{"id":30312,"date":"2018-05-08T11:01:25","date_gmt":"2018-05-08T08:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=30312"},"modified":"2019-06-26T21:21:11","modified_gmt":"2019-06-26T18:21:11","slug":"bulgaristannin-radyo-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristannin-radyo-tarihi\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan&#8217;n\u0131n radyo tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cAlo, Alo! Sofya Radyosu!\u201d s\u00f6zleri, 1929 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda Bulgar radyo yay\u0131n\u0131nda duyulan ilk s\u00f6zlerdir. Bu s\u00f6zler, Sofya\u2019daki Askeri M\u00fchendis At\u00f6lyesi\u2019nin avlusunda Georgi V\u0131lkov taraf\u0131ndan basit bir mikrofon \u00f6n\u00fcnde s\u00f6ylendi. V\u0131lkov, e\u011fitimini Almanya\u2019da g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f y\u00fcksek kalifiyeli bir teknisyendir.<\/p>\n<p>Kendisi, yay\u0131n i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan vericiyi tek ba\u015f\u0131na yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn Georgi V\u0131lkov\u2019un b\u00f6yle bir mikrofon \u00f6n\u00fcnde durdu\u011fu foto\u011fraf ve bu mikrofonun bir \u00f6rne\u011fi, Sofya \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin Gazetecilik Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nin Radyo Tarihi M\u00fczesi\u2019nde g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor.<\/p>\n<div class=\"imgwrapper\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.bnr.bg\/gallery\/2e\/2e8a73c1cb507f25769395810e703cca.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"\u0130lk Bulgarca yay\u0131n\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan mikrofon. I. M\u00fchendis grubunun\u201cVatan radyosu\u201d vericisinin cihaz\u0131\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"photo_info\">\n<div class=\"text\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0130lk Bulgarca yay\u0131n\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan mikrofon. I. M\u00fchendis grubunun\u201cVatan radyosu\u201d vericisinin cihaz\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan Milli Radyosu\u2019nun Alt\u0131n Fonu\u2019nun uzun y\u0131ll\u0131k m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Zahari Milenkov taraf\u0131ndan yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6nce kurulan ve daha sonra ba\u011f\u0131\u015flarla geli\u015ftirilen te\u015fhirde farkl\u0131 y\u0131llardan radyo cihazlar\u0131, antenler, mikrofonlar, nadir ses ve yaz\u0131 belgeleri, Bulgar radyosunun b\u00fct\u00fcn geli\u015fimini belgeleyen foto\u011fraflar i\u00e7eriliyor.M\u00fcze k\u00fcrat\u00f6rleri Zahari Milenkov ve \u201cBulgaristan Radyosu\u201dnda uzun y\u0131ll\u0131k m\u00fczik edit\u00f6r\u00fc Antoaneta Radoslavova, m\u00fczede her e\u015fyan\u0131n kendi tarihi oldu\u011funu payla\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<div class=\"imgwrapper\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.bnr.bg\/gallery\/b0\/b073fa7d8eff62a3b6a6f7b07ad15af8.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Zahari Milenkov Alt\u0131n fonu\u2019nun ilk restorrasyon odas\u0131nda. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Antoaneta Radoslavova ile birlikte.\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"photo_info\">\n<div class=\"text\">Zahari Milenkov Alt\u0131n fonu\u2019nun ilk restorrasyon odas\u0131nda. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Antoaneta Radoslavova ile birlikte.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"imgwrapper\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.bnr.bg\/gallery\/54\/54b95c6a404ffe4d4bf792b010c8abdd.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Vatan radyosunun ilk binas\u0131.\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"photo_info\">\n<div class=\"text\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Vatan radyosunun ilk binas\u0131.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Zahari Milenkov, Bulgar Radyosu\u2019nun ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatarak \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:<i>\u00a0\u201cRadyo hayranlar\u0131 ve ayd\u0131nlar, Bulgar Radyosu olmas\u0131n\u0131 isterdi. Onlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan Prof. Asen Zlatarov, \u201cYabanc\u0131 radyoyu dinlememek i\u00e7in bizlere bir an \u00f6nce \u201cRodno Radio\u201d gereklidir\u201d diye iddia etti. 1927 tarihli ilk Radyo Yasas\u0131\u2019nda radyonun devletin tekeli oldu\u011fu deniliyor. Ancak e\u011fer devletin, tek ba\u015f\u0131na radyo yapma imk\u00e2n\u0131 olmazsa, bunu Bulgaristan vatanda\u015flar\u0131na imtiyaza verebiliyor. Asen Zlatarov\u2019un ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi ayd\u0131nlar grubu, bu imkandan faydaland\u0131.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Radyo hayranlar\u0131, ilk denemelerini mesai saatlerinden sonra M\u00fchendis At\u00f6lyesi\u2019nin ayn\u0131 avlusunda yapt\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in devlet, onlara yard\u0131m etmeye karar veriyor ve onlara Benkovski 3 No\u2019lu soka\u011f\u0131nda birka\u00e7 odal\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir bina verdi. Orada radyo severler, \u201cRodno Radio\u201d birli\u011finde her iki g\u00fcnde bir iki\u015fer saat s\u00fcren ve Sofya birka\u00e7 k\u00f6yde duyulabilen bir program yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1046062734\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Georgi V\u0131lkov, b\u00fct\u00fcn Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n n\u00fcfusuna ula\u015fabilmek \u00fczere daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir vericinin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde yo\u011fun olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, ancak bunu ba\u015faramad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Zahari Milenkov, s\u00f6zlerine devamla \u015funlar\u0131 anlat\u0131yor:<i>\u00a0\u201cSonunda Georgi V\u0131lkov, i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131, Georgi M. Georgiev ve aralar\u0131nda Mehmet Refik ad\u0131nda bir T\u00fcrk prensinin de bulundu\u011fu birka\u00e7 di\u011fer m\u00fchendis daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir verici yapmakla g\u00f6revlendirildi.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"imgwrapper\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.bnr.bg\/gallery\/04\/04bec38a6d9c43e1e510ecb647cbd2cb.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"M\u00fchendis Georgi M. Georgiev. Mehmed Refik(solda) ve\u201dVatan radyosu\u201dBirli\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 m\u00fchendis Marin Marinov.\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"photo_info\">\n<div class=\"text\" style=\"text-align: center;\">M\u00fchendis Georgi M. Georgiev. Mehmed Refik(solda) ve<br \/>\n\u201dVatan radyosu\u201dBirli\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 m\u00fchendis Marin Marinov.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Mehmet Refik, e\u011fitimini Viyana\u2019da tamamlad\u0131, Bulgaristan\u2019a ses kayd\u0131 alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere geldi, ancak radyo hayranlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ilgilenerek ikinci daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc vericinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131. iki hafta s\u00fcren \u00e7abalardan sonra yeni verici haz\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Zahari Milenkov, \u015funlar\u0131 da belirtiyor:\u00a0<i>\u201cBulgar radyosunun di\u011fer bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi, devlet de\u011fil, kamu radyosu olarak ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bir arkada\u015f\u0131na mektubunda Asen Zlatarov, radyo lambalar\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bahir paras\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131yor. D\u00f6rt y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u201cRodno Radyo\u201d birli\u011fi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok kadar artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Moskovska 19 No\u2019lu soka\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir binan\u0131n ikinci kat\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.&#8221;<\/i><\/p><div id=\"bghab-389951497\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"imgwrapper\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.bnr.bg\/gallery\/34\/34149f85f2f2e0fc657bd75aa42f5c39.jpg?w=640\" alt=\"Pet\u0131r Petrov ve Pet\u0131r Milu\u015fev Philips EL 3530 marka teyp ile.\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"photo_info\">\n<div class=\"text\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Pet\u0131r Petrov ve Pet\u0131r Milu\u015fev Philips EL 3530 marka teyp ile.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Zahari Milenkov s\u00f6zlerine devamla \u015funlar\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor:\u00a0<i>\u201c19 May\u0131s 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da darbe yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak bu darbenin Bulgar Radyosu i\u00e7in olumlu rol\u00fc oldu. Halk Meclisi, partiler ve gazeteleri kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Yeni iktidar\u0131n kullanabildi\u011fi tek organ, radyodur. \u0130ktidardakiler, radyonun devletle\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini biliyordu. Ocak 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda kamu radyosunun maddi baz\u0131 devletle\u015ftirildi ve \u201cSofya Radyosu\u201d kuruldu.&#8221;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Radyonun ba\u015f\u0131na lakab\u0131 Sirak Skitnik olan Panayot Todorov Hristov ge\u00e7ti. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sirak Skitnik, radyoda yabanc\u0131 dilde yay\u0131nlar da ba\u015flatt\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Bulgaristan\u2019dan haberler, yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelere ana dillerinde ula\u015fabiliyordu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7eviri: Rayna \u0130vanova, BNR<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-942270383\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cAlo, Alo! Sofya Radyosu!\u201d s\u00f6zleri, 1929 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda Bulgar radyo yay\u0131n\u0131nda duyulan ilk s\u00f6zlerdir. Bu s\u00f6zler, Sofya\u2019daki Askeri M\u00fchendis At\u00f6lyesi\u2019nin avlusunda Georgi V\u0131lkov taraf\u0131ndan basit<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":30313,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,10],"tags":[30,775],"class_list":["post-30312","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kultur-sanat","tag-bulgaristan","tag-radyo"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/bulgaristanda-radyo-tarihi.jpg?fit=850%2C478&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-7SU","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30312"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30312\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30313"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30312"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}