{"id":27910,"date":"2018-03-04T19:04:16","date_gmt":"2018-03-04T18:04:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=27910"},"modified":"2019-07-21T12:14:58","modified_gmt":"2019-07-21T10:14:58","slug":"turk-islam-kulturu-maturidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/turk-islam-kulturu-maturidi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"\" data-block=\"true\" data-editor=\"bodm1\" data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\">\n<p class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\"><span data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\"><strong>T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde, \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00eelik, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin bir\u00e7ok ayd\u0131n \u015fahsiyetin ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusu ve dura\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\"><span data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\"><em>Bunun sebebi M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00eeli\u011fin, fikri hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131nda pratikte bu toplumun \u0130slam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ahlak \u00f6\u011fretilerine ve geleneklerimize kadar her yerde varolmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu mesele sadece bir itikad meselesi de\u011fildir, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir zihniyet ve d\u00fcnyaya bak\u0131\u015f meselesidir.<\/em> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\"><em><strong>T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc olan M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019yi tan\u0131mak ile ba\u015flayal\u0131m.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"7f21v-0-0\"><span data-offset-key=\"7f21v-0-0\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"5kp13-0-0\"><strong>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee Kimdir?<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"8mjij-0-0\"><span data-offset-key=\"8mjij-0-0\">\u00a0<\/span><em>As\u0131l ad\u0131 Eb\u00fb Mans\u00fbr el-M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee olan M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee, Semerkand \u015fehrinin M\u00e2t\u00fcr\u00eed mahallesinde d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fum tarihi kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, 333\/944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Semerkand\u2019da vefat etmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6nmez Kutlu\u2019nun da s\u00f6ylemi ve kan\u0131tlar\u0131yla T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 oldu\u011fu kabul edilir(bkz.-Bilinen ve Bilinmeyen Y\u00f6nleriyle \u0130mam M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee). Maturidi Semerkand\u2019da bulunan ve Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l C\u00fczcaniyye isimli e\u011fitim merkezinde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Daha sonra bu merkezin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"_1mf _1mj\" data-offset-key=\"22bci-0-0\"><em>Burada \u00f6nemli olan husus, bu e\u011fitim merkezinde yeti\u015fenlerin ilmi gelene\u011finin Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019ye dayanmas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6nmez Kutlu\u2019nun s\u00f6ylemlerine g\u00f6re onun sadece o b\u00f6lgedeki eserleriyle yetinmedi\u011fi ve yap\u0131lan al\u0131nt\u0131lara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise onun Aristo\u2019nun Mant\u0131k adl\u0131 eserini de inceledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019nin itikad ve f\u0131k\u0131h olmak \u00fczere her iki alanda uzmanla\u015fma gelene\u011fini devam ettiren ki\u015filerdendir. Bu sebeple her iki alim i\u00e7in de f\u0131kh\u00ee ve itikad\u00ee konular\u0131 iyi bilen anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cfakih\u201d unvan\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/div>\n<div data-offset-key=\"22bci-0-0\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019nin T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00dczerine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee, Sem\u2019ani ve Zebidi gibi baz\u0131 yazarlarca soyu Araplara dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da bunu ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok kan\u0131t bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019nin yeti\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lgede kaleme al\u0131nan kaynaklarda b\u00f6yle bir bilgi yoktur. <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Onun soyunu Eb\u00fb Eyy\u00fbb el-Ens\u00e2r\u00ee\u2019ye dayand\u0131ran Zebid\u00ee, soyunun ger\u00e7ekten ona ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, takdir ve \u015fereflendirme amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir. <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019nin eserleri, \u00f6zellikle Kit\u00e2bu\u2019t-Tevh\u00eed\u2019in Arap dili bak\u0131m\u0131ndan baz\u0131 ifade bozukluklar\u0131, mu\u011flakl\u0131klar\u0131 ve gramatik hatalar\u0131 i\u00e7ermesi, onun Arap olmayan birisi taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermektedir. <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Eserlerinde ifadelerin zaman zaman T\u00fcrk\u00e7e c\u00fcmle yap\u0131s\u0131na uygun bi\u00e7imde kurulmas\u0131, eserlerin T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 bir alime ait oldu\u011funun en \u00f6nemli kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Mensuplar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan E\u015f\u2019ar\u00ee\u2019nin Arap as\u0131ll\u0131 olmas\u0131yla \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrken, ayn\u0131 \u015feyin M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 da onun Arap olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka delilidir.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019nin \u0130tikadi Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u0130man-amel ili\u015fkisi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Amellerin imandan birer c\u00fcz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikrini ortaya atan mezhep M\u00fcrcie\u2019dir. Onlara g\u00f6re amel, iman\u0131n bir sonucudur, bir par\u00e7as\u0131 de\u011fildir. M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ile birlikte aynen benimsemi\u015ftir. O ise M\u00fcrcie\u2019nin bu yorumuna ilaveten \u015funu getirmi\u015ftir: E\u011fer ki\u015fi amelin farz oldu\u011funu biliyor ancak yerine getirmiyorsa iman\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015fme olmaz, ki\u015fi Allah kat\u0131nda ancak g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r olur lakin ki\u015finin amelini yerine getirmeme sebebi onun farz oldu\u011funa inanmamas\u0131 ise o zaman imandan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olur. Kez\u00e2 ameller imana dahil olsayd\u0131 hi\u00e7 kimsenin iman\u0131 tam olamazd\u0131. Oysa biz biliyoruz ki imanda eksilme yada artma yoktur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir ki\u015fi ya Allah\u2019a inan\u0131yordur ya da inanm\u0131yordur.<\/em><\/p><div id=\"bghab-1032706223\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Akl\u0131n iman esas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re, dini bilgiye ula\u015fmada iki y\u00f6ntem vard\u0131r: Bunlardan birisi ak\u0131l di\u011feri ise haberdir,\u00a0 akli ilkelere dayand\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir inan\u00e7 sistemi, dengeli bir amelin de olu\u015fmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil eder. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nemlisi de Allah\u2019\u0131 ve onun emirlerini bilmek kesb\u00ee-irad\u00ee bir olgudur. M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re \u0130man konusunda sorumluluk ancak akl\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee\u2019de ak\u0131l-nakil ili\u015fkisi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00ee ak\u0131l ve nakil aras\u0131nda bir orta yol bularak; lehte-aleyhte kavgas\u0131n\u0131 bitirerek Hanefi \u00d6zcan\u2019\u0131n deyimiyle \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin teori ile pratik aras\u0131nda dengeli bir ili\u015fki kurma esas\u0131na dayanarak<\/strong>\u201d realist bir tutum sergilemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015f ve de ger\u00e7eklerle, iradeyle ve ak\u0131lla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmayan ayn\u0131 zamanda da hurafelerden ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir din alya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde co\u011frafyan\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re s\u00fcnni mezhepleri temsil eden medreselere a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermi\u015flerdir.<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-2009704543\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>\u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Rumeli, Anadolu, Kuzey Karadeniz co\u011frafyas\u0131nda Hanef\u00ee mezhebi, Suriye ve M\u0131s\u0131r ile di\u011fer Afrika \u00fclkelerinde ise d\u00f6rt mezhep \u00fczerine medreseler a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul, Edirne, Bursa, Konya, Erzurum medreselerinde genellikle Hanef\u00ee mezhebi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131, \u015eam ve Kahire\u2019de ise \u015eafi\u00ee, Malik\u00ee, Hanef\u00ee ve Hanbel\u00ee mezheplere mensup medreseler bulunuyordu.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde en \u00f6nemli yeri edinen M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00eelik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00a0Cumhuriyet ile birlikte T\u00fcrk toplumunun hayata kar\u015f\u0131 aktivist bir tutum tak\u0131nmas\u0131na; talih, ak\u0131bet ve kaderci anlay\u0131\u015fla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi geri itmesine katk\u0131da bulunan ve herkesin \u201ckendini Allah\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi yerde d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde kurmas\u0131n\u0131\u201d \u00f6\u011freten y\u00f6n\u00fcne vurgu yap\u0131larak modernle\u015fme \u00f6n\u00fcnde zihni engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span data-offset-key=\"7o5a7-0-0\"><strong>Murat ULUT\u00dcRK<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1633424663\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde, \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00eelik, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin bir\u00e7ok ayd\u0131n \u015fahsiyetin ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusu ve dura\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bunun sebebi M\u00e2tur\u00eed\u00eeli\u011fin,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27915,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6],"tags":[86,2183,120],"class_list":["post-27910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum","tag-islam","tag-maturidi","tag-turk"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-7ga","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/murat0.jpg?fit=510%2C512&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27910"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27910\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}