{"id":25893,"date":"2018-01-11T19:58:40","date_gmt":"2018-01-11T16:58:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=25893"},"modified":"2018-01-12T22:58:29","modified_gmt":"2018-01-12T19:58:29","slug":"yogurdu-dunyaya-tanitan-ulke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/yogurdu-dunyaya-tanitan-ulke\/","title":{"rendered":"Yo\u011furdu d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131tan \u00fclke"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph--bold\">Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n tarihi ve kimli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yo\u011furt b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki Bulgarlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, yo\u011furdun 4000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bu topraklarda dola\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men kabileler taraf\u0131ndan bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Bulgaristan&#8217;da her yerde yo\u011furt g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Yemeklerin yan\u0131nda, d\u00fcr\u00fcm ve musakka \u00fczerinde, market raflar\u0131nda\u2026 Tarator ve cac\u0131k gibi geleneksel mezelerin, ayran\u0131n temel maddesi, k\u0131zartmalar\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmezidir yo\u011furt.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Bulgaristan&#8217;da yo\u011furdun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi \u00e7ok eskilere dayan\u0131yor. Bulgarlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, yo\u011furdun 4000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bu topraklarda dola\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men kabileler taraf\u0131ndan bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131yor. G\u00f6\u00e7erler s\u00fctlerini hayvan tulumunda ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bakteriler \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131p mayalanm\u0131\u015f ve yo\u011furt meydana gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Yo\u011furdun genel olarak farkl\u0131 yer ve zamanlarda bu \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ilk \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yerinin ise muhtemelen Orta Do\u011fu ve Orta Asya oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Filibe \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nde etnoloji do\u00e7enti Elitsa Stoilova&#8217;ya g\u00f6re, &#8220;Yo\u011furdun y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r Balkan topraklar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir besin maddesi oldu\u011fu do\u011frudur. \u0130nsanlar bir \u015fekilde bu do\u011fal olu\u015fum s\u00fcrecini ke\u015ffetmi\u015f\u2026 Balkanlar ger\u00e7ekten de yo\u011furdun do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken bakterilere ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa sahip olan b\u00f6lgelerden biri.&#8221;<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2529549657\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"article-image\">\n<div><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/695\/cpsprodpb\/2B4B\/production\/_99538011_9d63d3a4-0461-4fce-9998-72a995897050.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"yo\u011furt\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"article-image__image-copyright-container\">Yo\u011furtla yap\u0131lan tarator Bulgarlar\u0131n favori yemeklerinden biridir.<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Nerede ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f olursa olsun, yo\u011furdun Bat\u0131ya tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc pop\u00fcler ve ticari \u00fcr\u00fcn haline gelmesinde Bulgaristan \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">1905&#8217;te yo\u011furdun bile\u015fimini ilk ortaya koyan bilim adam\u0131 Bulgar doktor\u00a0<strong>Stamen Grigorov\u00a0<\/strong>&#8216;du. B\u00f6ylece, s\u00fct\u00fc yo\u011furda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bakteriye\u00a0<strong>laktobasil bulgarikus\u00a0<\/strong>ad\u0131 verildi. Grigorov&#8217;un do\u011fdu\u011fu Trun k\u00f6y\u00fc ise\u00a0d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tek yo\u011furt m\u00fczesini\u00a0bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Bug\u00fcn yo\u011furt denince akl\u0131m\u0131za T\u00fcrk, Yunan, hatta \u0130zlanda yo\u011furdu geliyor. Ama 1920&#8217;li ve 30&#8217;lu y\u0131llarda Grigorov&#8217;un inceledi\u011fi orijinal yo\u011furt numunesine bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ilgi g\u00f6stermesi nedeniyle Bulgar yo\u011furdu pop\u00fclerdi.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Grigorov&#8217;un yo\u011furtla ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcll\u00fc\u00a0<strong>Rus biyolog \u0130lya Me\u00e7nikov\u00a0<\/strong>&#8216;un dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. 1908&#8217;de yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u00d6mr\u00fcn Uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 (The Prolongation of Life)\u00a0adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, Bulgar k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmas\u0131 ile \u00e7ok yo\u011furt yemeleri aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 kuruyordu.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Avrupa&#8217;da en fazla say\u0131da 100 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n insan\u0131n topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n Rodop Da\u011flar\u0131. Yo\u011furdun \u00f6mr\u00fc uzatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bu kan\u0131, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131 pek bilmedikleri bu g\u0131daya y\u00f6neltti.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1139422767\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"article-image\">\n<div class=\"article-image__image-copyright-container\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/695\/mcs\/media\/images\/76020000\/jpg\/_76020974_line976.jpg?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"line\" \/><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ichef.bbci.co.uk\/news\/695\/cpsprodpb\/115AB\/production\/_99538017_52873631-7e7a-479d-b998-3ae64358ca79.jpg?resize=640%2C359&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"koyunlar\" width=\"640\" height=\"359\" \/><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<figure class=\"article-image\"><figcaption class=\"media-caption article-image--has-caption\"><span class=\"media-caption__text\">Geleneksel yo\u011furt b\u00f6lgeye ve mevsime g\u00f6re manda veya koyun s\u00fct\u00fcnden \u00fcretiliyordu.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Ama Bulgar yo\u011furduna y\u00f6nelik bu yeni talep art\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden oldu. Daha \u00f6nce evlerde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan yo\u011furt \u00fcretimi fabrikalara ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetiminde, \u00f6zel cihazlar\u0131n, kat\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerin ve laboratuvarda saf hale getirilmi\u015f yo\u011furt k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Bu yo\u011furtlar ev yo\u011furdundaki ekstra mikrofloradan yoksundu. Yo\u011furdun esas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan yararl\u0131 bakterinin \u00e7ok iyi geli\u015femedi\u011fi ortamlarda yap\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fcretimde kuru maya ve inek s\u00fct\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">&#8220;Geleneksel yo\u011furt b\u00f6lgeye ve mevsime g\u00f6re manda veya koyun s\u00fct\u00fcnden \u00fcretiliyordu. \u015eimdilerde yo\u011furt yap\u0131m\u0131nda inek s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tamamen sanayile\u015fme ile ilgili&#8221; diyor Stoilova.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Bulgaristan&#8217;da \u00e7o\u011fu insan evde yo\u011furt yapmaya devam etse de 1949&#8217;da s\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri sanayiinin devlet kontrol\u00fcne ge\u00e7mesi baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden oldu. Yo\u011furt, Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131 Sovyet blokundan ay\u0131ran milli bir \u00fcr\u00fcn haline geldi.<\/p>\n<p class=\"amp-o-paragraph\">Ama yo\u011furt yap\u0131m\u0131 farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in devlet &#8220;otantik&#8221; Bulgar yo\u011furdu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak durumunda kald\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3777887192\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>BBC T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-243968903\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n tarihi ve kimli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yo\u011furt b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki Bulgarlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, yo\u011furdun 4000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bu topraklarda dola\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men kabileler taraf\u0131ndan bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":25908,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/yogurt-bulgar.jpg?fit=695%2C390&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-6JD","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25893","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25893"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25893\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25908"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25893"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25893"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}