir sahibi kimdi?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bir\u00e7ok arkada\u015f\u0131mla dostane sohbetlerimizde, Bulgaristan\u2019dan geldiniz, nas\u0131l oldu da \u015fu kocaman Sovyetler<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":12415,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/sakir-arslantas.jpg?fit=130%2C168&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-82i","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}