{"id":28172,"date":"2018-03-10T21:48:16","date_gmt":"2018-03-10T18:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=28172"},"modified":"2018-03-11T14:04:15","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T11:04:15","slug":"insanoglu-ve-egitime-olan-ihtiyac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/insanoglu-ve-egitime-olan-ihtiyac\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsano\u011flu ve E\u011fitime Olan \u0130htiya\u00e7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Nevzat \u00d6ZT\u00dcRK<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki ser\u00fcveni, genel kabule g\u00f6re, beraberinde \u00f6nceden herhangi bir bilgi getirmeden ba\u015flar ve ki\u015fi do\u011fumdan itibaren bir \u00f6\u011frenme ve uyum s\u00fcrecine girer. Asl\u0131nda hayat\u0131n ilk \u00f6\u011frenmeleri, yeni bir d\u00fcnyaya uyumun bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki karma\u015f\u0131k hayat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda baz\u0131 reflekslerden ba\u015fka kullanabilece\u011fi geli\u015fmi\u015f bir donan\u0131m\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. <strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Amac\u0131n\u0131 anlataca\u011f\u0131 bir dilden mahrumken ayn\u0131 zamanda belirli ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri hen\u00fcz olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015f ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tan\u0131yacak yeterli donan\u0131m\u0131 da elde edememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Amac\u0131n\u0131 anlataca\u011f\u0131 bir dilden mahrumken ayn\u0131 zamanda belirli ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri hen\u00fcz olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015f ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tan\u0131yacak yeterli donan\u0131m\u0131 da elde edememi\u015ftir. Bu durumdaki \u00e7ocuk hayat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e2ciz ve \u00e7\u00e2resizdir. Bu durumun \u00fcstesinden gelebilmek ve hayata uyum sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretmeye ihtiya\u00e7 duyar.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitim, insan\u0131 insan yapan de\u011ferler silsilesini nesilden nesile aktaran \u00e7ok sa\u011flam bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Belki de insanlar\u0131n toplumsal varl\u0131k olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu kurum hi\u00e7bir zaman y\u0131k\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. E\u011fitime olan ihtiya\u00e7 hi\u00e7bir zaman t\u00fckenmek bilmemi\u015ftir ve bitmeyecektir. \u0130nsan\u0131n ke\u015fif yoluyla kendi i\u00e7ine do\u011fru bir yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karak kendi kendini ke\u015ffetmesi, cevherine ula\u015fmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan e\u011fitim \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli unsurlara sahiptir. Bu unsurlar insan\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenebilme kapasitesi, \u00f6\u011frenmeye duydu\u011fu a\u00e7l\u0131k, merak, sorgulama, anlamland\u0131rma e\u011filimleri ile s\u0131k\u0131 bir ba\u011f i\u00e7erisindedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bireylerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla istendik de\u011fi\u015fme meydana getirme s\u00fcreci olarak tan\u0131mlanan e\u011fitim, insana ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla topluma nitelik kazand\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapan bir bilim dal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle e\u011fitim, kendisine \u00f6zg\u00fc kavramsal yap\u0131s\u0131 olan ve sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in pozitif bilimlerin y\u00f6ntemlerini kullanan \u00f6nemli bir bilimdir. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca, rol\u00fc, kapsam\u0131, i\u015flevi ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131 geni\u015fleyen bu bilim dal\u0131, temel bilim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile uygulamal\u0131 bilim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kayna\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir disiplin olarak h\u0131zl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde geli\u015fmeye devam etmektedir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4166695862\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0130nsano\u011flu var oldu\u011fu andan itibaren ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7evresiyle girdi\u011fi etkile\u015fim sonucu birtak\u0131m bilgi, beceri, tutum ve de\u011ferler edinmi\u015f; bunlar\u0131 toplumdaki \u00f6teki bireylere de aktarmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle ilkel toplumlarda bile bireyler, bu etkile\u015fim sonucunda ailelerinden, \u00e7evrelerinden bir\u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015flerdir. O halde \u00f6\u011frenmenin olu\u015ftu\u011fu her durumda, bir e\u011fitim s\u00fcrecinden s\u00f6z etmek olanakl\u0131d\u0131r Bu nedenle e\u011fitim, sosyal bir varl\u0131k olan insan\u0131n varolu\u015fundan bu yana olagelmi\u015ftir ve insano\u011flu var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece de var olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitim s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, toplumun her kesimini ilgilendirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131da \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerden biridir. \u00c7o\u011fu insan, e\u011fitimin ne oldu\u011fu ve nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ile ilgili d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00fcretmektedir; ancak bu insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, e\u011fitimin anlam\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar geni\u015f oldu\u011funun fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitim, insan\u0131n do\u011fumuyla ba\u015flay\u0131p ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca devam eden bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bireylere birtak\u0131m bilgi, beceri, tutum ve de\u011ferler kazand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun sonucunda da bireylerde g\u00f6zlenebilen birtak\u0131m davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri meydana gelir. \u00d6rne\u011fin markete gitti\u011finde kasiyerin verdi\u011fi para \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmeden eve d\u00f6nen bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun, basit aritmetik i\u015flemlerini \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 para \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc sayarak do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilecek d\u00fczeye geldi\u011fi g\u00f6zlenebilir. B\u00f6ylece bireyde davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kendi ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131 yoluyla meydana gelir.<\/p>\n<p>Her toplum, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zelliklerini yeni ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131r. Toplumun, bireyleri kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn istek ve beklentilerine uyum sa\u011flayacak bi\u00e7imde yeti\u015ftirmesine \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrleme\u201d denmektedir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle k\u00fclt\u00fcrleme, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerin bireye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecidir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 ailede, sokakta, i\u015f yerinde, arkada\u015f \u00e7evresinde, okulda vb. pek \u00e7ok yerde bilin\u00e7li ya da bilin\u00e7siz olu\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenmeleri kapsar. \u0130lkel ya da ilkele yak\u0131n toplumlarda, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7eri\u011fi basit oldu\u011fundan, bireylerin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcm \u00f6zellikleri ile etkile\u015fim kurmas\u0131 ve onu edinmesi do\u011fal bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Kendili\u011finden k\u00fclt\u00fcrleme s\u00fcreci, topluma uyum i\u00e7in yeterliydi. Ancak toplumlar\u0131n giderek daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fmas\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel i\u00e7eri\u011fin h\u0131zla artmas\u0131 sonucu, bireyin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam i\u00e7erisinde do\u011fal bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcm \u00f6geleriyle etkile\u015fime girmesi ve onlar\u0131 bu do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde edinmesi olanaks\u0131z hale gelmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle toplumlar, yeti\u015fmekte olan gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn evrensel ve toplumsal s\u00fcreklilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gerekli olan y\u00f6nleri ile etkile\u015fime girebilecekleri uygun ortamlar d\u00fczenleyerek k\u00fclt\u00fcrleme etkinli\u011fini ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. K\u00fclt\u00fcrlemenin ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 e\u011fitimdir. Bu nedenle e\u011fitim, \u201ckas\u0131tl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrleme s\u00fcreci\u201d olarak da tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitimin, geni\u015f ve herkesi ilgilendiren bir alan olmas\u0131, pek \u00e7ok e\u011fitim tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. E\u011fitim, en genel anlam\u0131yla bireylerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik olu\u015fturma s\u00fcrecidir. Demirel (1999, s.5)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>, e\u011fitimi \u201cBireyde kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrleme yoluyla istenilen davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini meydana getirme s\u00fcreci\u201d olarak, Ert\u00fcrk (1994, s.11)<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> ise \u201cBireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak istendik de\u011fi\u015fme meydana getirme s\u00fcreci\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. E\u011fitim tan\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u201cBireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak istendik de\u011fi\u015fme meydana getirme s\u00fcreci\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131, e\u011fitimciler aras\u0131nda genel kabul g\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1347638660\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>E\u011fitim tan\u0131mlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 temel \u00f6zelli\u011fin vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanabilir:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1-E\u011fitimin bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olu\u015fu:<\/strong> E\u011fitim s\u00fcreci, bug\u00fcn ba\u015flay\u0131p yar\u0131n biten bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 de\u011fil zaman ve kapsam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok geni\u015f ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. E\u011fitim s\u00fcrecini, birbirini izleyen ve birbiri \u00fczerine biriken \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme etkinlikleri olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenmenin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc etki, e\u011fitim s\u00fcrecinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.E\u011fitim sonucunda bireyde davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin olu\u015fmas\u0131:<\/strong> Davran\u0131\u015f, organizman\u0131n etkiye kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tepki ya da tepkiye kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi etki olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. E\u011fitim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6zlenebilir, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir ve istendik olmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.Davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin bireyin ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fmas\u0131:<\/strong> Ya\u015fant\u0131, bireyin \u00e7evresiyle kurdu\u011fu etkile\u015fim sonucunda bireyde kalan izlerdir. Bu izler birikerek bireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitim, okul \u00f6ncesinde ve okul ya\u015fam\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi okul i\u00e7inde ve okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle ya\u015fam boyu devam eden bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. E\u011fitim, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca edindi\u011fi deneyimlerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-19913275\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>E\u011fitim s\u00fcreci yoluyla bireylerin de\u011fi\u015fimlere uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131 ve her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle geli\u015fmesi ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re e\u011fitimin genel i\u015flevleri; bireyin topluma, toplum dinamiklerine uyumuna yard\u0131m etmek ve bireyde var olan yeti ve yeteneklerin \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitimin toplumsal, siyasal, bireysel ve ekonomik olmak \u00fczere d\u00f6rt i\u015flevinden s\u00f6z edilmektedir:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.E\u011fitimin toplumsal i\u015flevleri:<\/strong> Toplumsal k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc aktarmak, bireyin topluma uyumunu sa\u011flamak, ara\u015ft\u0131ran ve k\u00fclt\u00fcre dinamik \u00f6geler katan insan yeti\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.E\u011fitimin siyasal i\u015flevleri:<\/strong> \u00dclkenin anayasal yap\u0131s\u0131na uygun, lider \u00f6zellikleri olan, giri\u015fimci ve bilin\u00e7li se\u00e7men yeti\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.E\u011fitimin bireysel i\u015flevleri:<\/strong> Bireyin beden, zihin ve ruhsal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmektir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-228881783\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>4.E\u011fitimin ekonomik i\u015flevleri:<\/strong> Bilin\u00e7li \u00fcretici ve bilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketici yeti\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitimin amac\u0131; toplumlar\u0131n siyasal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte bireylerin ki\u015fisel yeteneklerini, insan ili\u015fkileri konusundaki becerilerini, ekonomik y\u00f6nden yeterliklerini geli\u015ftirmek ve vatanda\u015fl\u0131k g\u00f6revlerini tam olarak yerine getirmeyi sa\u011flamak noktalar\u0131nda toplanmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fitim; bireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme, geli\u015ftirme, uyumunu sa\u011flama gibi ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken genel olarak \u015fu ama\u00e7lardan hareket eder:<\/p>\n<p><strong>E\u011fitim, bireyin kendini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesine yard\u0131m eder. E\u011fitim yoluyla kendini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren birey<\/strong>; \u00f6\u011frenme ve tart\u0131\u015fma iste\u011fi duyar. T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi etkili kullan\u0131r. Sayma ve hesaplamay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fitti\u011fini duyar, bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve hastal\u0131k hakk\u0131nda temel bilgiye sahiptir. Spor ve bo\u015f zaman etkinliklerine kat\u0131l\u0131r, entelekt\u00fcel ilgiler geli\u015ftirir. G\u00fczel \u015feyleri takdir eder. Kendi ya\u015fam\u0131na y\u00f6n verebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>E\u011fitim, bireyin insan ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmesine yard\u0131m eder. B\u00f6ylece birey; i<\/strong>nsanl\u0131\u011fa sayg\u0131 duyar. Dostlu\u011fa \u00f6nem verir, zengin bir sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 ile etkin i\u015f birli\u011fi geli\u015ftirir. Sosyal davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda naziktir. Aileyi sayar ve ailede sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>E\u011fitim, bireyin ekonomik etkinli\u011fini geli\u015ftirir. Bunu geli\u015ftiren birey; \u00e7<\/strong>al\u0131\u015fmaktan haz duyar, iyi bir \u00fcreticidir. Meslekleri tan\u0131r ve mesle\u011fini se\u00e7mede isabetlidir. Mesle\u011finde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin toplumsal de\u011ferini bilir. Kendi gelir ve harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler, harcamalar\u0131nda ak\u0131ll\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130yi bir t\u00fcketicidir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3376506569\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>E\u011fitim, bireyin vatanda\u015fl\u0131k sorumlulu\u011funu geli\u015ftirir. Bu sorumlulu\u011fu geli\u015ftiren birey; <\/strong>sosyal adalet konusunda duyarl\u0131d\u0131r. Propagandaya kar\u015f\u0131 ele\u015ftirici d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme yetene\u011fi geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ulusal kaynaklar\u0131 korur. Bilimin insan yarar\u0131na geli\u015fmesi gerekti\u011fini bilir. D\u00fcnyadaki geli\u015fmeleri dikkatle izler. Yasalara sayg\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ekonomik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe sahiptir. Vatanda\u015fl\u0131k g\u00f6revlerini bilir ve yerine getirir. Demokratik ilkelere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ama\u00e7lar, e\u011fitim g\u00f6ren bireylerin sahip olmas\u0131 beklenen davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 belirtmektedir. Bireye okul\u00f6ncesinden y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenimin sonuna de\u011fin bu davran\u0131\u015flar a\u015fama a\u015fama kazand\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitimin de\u011fi\u015fik zamanlarda, de\u011fi\u015fik ortamlarda ve de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7imlerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011fu belirttik. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde kimi e\u011fitim etkinlikleri kendili\u011finden olu\u015fan ve geli\u015fig\u00fczel, kimileri ise ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve planl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen etkinliklerdir.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitilmemi\u015f insan, kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namayan ate\u015f gibidir. Bu insan\u0131n verece\u011fi zarar\u0131n boyutunu \u00f6nceden kestirmek zordur. Ate\u015f nas\u0131l kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131ysa, baraj\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne nas\u0131l set \u00e7ekmek gerekirse, insan\u0131 da e\u011fitmek \u015fartt\u0131r. E\u011fitimsiz insan; toplum ve devlet i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlikedir.<\/p>\n<p>Okulun temel i\u015flevleri aras\u0131nda insan e\u011fitmek tabi\u00ee ki var. Ama e\u011fitimi okula hapsetmek do\u011fru olmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc e\u011fitimin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer bizzat okul i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Binalar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 birinci derecede \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. As\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan, e\u011fitime inanmak ve e\u011fitebilmektir. Bina denilen mek\u00e2n, ihtiyac\u0131n arkas\u0131ndan kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Ama e\u011fitime inanmazsak ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc e\u011fitimcilerimiz olmazsa, in\u015fa edilen dev binalar neyi ifade eder ki? Bina e\u011fitim i\u00e7in gerekli ve \u00f6nemlidir. Ama e\u011fitimin; \u201colmazsa olmaz\u201d \u015fart\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-792940748\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sokrates, gen\u00e7leri e\u011fitiyor, insanlar\u0131 do\u011fru d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yordu. Fakat duvarla \u00e7evrili s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ve ta\u015ftan binalar\u0131 yoktu. Bundand\u0131r ki, yayg\u0131n ve \u00f6rg\u00fcn diye tabir edilen bir e\u011fitim \u015fekli vard\u0131. Binalarda ve binalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda verilen e\u011fitim\u2026 Asl\u0131nda toplumun kendisi bizzat e\u011fitici bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. \u0130nsanlar, e\u011fitimlerinin \u00e7o\u011funu burada al\u0131r. Ama e\u011fitilmemi\u015f bir toplum i\u00e7in bu s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Ancak e\u011fitilmi\u015f olan bir toplum, bireylerini e\u011fitebilir. Bunun temelinde de yine bireyin e\u011fitimi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu konuda s\u00fcrekli g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken en \u00f6nemli \u015fart, bireylerin bire bir e\u011fitimidir. Bu, \u00f6nemli bir noktad\u0131r ve \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p gelmi\u015f bir modeldir. Geni\u015f kitleleri hedef alma, bireyin e\u011fitiminde san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar faydal\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu ba\u011flamda toplu mek\u00e2nlar ve kalabal\u0131k ortamlar, e\u011fitim ad\u0131na verimin ve kalitenin g\u00f6stergesi olamaz. Esas olan bire bir e\u011fitmektir. \u0130nsan\u0131n en de\u011ferli varl\u0131k oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek ve her insan\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u00e2lem oldu\u011funu kabul edersek, b\u00f6yle bir gayretin ne kadar gerekli ve \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fitilmi\u015f insan modelinin gereklili\u011fi, hayat\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 kavrama ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131na varma, e\u011fitilmi\u015f insana ait bir \u00f6zelliktir. E\u011fitimsiz insan, hayat\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, hayat\u0131 anlam\u0131ndan sapt\u0131r\u0131r. Bundand\u0131r ki e\u011fitim, okuldan ziyade toplumun i\u00e7inde elde edilmesi gereken bir fazilettir. Toplum olarak e\u011fitilmeye olan ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z, bug\u00fcn her \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde ve \u00f6n\u00fcndedir. E\u011fitimsiz bir toplumda insicam olmaz. B\u00f6yle bir toplumun birlikten nasibi yoktur. B\u00f6yle toplumlar hangi y\u00f6ne gidece\u011fini de tayin edemez. E\u011fitilmemi\u015f bireylerin, evrenin i\u00e7indeki yerini, konumunu ve g\u00f6revini kavrayabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce e\u011fitimi anlamamak demektir. Toplumun huzurlu olmas\u0131, bireylerin sorumluluk duygusuyla hareket etmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Sosyal refah\u0131n ve adaletin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi, sorumluluk duygusu ta\u015f\u0131yan fertlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da ancak e\u011fitilmi\u015f insanla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Medeni bir toplum olmak, uygarca ya\u015famak, sokaklar\u0131 evimiz gibi g\u00f6rmek, insanlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sayg\u0131 duymak ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131y\u0131 yok etmek gibi daha nice fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn temelinde hep e\u011fitilmi\u015f insan modeli vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Demirel, \u00d6. (1999). <strong>Plandan De\u011ferlendirmeye \u00d6\u011fretme Sanat\u0131<\/strong>. Ankara: PegemA Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k.S.5<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2980112142\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Ert\u00fcrk, S. (1994). <strong>E\u011fitimde Program Geli\u015ftirme<\/strong>. Ankara: Meteksan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131. S.11<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1281302783\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Nevzat \u00d6ZT\u00dcRK \u0130nsan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki ser\u00fcveni, genel kabule g\u00f6re, beraberinde \u00f6nceden herhangi bir bilgi getirmeden ba\u015flar ve ki\u015fi do\u011fumdan itibaren bir \u00f6\u011frenme ve uyum s\u00fcrecine<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":25531,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-7ko","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Nevzat.jpg?fit=184%2C194&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28172"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28172\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25531"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}