Piyasa Ekonomisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn en yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, Bulgaristan\u2019da b\u00f6lgesel u\u00e7urumun yeniden derinle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Ekonomik kriz zaman\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda refah a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgesel u\u00e7urum s\u00fcrecinde bir yava\u015flama g\u00f6zlenirken ve 2014 ve 2015 d\u00f6neminde yeni bir geli\u015fme kaydedilirken bug\u00fcn b\u00f6lgesel u\u00e7urumda yeni bir derinle\u015fme s\u00f6z konusu. En varl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak kabul edilen Sofya b\u00f6lgesi ile en yoksul b\u00f6lge olan Sliven aras\u0131nda refah fark\u0131, 4.5 katt\u0131r. Ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc b\u00f6lgeleri, yoksul b\u00f6lgelerden ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r, y\u00fcksek yat\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131n\u0131d\u0131r, ki bu da istihdam\u0131 ve geliri \u201cbeslemektedir\u201d. Neticede b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar daha y\u00fcksek hayat standart\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015f oluyor. S\u00f6z\u00fcm ona ekonomik gerilemenin \u201ctarifesinde\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131n\u0131 var ve bu ak\u0131n, sorunlu i\u015f piyasas\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck geliri ve y\u00fcksek yoksulluk oran\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getiriyor.<\/p>\n
Y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finde istihdam oran\u0131, % 68.5 gibi rekor seviyeye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta bu oran, kriz \u00f6ncesindeki % 65 oran\u0131n\u0131 bile a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, fakat bu da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m dengesizdir. Y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana en fazla yeni i\u015f yeri G\u00fcney Bulgaristan\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ki bunlar\u0131n %70\u2019\u015fi ba\u015fkentte, Sofya B\u00f6lgesinde, Plovdiv ve Stara Zagora\u2019da odaklanm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. S\u0131rf Plovdiv\u2019te son 12 ay zarf\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan yeni i\u015f yerleri, Kuzey Bulgaristan\u2019daki i\u015f yerlerinden tamam\u0131ndan daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yeni i\u015f yerlerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ile y\u0131l\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 % 5.8 oran\u0131na kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Fakat bu durum, haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 presonel say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmayan insan kaynaklar\u0131 \u00e7ok olsa da, kalifiye yetersizli\u011finden veya ba\u015fka nedenlerden dolay\u0131, hala i\u015f piyasas\u0131na kat\u0131lam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00dclke geneli i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan i\u015f piyasas\u0131ndaki ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 e\u011flimler, ortalama maa\u015f\u0131n artmas\u0131na, yani son \u00e7eyrek d\u00f6nemde %11 oran\u0131nda artmaya neden olmu\u015ftur. Fakat bir tek Sofya\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n maa\u015flar\u0131 ortalama maa\u015f seviyesini a\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Pleven ve Plovdiv\u2019te artma e\u011flimi g\u00f6zlenirken Vidin, Silistra ve K\u00f6stendil b\u00f6lgelerinde tam tersi ya\u015fan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Piyasa Ekonomisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, son 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde yerel vergilerin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydediyor. Buna, iyi ekonomik kalk\u0131nmaya ra\u011fmen, hemen hemen t\u00fcm belediyelerin gelirlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 zorluklar yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u0130\u015fte bundan dolay\u0131, Piyasa Ekonomisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, yerel idarelerin, devletin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel vergilerin %20\u2019lik oran\u0131n\u0131n tekrar belediyelere iade edilmesi fikirini s\u0131cak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>