{"id":25758,"date":"2018-01-07T21:35:53","date_gmt":"2018-01-07T18:35:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=25758"},"modified":"2018-01-11T11:06:53","modified_gmt":"2018-01-11T08:06:53","slug":"aclik-ve-cahillik-bir-araya-geldiginde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/aclik-ve-cahillik-bir-araya-geldiginde\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00e7l\u0131k ve cahillik bir araya geldi\u011finde"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Okula gitmeyen \u00e7ocuklar &#8211; 2018<\/p>\n<p>Tarih: 7 Ocak 2018<\/p>\n<p>Yazan: Nedim AKIN<\/p>\n<p>Konu:\u00a0 <strong>Bunal\u0131m\u0131n 2018 renkleri <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static6.depositphotos.com\/1012051\/575\/i\/950\/depositphotos_5756556-stock-photo-bare-feet-warming-at-a.jpg?resize=442%2C332&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u0130lgili resim\" width=\"442\" height=\"332\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>VE \u00c7IKI\u015e YOLU.<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-227399606\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bizde, \u201c<strong>kuru kakas\u0131na muhta\u00e7<\/strong>\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131r. T\u0131p\u0131\u015f t\u0131p\u0131\u015f gelmeyen ayaklar i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Biz hi\u00e7bir zaman hi\u00e7bir kimsenin k\u00f6t\u00fc olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemedik. Fakatalt\u0131n kaplamal\u0131 yalanlar\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki k\u00fcf kendini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Baharlar soluyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2018\u2019ilk g\u00fcnlerinde Bulgar devletinin n\u00fcfus rakamlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2017\u2019de 57 175 \u00e7ocuk d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015f.\u00a0 Bu rakam\u0131n dili \u00e7ok ac\u0131. 1945 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra yan\u0131 son 72 y\u0131lda Bulgaristan\u2019da bir y\u0131lda bu kadar az \u00e7ocuk d\u00fcnyaya gelmemi\u015fti. Olay bir felakete i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporunda, 1 Ocak 2017 &#8211; 1 Ocak 2018 aras\u0131 Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n 28 ilinde\u00a0 d\u00fcnyaya gelen \u00e7ocuklar, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan \u00e7ocuklardan 7 809 daha azd\u0131r.\u00a0 2016\u2019da 64 894 \u00e7ocuk d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti. Daha geri bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda 2015\u2019te d\u00fcnyaya gelen \u00e7ocuklar 65 970; 2014\u2019te ise 67 585 idi. \u0130statistiklere bak\u0131l\u0131rsa son 70 y\u0131lda Bulgaristan\u2019da en fazla \u00e7ocuk 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu &#8211; 182 571 \u00e7ocuk.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3285577789\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 iller aras\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda 2017\u2019de en fazla \u00e7ocuk Sofya\u2019da (15 262), ikinci yerde Plovdiv (Filibe)\u00a0 \/6 511\/ ve en az da Vidin\u00a0 ilinde (369) ile Yambol ilinde (377) d\u00fcnyaya geldi.<\/p>\n<p>2017 raporunda az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n do\u011fum oran\u0131na i\u015faret edilmedi.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da do\u011fumun \u00e7ok azalmas\u0131 nedenlerinin aras\u0131nda en \u00f6nde \u015funlara i\u015faret ediliyor: 1\/ n\u00fcfusun fazla ya\u015flanmas\u0131; 2\/ do\u011fum yapma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ekonomik sebeplerle \u00fclkeden ka\u00e7mas\u0131; 3) gen\u00e7 neslin sa\u011fl\u0131k ve sosyal durumunun do\u011fum yapmaya uygun olmamas\u0131 vb. Do\u011fum yapanlar\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 30\u2019un \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmas\u0131 da ayr\u0131 bir sorundur. B\u00fct\u00fcn Bulgaristan\u2019da sadece 27 000 aile 3 \u00e7ocuk sahibidir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan Bulgaristan\u2019da kad\u0131n n\u00fcfusun azalma e\u011filimi y\u0131ldan y\u0131la h\u0131z al\u0131yor. 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgar \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc verilerine g\u00f6re, toplam n\u00fcfusun 4 milyonu bayanken, \u00a02015\u2019te bu rakam 3,6 milyona d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc yani 400 000 azald\u0131. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n 100 bin ki\u015fi daha azalmas\u0131 ve 3.5 milyona d\u00fc\u015fmesi, 2070 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Bulgaristan\u2019da kad\u0131n n\u00fcfusun 2.5 milyon kalmas\u0131 yan\u0131 son duruma g\u00f6re, 1.1 ki\u015fi azalmas\u0131 hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011fi n\u00fcfusuyla yap\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2015\u2019ten 2016\u2019ya kadar AB n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7indeki Bulgar n\u00fcfus 51 925 ki\u015fi azalm\u0131\u015f ve\u00a0 % 1,4 kalm\u0131\u015f\u0131z. Bunun sebebi ise, y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131d\u0131r. Genlerimizde akrabal\u0131k ba\u011flar\u0131 olan Bulgar milletinin gitgide hayat yolunun sonuna do\u011fru yakla\u015fmas\u0131 biz Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri i\u00e7in \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2055774484\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>****<\/p>\n<p>Bu ger\u00e7ekler Bulgaristan\u2019da \u201c<strong>sevda p\u0131nar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong>\u201d kurudu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor. \u00a0\u00c7ok ac\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ek. \u0130nsans\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015f bir memleketi vatan olarak sevmekse daha da ac\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Rumen Radev 2018 y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 konu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u201c<strong>halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u00e7l\u0131k g\u00f6mle\u011finden<\/strong>\u201d s\u00f6z etti. Avrupa \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda en yoksul oldu\u011fumuzu dile getirdi. Konuya de\u011findi de, \u00fclkemizde kurulan oligar\u015fi-mafya rejiminin halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 alabildi\u011fine s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, devleti r\u00fc\u015fvetle soydu\u011funu ve hayat hakk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 elimizden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmedi. Durumdan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu g\u00f6stermedi. Durumu en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerle halka anlatmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3602754239\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kuzey Bat\u0131 illerimiz olan Vidin, Vratsa ve Montana ile Tuna k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na yerle\u015fmi\u015f Lom \u015fehrinde Y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131nda kap\u0131 kap\u0131 dola\u015farak anket ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 imzalatan gruplar vard\u0131. Bas\u0131n bu anketlerin o illerde ya\u015famaya devam eden insanlar\u0131n Bulgaristan\u2019dan idari ve hukuksal olarak ayr\u0131lmak ve Romanya\u2019ya ba\u011flanmak i\u00e7in imzalat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u0130\u015fin tuhaf taraf\u0131 ise, k\u00f6yleri bo\u015falm\u0131\u015f, okul ve hastaneleri kapanm\u0131\u015f, yollar\u0131, k\u00f6pr\u00fcleri 30 y\u0131ldan beri onar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, tar\u0131m kooperatif binalar\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, tar\u0131m makineleri kesilip hurdaya verilmi\u015f, ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 sanayi tesisleri, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcretim \u00a0i\u015fletmeleri kapanm\u0131\u015f olan bu insanlar\u0131n ekmek paras\u0131 i\u00e7in her sabah 2. \u201cTuna\u201d k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerinden Romanya\u2019ya ge\u00e7tikleri ve gece karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00f6nd\u00fckleri y\u0131llar\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fidir. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bu iki \u00fclke AB \u00fcyesi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, iki devleti ilgilendiren hukuksal ve sosyal d\u00fczenlemeleri birer birer \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yana\u015fmad\u0131lar. Okul, e\u011fitim, uzmanla\u015fma, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve emeklilikle ilgili bir\u00e7ok sorun hen\u00fcz d\u00fczenlenmedi. Bulgar devleti bu gibi sorunlar\u0131 masaya yat\u0131rmaya yana\u015fmad\u0131. Kitle hareketlenmesi gecikmeli de olsa art\u0131k ba\u015flad\u0131. Kuzey Bat\u0131 Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00e7 ili idari ve hukuksal olarak Romanya\u2019ya ba\u011flanma eylem ve i\u015flemlerine ba\u015flad\u0131. Gerekli imzal\u0131 dilek\u00e7eleri topland\u0131. Etnik kimlik olarak bu insanlar Ulah\u2019t\u0131r. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Bulgaristan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015fler, isimleri ve kimlikleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f, okul ve di\u011fer k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ayd\u0131nl\u0131k ocaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7amam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Dalga geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. 100 y\u0131ldan sonra Bulgar devletinden kopmak isteyenler asl\u0131nda eritilemeyen, asimile olmayan Ulah kitlesidir.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>Benzer bir sorun Dobruca da ya\u015f\u0131yor. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere, 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Neuilly\u2019de imzalanan ve Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bitiren bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 1940 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bukre\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131yla bozuldu. G\u00fcney Dobruca Bulgar Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131na iade edildi. N\u00fcfus de\u011fi\u015fimi yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra b\u00f6lgedeki etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar anadil, anadilde e\u011fitim, \u00f6\u011fretim, etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve gelenekleri ya\u015fatma gibi konularda asla nefes alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 b\u00f6lgede ciddi sorunlar ya\u015fand\u0131. \u0130sim de\u011fi\u015ftirme olaylar\u0131ndan sonra zul\u00fcm \u015fiddetlendi. 1986\u2019dan sonra etnik kitle hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri u\u011fruna hareketlendi ve 1989May\u0131s Ayaklanmas\u0131na \u00f6n saflarda kat\u0131ld\u0131. Y\u00fczlerce ki\u015finin hapis edilmesi ve zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rmesi halk\u0131n hiddetini g\u00f6klere \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Romanya\u2019da baz\u0131 siyasi \u00e7evreler bu n\u00fcfusun hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin, kolektif haklar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131nda yeniden \u0131srar etmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca, b\u00f6lgede ezilen etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa hak tan\u0131ma, sivil toplum toplumu olu\u0131\u015fturma sorunlar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme geldi. Dobruca\u2019da ya\u015fayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131mlar hen\u00fcz at\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n 2018 ger\u00e7ekli\u011finde alt\u0131n kaplamal\u0131 g\u00f6steri\u015fin ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi D\u00f6nem Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 parlay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan s\u0131r\u0131tan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ger\u00e7ek daha var. Bu da \u201csokak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131\u201d ger\u00e7e\u011fidir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3643735192\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan bu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fine \u201c<strong>kazan\u0131lmadan kaybedilmi\u015f bir gelece\u011fin<\/strong>\u201d herhangi bir yerine s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenler eylem halindedir. \u00a0Onlar\u0131 ge\u00e7indirmek i\u00e7in her Cuma annelerini camiler etraf\u0131nda el a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u201c<strong>Ben sokak \u00e7ocu\u011fuyum abi<\/strong>!\u201d diyenler art\u0131yor. \u201c<strong>Yani ben yard\u0131ma muhtac\u0131m abi<\/strong>!\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen bu s\u00f6zler her birimizin can\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ktidarda bulunan\u00a0 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i, fa\u015fizan zihniyetli, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n k\u00f6r cahil, mesleksiz, ge\u00e7imsiz, \u201cgetto-mahallere\u201d kapanm\u0131\u015f, devaml\u0131 polis g\u00f6zetiminde bulunan, korku i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck nedir bilmeyen, hak s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenmelerine asla imkan tan\u0131nmayan ve halen Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve \u201cEtnik ve Demografi\u201d Sorunlar\u0131 Devlet Komisyonunda Ba\u015fkan\u0131 g\u00f6revinde bulunan V. Stoyanov 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ve Devlet B\u00fct\u00e7esinden b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar \u00e7imdikleyerek, belediyeleri, polis ve jandarmay\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irerek 2017 \/ 2018 ders y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 okula toplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. E\u011fitim bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rakamlarla ger\u00e7ek duruma g\u00f6z atal\u0131m:<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/bg-2017.jpg?w=640\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda okula gitmeyen \u00f6\u011frencilerin say\u0131s\u0131 206 378. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rakam. Devletin b\u00fct\u00fcn gayretlerine ve yap\u0131lan masrafa ra\u011fmen okula toplanabilen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ise ancak 17 297.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu \u00e7ok ac\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Todor Jivkov\u2019un zul\u00fcm d\u00f6neminde de bu b\u00f6yleydi. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i maa\u015flar\u0131 120 leva iken, okula giden \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ana-babas\u0131na ayda 30 leva para veriliyordu. \u00dcniversiteye giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131nda Orta (3) alan \u00c7ingen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n hepsini \u00fcniversiteye yazd\u0131rma karar\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu karardan 1977 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sofya \u00dcniversitesinde Felsefe okumak isteyen Ahmet Do\u011fan da yararlanabilirdi, ne yaz\u0131k ki s\u0131navda Zay\u0131f (2) alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u00f6zel vurgulamay\u0131 yapmama neden \u015fudur.\u00a0 \u00c7ingeneler yaln\u0131z bir Y\u00fcksek Okula yaz\u0131lam\u0131yordu: Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesine; Psikoloji ve Sosyoloji okumaya. Bunun nedeni ise, hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini savunabilecek, toplumdaki ger\u00e7ek durumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmelerine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yacak dersleri g\u00f6rmelerini \u00f6nlemekti. \u0130ki, \u00c7ingen dilini de ana dil olarak okuyam\u0131yorlard\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc anadilin temelinde edebiyat, sanat, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve uygarl\u0131k edinimlerinden istekleri olabilir ve etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k toplulu\u011fu olarak uyanabilirlerdi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3837560058\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgar \u00c7ingenelerinin hen\u00fcz alfabesi yoktur. Onlar i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan yerel yay\u0131nlar Bulgar dilinde yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Genel istatistikler de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde Bulgaristan\u2019da 8. S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bitiren \u00f6\u011frencilerden her on ki\u015fiden biri \u00f6\u011fretimine devam etmiyor. Okuldan ayr\u0131l\u0131yor. Kayd\u0131 olsa bile derse girmiyor. \u201c<strong>Amadipe<\/strong>\u201d adl\u0131 sosyolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131lsonu sondajlar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ger\u00e7ek, ders odas\u0131na toplanan 17 297 \u00e7ocuk, daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7bir zaman okula ayak basmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Okula gitmeyi kabul etmeyen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 Sliven, Stara Zagora ve Plovdiv (Filibe) il ve il\u00e7elerinde en y\u00fcksek iken, Smolyan (Pa\u015fmakl\u0131), Gabrovo ve Vratsa illerinde okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ocuk oran\u0131n\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkle \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okula gitmedikleri, ye\u015fil renkle ise okula ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131\u00a0 illere i\u015faret ediyor:<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/bg-hart.jpg?resize=640%2C324\" width=\"640\" height=\"324\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ajans\u0131n yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7larda, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okula gitmemelerine de\u011fi\u015fik nedenler g\u00f6sterilirken, anne-babas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkeye i\u015f aramak i\u00e7in yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na gitmi\u015f, bir\u00e7oklar\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 da beraber g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131nda kalan \u00e7ocuklar ise denetimsiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Baz\u0131 ailelerin \u00e7ocu\u011funu okula g\u00f6ndermeye paras\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, okul giderlerini kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi sebepler \u00f6n plana \u00e7ak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sofya \u00dcniversitesi bilim adamlar\u0131yla yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 s\u00f6yle\u015filerden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, onlara g\u00f6re ise, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okula gitmek istememesine en b\u00fcy\u00fck neden, en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel, okulda \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 anlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekmesidir. Sofya \u00dcniversitesi eski Rekt\u00f6rlerinden \u00a0biri, bu konuda \u015fu hususa i\u015faret etti:\u00a0 \u201c4 s\u0131n\u0131fta bir \u00f6\u011frenciye \u0130van Vazov\u2019un \u201c<strong>Esaret Alt\u0131nda<\/strong>\u201d \u00a0roman\u0131n\u0131 okutursan\u0131z, hem anlamaz, hem de anlatamaz. Okulda eski tarih \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131larak okutulurken, son d\u00f6nem tarihinden ise tek s\u00f6z edilmemesi de kafa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitimin anaokulundan ve ilkokulun birinci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Bulgarca olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ana dillerini \u00f6\u011frenemezken, onlar i\u00e7in bir yabanc\u0131 bir dil olan \u00f6nce Bulgar dilini kavramaya zorlanmalar\u0131 \u00a0da b\u00fcy\u00fck alg\u0131lama sorunlar\u0131 yarat\u0131yor. Sonu\u00e7ta Bulgar toplumu \u00fcst\u00fcne meclis k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnden a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunan Bulgaristan Sosyalist Partisi (BSP) milletvekili Prof. Hristov\u2019un belirti\u011fi gibi, toplumun % 40\u2019\u0131 cahil, % 70\u2019i okudu\u011funu anlayamaz \u00a0durumda ve % 80\u2019i de \u201cdebil\u201d yani g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz zavall\u0131lar durumunaa bulunuyor. \u00a0Bu \u00e7ok ac\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu vahim durumun i\u00e7inde bir de \u00a0Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri ve t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar vard\u0131r. Alt\u0131n kaplama alt\u0131ndaki k\u00fcfl\u00fc ger\u00e7ek budur. Ve bu ger\u00e7ek bizim yar\u0131nlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 karart\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Son 28 y\u0131lda Bulgaristan\u2019da en b\u00fcy\u00fck etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k olan \u00c7ingeneler aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7erek 686 genci doktor ve 1000 \u00e7ocu\u011fu da m\u00fchendis yapmak sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olam\u0131yor. \u00d6nce yoksul n\u00fcfusa i\u015f g\u00f6stermek, hepsini getto-mahallerden \u00e7\u0131karmak ve insan gibi ya\u015fam ortam\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel gelenekleriyle ya\u015fam ortam\u0131 yaratmak \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okuldan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na ge\u00e7erli neden olarak g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, erken ya\u015fta i\u015fe ba\u015flama, her k\u00f6yde okul olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ula\u015f\u0131m sorunlar\u0131, erken ya\u015fta evlenme gibi sorunlar biliniyor ve onlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc de sosyal ve ekonomiktir. Fakat bu nedenlerden hi\u00e7 biri belirleyici de\u011fildir. Yar\u0131m as\u0131r s\u00fcregelen uygulama \u00c7ingene ana-babaya 20-30 leva verip de \u00e7ocu\u011fun okul sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zme yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu defalarca kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131nda son 50 y\u0131lda de\u011fi\u015fen hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmamas\u0131 buna kan\u0131tt\u0131r. \u015eimdiki durumda az\u0131nl\u0131klar Bulgar sorun uza\u011f\u0131nda, her hangi bir k\u00f6\u015fede kalm\u0131\u015f ve kendilerinden bir \u015fey beklenmedi\u011fini biliyorlar.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1668798908\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ku\u015fkusuz, gerek iktidardaki fa\u015fizan g\u00fc\u00e7ler, gerekse bakanl\u0131klardaki g\u00f6revliler her y\u0131l yeni yeni \u00f6neriler sunarak bu sorunlara s\u00f6zde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nermiyorlar. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyen sorunlar her y\u0131l ayn\u0131 yeni bir \u015fiddetle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmemi\u015f \u00a0olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu ne zamana kadar b\u00f6yle devam edecektir? \u00a0Cahil kalan \u00c7ingene T\u00fcrk Tatar ve Pomaklar modern toplumda yaln\u0131z hademelik ve temizlik mi yapacakt\u0131r. Biz topluma entegre olmadan Bulgar toplumu ileri ad\u0131m atabilir mi?<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fta e\u011fitim ve sa\u011fl\u0131k gibi sorunlar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeden demografi sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemez.<\/p>\n<p>Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n do\u011furmas\u0131ndan korkan Bulgar toplumu kendisi \u00fcreyemez.<\/p>\n<p>Gelece\u011finden korkan Bulgar kavmi yeniden \u00fcretim sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmeden toplumda \u00f6nc\u00fc olamaz.<\/p>\n<p>Etnik ayr\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00f6zekile\u015ftirmeyi se\u00e7en bir toplum kendi esir d\u00fc\u015fme deh\u015fetinden kurtulamaz.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3864170324\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm bekleyen sorunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelense \u00a0Bulgar devletinin \u00fclkede \u00e7ok etnikli, \u00e7ok dilli, \u00e7ok dinli, de\u011fi\u015fik k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir az\u0131nl\u0131klar toplulu\u011fu ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmesi gelir. Az\u0131nlk\u0131klara k\u00fclt\u00fcrel otonomi tan\u0131yabilmek i\u00e7in tek dilli ve tek ulusu Bulgar devleti kurma hevesinden kesinlikle vaz ge\u00e7melidir. Bulgar devletinin g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 ancak\u00a0 \u00e7ok etnikli, \u00e7ok dilli ve \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bulu\u015fmad\u0131r. Bu konuda s\u00f6z, dava ve eylem birli\u011fidir.<\/p>\n<p>Balkanlarda devlet kurma gelene\u011fi olan 2 uklus vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlardan biri T\u00fcrkler, \u00f6teki de Bulgarlard\u0131r. Bulgaristan ortam\u0131nda aralar\u0131nda gen ba\u011flar\u0131 olan bu iki ulusun birle\u015fme yolunu bulmas\u0131 ve birbirine sayg\u0131da eksiklik b\u0131rakmadan g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve gelecek ufkunu a\u00e7ma zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6k\u00fcp yok olmaktan tek kurtulu\u015f yolu budur.<\/p>\n<p>Payla\u015fmaya unutmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2687482457\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-45-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"bghab-1510229973\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Okula gitmeyen \u00e7ocuklar &#8211; 2018 Tarih: 7 Ocak 2018 Yazan: Nedim AKIN Konu:\u00a0 Bunal\u0131m\u0131n 2018 renkleri VE \u00c7IKI\u015e YOLU. Bizde, \u201ckuru kakas\u0131na muhta\u00e7\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-6Hs","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25758"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25758\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}