{"id":24667,"date":"2017-11-14T19:25:38","date_gmt":"2017-11-14T16:25:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=24667"},"modified":"2017-11-14T19:25:45","modified_gmt":"2017-11-14T16:25:45","slug":"bulgarlar-yahudilerini-kurtardi-mi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgarlar-yahudilerini-kurtardi-mi-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgarlar Yahudilerini Kurtard\u0131 m\u0131?  &#8211; 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/nedim-ak%C4%B1n1.jpg?w=640\" \/>Nedim AKIN<\/p>\n<p>Tarih: 12 Kas\u0131m 2017<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm:<strong> Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in al\u0131nan yasal \u00f6nlemler.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yahudilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcne haz\u0131rlanma s\u00fcreci. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130l kafile \u201cTreplika\u201d \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildi.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-3538419592\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Birinci\u00a0<\/strong>y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u2013 Pomak, Makedon, Ulah, Gagavuz, \u00c7ingene, Tatar, T\u00fcrk \u2013 hepsinin isimlerini ve kimliklerini de\u011fi\u015ftiren ve bu s\u00fcrecin manevi bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn de devam ettirirken az\u0131nl\u0131klara devleti koklatmayanlar \u00f6zellikle 1942\u201343 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Yahudileri Polonya\u2019daki \u201c<strong>Treplika<\/strong>\u201d Nazi \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131na g\u00f6ndermi\u015fti. Hedeflerin Yahudileri yak\u0131p k\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u00e7mak vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu olay 2017\u2019de bas\u0131nda, toplumda, mecliste ve diplomaside yeniden ciddi karga\u015fa yaratt\u0131. Olaylar\u0131 \u00c7ar \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Boris\u2019in \u00d6zel Kalem Odas\u0131 \u015eefi Gruev\u2019in karde\u015fi Stefan Gruev\u2019in kaleminden, \u201c<strong>Dikenden Ta\u00e7<\/strong>\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131n 419. sayfas\u0131ndan bir al\u0131nt\u0131yla a\u00e7maya devam ediyoruz. Biz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n da ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za gelmedik kalmad\u0131. Bir as\u0131r boyu dinimizle, dinimizle, namusumuzla, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fczle u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131lar ve bizi dilsiz, dinsiz ve kimliksiz b\u0131rakmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Ak\u0131l fikir erecek gibi de\u011fil, aralar\u0131ndaki \u2013 fa\u015fist kom\u00fcnist \u2013 kavgas\u0131nda 10 milyon olsa da, bu iki ba\u011fda\u015fmaz g\u00fc\u00e7 Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 anla\u015ft\u0131, birle\u015fti, kayna\u015ft\u0131 ve sald\u0131rd\u0131k\u00e7a sald\u0131rd\u0131lar ve kavga bug\u00fcn de devam ediyor. Fakat biz ayn\u0131 zamanda hepimizin Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan Yahudilerin ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6r\u00fclen \u00e7orab\u0131 bilmekte, \u00f6\u011frenmekte yarar var g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeyiz.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>1942 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz aylar\u0131nda Devleti Koruma Kanunu (DKK) ile Yahudilerin ba\u015f\u0131na sar\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck, onlardan \u00f6zel bir vergi toplanmas\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok yerde mal ve m\u00fclklerine el konmas\u0131 oldu. O zaman Bulgar Yahudileri hen\u00fcz hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n tehlike alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Onlar o zaman Alman Nazileri taraf\u0131ndan atanan bir \u00f6zel grubun \u00e7ok deh\u015fetli bir karar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz i\u015fitmemi\u015fti. Hitler ve Himler i\u015fgal ettikleri Rus topraklardaki Yahudileri yok etme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ne var ki onlar Avrupa Yahudilerinin hepsinden kurtulmak i\u00e7in en elveri\u015fli yolun hangisi oldu\u011fu konusunda hen\u00fcz son karar\u0131 almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dczerinde durulan se\u00e7eneklerden biri hepsinin Filistin\u2019e s\u00fcr\u00fclmesiydi. Hepsinin topluca Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcp orada toplama kamplar\u0131nda kapal\u0131 tutmak \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ikinci se\u00e7enekti.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSS\u201d g\u00fc\u00e7leri Genel Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Reinhart Heidrich\u2019e Avrupa\u2019da \u201c<strong>Yahudi sorunu<\/strong>\u201dnun \u201c<strong>kesin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong>\u201d plan\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlamas\u0131 emredilmi\u015fti. 20 Ocak 1942\u2019de Berlin\u2019in \u201cWansee\u201d soka\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ofisinde Adolf Eichman\u2019\u0131n da kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fik bakanl\u0131klardan 15 temsilciyle bir konferans toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yahudilerin fiziksel yok edilmesinin \u00f6n haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak, \u0130ngiltere gibi i\u015fgal edilmesi gereken \u00fclkelerden de olmak \u00fczere, \u0130spanya ve Portekiz \u00f6rne\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devletler de bu kapsamda, b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrupa Yahudilerinin \u00f6nce Polonya\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi plan\u0131 bu konferansta haz\u0131rlan\u0131p onayland\u0131. <strong>Onaylanan cetvelde 48 bin Bulgar Yahudi\u2019sinin de ismi vard\u0131.<\/strong> Macaristan, Romanya ve Bulgaristan gibi m\u00fcttefik \u00fclkelerde \u201cSS\u201d plan\u0131 kendi Yahudilerini teslim ederken yerel idarelerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Bu i\u015fi Almanya D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcslenmi\u015fti. Tasar\u0131m\u0131n derin gizlilik ortam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u201c<strong>Yahudi sorununun kesin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnden s\u00f6z etmeden<\/strong>\u201d yeni Avrupa \u201c<strong>vatan\u0131<\/strong>\u201d olarak tan\u0131t\u0131lan Polonya\u2019ya \u201c<strong>g\u00f6\u00e7<\/strong>\u201d olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 karara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1855071865\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Almanlar\u0131n Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasalar\u0131 incelemeleri i\u00e7in, \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Amiri Aleksand\u0131r Belev ile birlikte, \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gabrovski\u2019nin yamaklar\u0131ndan biri olan, bir Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 bir m\u00fccahidi Almanya\u2019ya g\u00f6nderdi.\u00a0 Velev, Bulgar h\u00fckumetine Yahudileri s\u00fcrmeye haz\u0131rlanma ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz olan neleri varsa hepsini gasp etmeye haz\u0131rlanma \u00f6nerisi getirdi. Bu i\u015fin, ya \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Savas\u0131ndan sonra ya da Alman ordular\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu Afrika\u2019da uygun bir yeri ele ge\u00e7irmesinden sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fini bildirdikten sonra, \u201c<strong>Almanya Yahudileri kabul eder ve Galisiya\u2019ya ya da Rusya\u2019da ba\u015fka bir yere yerle\u015ftirmeyi kabul etmezse, onlar\u0131 s\u00fcrecek ba\u015fka uygun bir yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>\u201d s\u00f6zlerine ekledi. \u00d6te yandan, Yahudilerle ilgili tedbirlerin sertle\u015ftirilmesinde \u0131srar etti. Almanya\u2019da bulundu\u011fu g\u00fcnlerde Nazilerin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etkisi alt\u0131nda kalan Velev, Bulgar\u2019a evli, Do\u011fu Ortodoks dinini kabul etmi\u015f ve melez ve ba\u015fka Yahudi gruplar\u0131 da i\u00e7ine almak ko\u015fuluyla yeni k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 da istedi. Velev, bir de <strong>Yahudilerin ba\u015fkent Sofya\u2019dan kovulmas\u0131n\u0131, Yahudi \u00f6rg\u00fctleri \u00fczerinde s\u0131k\u0131 kontrol uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ve Yahudi sorunlar\u0131nla ilgilenecek bir \u00f6zel devlet komisyonu kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdi.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmet, Belev\u2019in \u00f6nerilerini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Alman bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda kabul etti. 1942 A\u011fustosunda yay\u0131nlanan bir emirle, Yahudiler i\u00e7in daha s\u0131k\u0131 rejim uyguland\u0131, Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Komisyonu (YSK) kuruldu ve Ba\u015fkan olarak Belev atand\u0131.\u00a0 YSK Yahudi i\u015flerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcnden sorumlu oldu. Bakanlar Kurulu ancak en \u00f6nemli kararlara onay verecekti. \u0130\u015fler birden bire de\u011fi\u015fti. 1942 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Bulgaristan Yahudileri g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerine sar\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131z takmaya zorland\u0131lar. \u00a0Evleri ve ma\u011fazalar\u0131 i\u015faretlendi. \u0130\u015fletmelerinden daha fazlas\u0131 kapat\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da aile Sofya\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Radyo al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, otomobilleri ve telefonlar\u0131 gasp edildi; 20 ile 45 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki erkekler seferber edildiler ve yol yap\u0131m i\u015flerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar.\u00a0 Papaz Stefan\u00a0 bu \u00f6nlemlerin Ortodoks H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmi\u015f Yahudi erkekler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilmi\u015fti. Ba\u015fbakan Filov, Yahudi olmayan biriyle evlilik yapm\u0131\u015f Yahudileri yakas\u0131nda sar\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131z ta\u015f\u0131maktan serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131. Yahudiler, i\u015flerini kolayl\u0131kla hallederken Bulgarlarla olan ba\u011flar\u0131ndan ve onlar\u0131n hizmetlerinden yararlan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda olan s\u0131k\u0131 rejim alt\u0131nda ya\u015fasalar da s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edileceklerine pek inanm\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1942 y\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcz\u00fcn ve k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler sertle\u015fmi\u015fti. \u00d6yle de olsa, Alman kurumlar\u0131 Yahudileri g\u00f6nderin diye Alman bask\u0131 dalgas\u0131n\u0131n belirdi\u011fi her defas\u0131nda, Bulgarlar ipe un seriyordu. Gerek\u00e7ede hep Yahudilerin yol yap\u0131m i\u015flerinde \u00e7ok gerekli ve faydal\u0131 oldu yazd\u0131lar. Bekerle bile, i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ihtiyac\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funun \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d oldu\u011funa vurgu yaparak, Berlin\u2019de kendini kand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ribentrop dahi, \u201cSS\u201d ve \u201cRSHA\u201d (\u0130mparatorluk G\u00fcvenlik Ba\u015f Amirli\u011fi) kat\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik idarelerini, Bulgaristan\u2019la ilgili dikkatli olmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rken, hen\u00fcz zaman\u0131n olgunla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sab\u0131r g\u00f6stermelerini \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>Ne var ki. RSHA gitgide \u015f\u00fcphelenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n Yahudiler konusunda tatmin edici i\u015fler yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir raporda RSHA casusluk dairesi ba\u015fkan\u0131 Walter Schelenberg, \u201c<strong>Bulgar halk\u0131n Yahudi aleyhinde onaylanan kanunlarla \u00e7ok ileri gidildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde olmas\u0131ndan<\/strong>\u201d yak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmi\u015fti.\u00a0 O, \u00c7ari\u00e7e Mariya-Luiza\u2019n\u0131n kirvesi olan, k\u0131demli devlet adam\u0131 Malinov\u2019un bir Yahudi Bayan\u2019la evli olmas\u0131ndan; Prens Simyon\u2019un kirvesi olan General Nikolov\u2019un torununun da bir Yahudi\u2019ye evli olmas\u0131ndan yak\u0131n\u0131yordu. Bunlar Yahudilerin Bulgarlar aras\u0131nda asimile oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlayan ufak deliller olsa da, RSHA g\u00f6revlilerinin Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131, \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik anlaml\u0131 bir e\u011filim ortaya koyuyordu. \u00c7ar\u0131n sekreteri g\u00f6revinde bulunan Balan\u2019\u0131n Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Komisyonu \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir Yahudi i\u00e7in bir \u015fey talep ederken \u00a0\u201c<strong>\u00c7ar emretti<\/strong>!\u201d s\u00f6zleri nas\u0131l yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131r? Schelenberg, sarayda g\u00f6rev alan baz\u0131 ba\u015fka ki\u015filerin de Yahudilerden yana m\u00fcdahalede bulunabilece\u011fini, s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>Schelenberg, Bulgar bakanlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131na ve bu arada \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gabrovski\u2019ye g\u00fcvenmiyordu. Bir defas\u0131nda ellerinde imzal\u0131 bir mektupla 300 Yahudi Sofya\u2019da \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvurdu\u011funda, Bakan Gabrovski\u2019nin kendilerini kap\u0131da kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bakanl\u0131k avlusunda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, \u201c<strong>k\u00f6t\u00fc olan\u0131n art\u0131k gelip ge\u00e7ti\u011fini<\/strong>\u201d s\u00f6yleyerek onlar\u0131 rahatlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 rapor etmi\u015fti. \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Yahudilerin e\u011flence yerlerini, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 pazar\u0131 ziyaret etmelerini hala yasaklamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yak\u0131nan Schelenberg, Bakan Gabrovski\u2019nin Saray\u2019\u0131n ve Bakanlar Kurulu\u2019nun daha \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bir Yahudi siyaseti izlenmesinde \u0131srar etti\u011fine de i\u015faret etmi\u015fti.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-686033609\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Alman \u0130stihbarat \u015eefi, Yahudilerin sar\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131z ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu hale getirmeyen Bulgar Adalet Bakan\u0131 Konstantin Partov\u2019tan da \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iydi. Bekerle ise, Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 kendisinin \u00f6zel giri\u015fimlerde bulunmamas\u0131ndan yak\u0131n\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Yahudi i\u015flerinde \u00c7ar Boris\u2019in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi takti\u011fi aynen uygulayan Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle ilgili Alman isteklerini kesin olarak reddetmi\u015f olmamakla birlikte, bu konuda ikircimli\u011fe d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc de denemez. Bu konuda bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ya\u015famaktan ka\u00e7arken, \u201c<strong>evet, fakat \u015fimdi de\u011fil, vakti gelince<\/strong>\u201d demeyi se\u00e7mi\u015fti. 2 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc D\u0131\u015f i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Almanya\u2019ya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi cevapta \u201c<strong>Bulgaristan Yahudilerini s\u00fcrmeye haz\u0131rd\u0131r, fakat \u015fu an kendilerinden kamu in\u015faatlar\u0131nda yararlan\u0131yoruz<\/strong>\u201d demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>RSHA, Yahudileri tren vagonlar\u0131na veya gemi ambarlar\u0131na doldurup g\u00f6nderme i\u015flerinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Eichman\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan Teodor Daneker\u2019i Sofya\u2019ya g\u00f6nderdi. Bu Nazi temsilcisi Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Komisyonu ile birlikte 3 ay s\u0131k\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra, Belev ile Daneker aras\u0131nda bir gizli mutabakata var\u0131ld\u0131 ve bu anla\u015fma 22 \u015eubat 1943\u2019te imza alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Bu gizli antla\u015fma maddelerine g\u00f6re, \u201cyeni topraklardan\u201d (Makedonya ve Trakya) 20\u00a0000 (yirmi bin Yahudi) 6 toplama kamp\u0131na toplanacak ve masraflar Bulgar taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmak \u00fczere Almanlar\u0131n i\u015fgal etti\u011fi Polonya\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilecekti. Yahudileri g\u00f6nderme i\u015fi Mart ay\u0131da ba\u015flayacak ve May\u0131s ay\u0131 sonuna kadar tamamlanacakt\u0131. S\u00fcr\u00fclecekleriyle ilgili Yahudilere bilgi verilmeyecek, Bulgaristan i\u00e7inde ba\u015fka bir b\u00f6lgeye de\u011fi\u015ftirilecekleri s\u00f6ylenecekti.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sofya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 2 Mart 1943 tarihinde Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi plan\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131.\u00a0 Alman makamlar\u0131n\u0131n raz\u0131l\u0131yla k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce kurtar\u0131lan \u201cyeni topraklardan\u201d 20\u00a0000 (yirmi bin) Yahudi\u2019yi s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6ndermek \u00fczere Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Komisyonu\u2019na 127 nolu hamiline emir kabul etti.\u00a0 \u00d6te yandan, Daneker ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli antla\u015fmada yer alan \u201cyeni Bulgar topraklar\u0131 Trakya ve Makedonya\u201d s\u00f6zlerini silen Belev belgenin asl\u0131na k\u0131ym\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0 Asl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fen evraka dayan\u0131larak \u201ceski Bulgar topraklar\u0131ndan\u201d da Yahudiler s\u00fcr\u00fclebilirdi. Bu sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k (ayn\u0131 ye\u015fil m\u00fcrekkep kullan\u0131larak) \u015fahsen Belev taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O i\u015fg\u00fczar bir Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131yd\u0131. \u201cYeni topraklardaki Yahudi n\u00fcfus toplam 14\u00a0000 ki\u015fiydi. Almanlarsa ilk parti i\u00e7in 20\u00a0000 ki\u015filik kota vermi\u015flerdi. 6-7\u00a0000 ki\u015filik kota kullan\u0131lamayacak, vagonlar \u201cbo\u015f\u201d gidecekti.\u00a0 H\u00fck\u00fcmet emri ile kendisinin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli anla\u015fma aras\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u015fkili bir durum olsa da, o s\u00fcr\u00fclecek olan Bulgar vatanda\u015f\u0131 \u201cistenmeyen\u201d Yahudilerden se\u00e7erek g\u00f6nderilecekler listesini tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Gizli planla ilgili gayr\u0131 resmi yollardan haber alan, meclis ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Pe\u015fev ve di\u011fer parlamenterler, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6fkeye kap\u0131larak, hemen hareket etmeye karar verdiler. 9 Mart sabah\u0131 erkenden Pe\u015fev\u2019in makam\u0131nda topland\u0131lar. Yako Baruh ile Bulgar ordusunda en y\u00fcksek r\u00fctbeli Yahudi olan Albay Avram Tacer ve ba\u015fka Yahudi \u00f6nc\u00fclerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn ak\u015fam\u0131nda sorunu meclise ta\u015f\u0131maya karar verdiler. Saat 17\u2019de, \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gabrovski ak\u015fam oturumuna geldi\u011finde, Pe\u015fev ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 ona bir kenara \u00e7ekerek, s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderme emri geri al\u0131nmazsa gensoruya yol a\u00e7acak bir tart\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flatacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdiler. Bu, ise bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet bunal\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilirdi.\u00a0 B\u00f6yle bir plan oldu\u011funu \u00f6nce reddeden Gabrovski gizli haber s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131nca, problemi ba\u015fbakan Filov ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere meclisi terk etti. Saat 19\u2019da meclise d\u00f6nen Bakan, (Bulgar vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmayan ve Almanlar\u0131n yarg\u0131 alan\u0131nda bulunan) Trakya ve Makedonya Yahudilerinin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin feshedilemeyece\u011fini, fakat Bulgaristan Yahudilerinin g\u00f6nderilmesine ili\u015fkin emirlerin icraya konmas\u0131n\u0131n durdurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3883185393\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan Yahudilerinin tutuklanmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 gecenin yar\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, Pe\u015fev ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n il polis amirlerinin hepsine telefon a\u00e7arak operasyonu ask\u0131ya almalar\u0131n\u0131 emretmesinde direndiler.\u00a0 \u0130\u00e7 i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131, milletvekillerinin yan\u0131nda sekreterine telefon a\u00e7t\u0131 ve eyaletlerdeki ilgili polis amirlerine g\u00f6nderilecek telgraf\u0131 dikte etti. Ek olarak, Pe\u015fev K\u00f6stendil\u2019le kendisi telefon a\u00e7t\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Mitenov\u2019a son geli\u015fmeleri bildirdi. \u0130\u015fte bu eylemle Bulgar Yahudilerin tutuklanmas\u0131 son anda \u00f6nlenebildi. Baz\u0131 il amirliklerine g\u00f6nderilen tele gramlar\u0131n ertesi sabah ele ge\u00e7mesi ise, gece yar\u0131s\u0131 tutuklanan ve toplama kamplar\u0131na toplanan Yahudilerin, \u00f6l\u00fcm yolculu\u011fu deh\u015feti ya\u015famas\u0131na engel olmad\u0131 ve ertesi g\u00fcn sal\u0131verilmelerine kadar ac\u0131 bir trajedi ya\u015fand\u0131. Filibe (Plovdiv) \u015fehrinde tutuklamalar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla Papaz Kiril \u00c7ara bir protesto telgraf\u0131 \u00e7ekti.\u00a0 Ve vah\u015fi uygulama durdurulmazsa vagonlar\u0131 Yahudi dolu trenin raylar\u0131na kendisi yataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fbakan Filov ile \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gabrovski\u2019nin 6 binile 8 bin aras\u0131nda Yahudi\u2019yi eski Bulgaristan\u2019dan toplama kaplar\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fclmesini 9 Mart 1943 g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 17 ile 19 aras\u0131nda durdurmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren ne oldu?\u00a0 \u00c7ar\u2019dan emir mi ald\u0131lar? O d\u00f6nemin, devletin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm kararlarda son s\u00f6ze sahip olan, \u00c7ar Boris\u2019in ki\u015fisel idare etti\u011fi devirdi. O g\u00fcn Filov ile Gabrovski\u2019nin \u00c7arla dan\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek akla yatm\u0131yor. \u00d6te yandan Filov\u2019un Yahudilerin ba\u015f\u0131na gelen olaylara ac\u0131yarak bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilindi\u011fi i\u00e7in, onun Gabrovski\u2019ye Bulgaristan Yahudilerini kurban et emri vermesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek zordur.<\/p>\n<p>Almanya B\u00fcy\u00fck el\u00e7ili\u011finde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ve istasyon \u015fefi Bekerle taraf\u0131ndan da imzalanm\u0131\u015f olan raporda, ani karar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gerek\u00e7elerine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutulmu\u015ftu. Meclis Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Pe\u015fev\u2019in m\u00fcdahalesinden sonra yaz\u0131lan raporda \u015f\u00f6yle deniyor: \u201cEski Bulgar topraklar\u0131ndan Yahudilerin planlanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesine ba\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131 durduran \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gabrovski\u2019ye emrin en y\u00fcksek yerden geldi\u011fine ku\u015fku yoktur. \u015eu iyi bilinmelidir ki, \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 9 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc eski Bulgaristan\u2019daki Yahudilerin evlerine d\u00f6nmesini Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Komiserinin bilgisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda emretmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da \u201c<strong>en y\u00fcksek yer<\/strong>\u201d dendi\u011finde ancak ve yaln\u0131z \u00c7ar Boris anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderme emrinin durdurulmas\u0131 Yahudileri rahatlatmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Bulgar dostlar\u0131n\u0131n nefretini de azaltmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 8 g\u00fcn sonra, 17 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc, ba\u015fta Pe\u015fev olmak \u00fczere, daha fazlas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fundan olan 42 milletvekili Halk Meclisinde toplan\u0131p Ba\u015fbakan Filov\u2019a uzun bir mektup yazd\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Yahudi siyasetini sert bir dille ele\u015ftirdi. Mektubun alt\u0131nda \u00a0sa\u011f kanat lideri Aleksand\u0131r Tsankov\u2019un \u00a0imzas\u0131 da vard\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-193053614\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ba\u015fbakan Filov kudurmu\u015ftu. H\u00fck\u00fcmet partisi milletvekillerinin halka a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ifade etti\u011fi protestoyu bir itaats\u0131zl\u0131k ve isyan olarak nitelendirirken, bunu \u201c<strong>Yahudilerin Bulgaristan\u2019daki y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkinliklerinin<\/strong>\u201d ifadesi olarak de\u011ferlendirdi. Kabineyi toplayan Filov, meclis ba\u015fkan\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Pe\u015fev\u2019in g\u00f6revinden al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Daha sonra yap\u0131lan Bakanlar Kurulu toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ise ba\u015fbakan, Pe\u015fev ve iktidar partisinin \u00f6teki milletvekilleri imzalar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mezlerse, g\u00f6zden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini ve kendilerine g\u00fcvensizlik ilan edilmesini istedi. Birka\u00e7 milletvekili imzalar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ti. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra toplanan meclis genel kurulunda \u201cAy\u0131pt\u0131r!\u201d, \u201cSiz Y\u00fczkaras\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z!\u201d gibi hayk\u0131r\u0131\u015flarla kavgal\u0131 anlar ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan Yahudileri olaylardan \u00fcrkm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ne ki, onlar Makedonya ve Ege Trakya\u2019s\u0131ndan toplanan ve resmi haberlere g\u00f6re \u201c<strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kamplar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen<\/strong>\u201d\u00a0 Yahudilerin ba\u015f\u0131na gelenleri ah bir bilseydi tamamen panikleyecekti. O g\u00fcnlerde \u201c<strong>son kararlar\u0131<\/strong>\u201d, Nazilerin hepsini yok etme planlar\u0131n\u0131 pek bilen yoktu.<\/p>\n<p>1943 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Mart ay\u0131nda Makedonya topraklar\u0131ndan <strong>7\u00a0144 Yahudi<\/strong> ve Ege Trakya\u2019s\u0131ndan <strong>4\u00a0058 Yahudi<\/strong> ve Pirot b\u00f6lgesinden <strong>185 Yahudi. <\/strong>Onlar, Bulgaristan Yahudi Sorunlar\u0131 Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen 4 merkeze g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan ve tarafs\u0131z devletlerin vatanda\u015fl\u0131 olan Yahudilere dokunamad\u0131lar. \/\u0130spanya ve \u0130talya h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi konusunda \u00f6zendirilseler de Bulgaristan\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi istila edilen topraklarda ikamet eden Yahudi vatanda\u015flar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\/ 4 toplama merkezi Dubnitsa, Yukar\u0131 Cuma (Gorna Cumaya), \u00dcsk\u00fcp ve Pirot \u015fehirlerinde bulunuyordu.\u00a0 S\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilecek olanlar vagonlara dolduruldu ve Polonya\u2019daki \u201c<strong>Treplika<\/strong>\u201d \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildiler. Bu yolculuk tren yoluyla Yugoslavya \u00fczerinden veya Tuna nehri yolunca Lom \u0131rmak liman\u0131ndan y\u00fck gemileriyle yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Not: Bulgaristan Yahudi Dernekleri Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kalo\u2019nun \u201c<strong>geri d\u00f6nmediler<\/strong>\u201d dedi\u011fi 11\u00a0387\u201d ki\u015fi bunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Devam edecek:<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3685435355\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in al\u0131nan yasal \u00f6nlemler.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-934897013\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nedim AKIN Tarih: 12 Kas\u0131m 2017 \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in al\u0131nan yasal \u00f6nlemler. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yahudilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcne haz\u0131rlanma s\u00fcreci. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-6pR","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24667"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24667\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}