{"id":24562,"date":"2017-11-04T17:48:23","date_gmt":"2017-11-04T14:48:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=24562"},"modified":"2017-11-04T17:48:23","modified_gmt":"2017-11-04T14:48:23","slug":"cok-acikli-gercekler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/cok-acikli-gercekler\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ok Ac\u0131kl\u0131 Ger\u00e7ekler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Nedim B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130<\/p>\n<p>Tarih 04 Kas\u0131m 2017<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Konu:\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00e7ok ciddi n\u00fcfus sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yor.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Biz memleketimiz olan Bulgaristan\u2019da 1989 \u201c<strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6<\/strong>\u00e7\u201d olay\u0131ndan yani T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfustan 500 bin yurtta\u015f\u0131n Bulgaristan\u2019dan zorla kovulmas\u0131ndan sonra meydana gelen duruma \u201c<strong>bunal\u0131m<\/strong>\u201d, \u201c<strong>n\u00fcfus bunal\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>\u201d, belki de \u201c<strong>\u00f6n\u00fc asla al\u0131namayacak bir y\u0131k\u0131m s\u00fcreci<\/strong>\u201d demi\u015ftik.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-748886973\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>28 y\u0131l sonra her \u015fey tamamen de\u011fi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.2<\/strong> (bir milyon iki y\u00fcz bin) ev ve dairenin lambalar\u0131 art\u0131k hi\u00e7 \u0131\u015f\u0131maz oldu, pencereleri a\u00e7\u0131lmaz, kap\u0131lar\u0131 g\u0131c\u0131rdamaz, avlularda k\u00f6pekler havlamaz oldu. Devletin N\u00fcfus Daireleri ve Bilimsel Enstit\u00fcler taraf\u0131ndan ne kadar gizli tutulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ls\u0131n son 28 y\u0131lda 3 (\u00fc\u00e7) milyon Bulgaristan vatanda\u015f\u0131 \u00fclkeyi terk etmi\u015ftir ve 2017 itibar\u0131yla Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan n\u00fcfus 5 (be\u015f) milyon ki\u015finin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen 200\u00a0000 (iki y\u00fcz bin) \u00e7ocu\u011fun Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusuna kayd\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ana-babalar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 istemiyorlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>BU KONUDAK\u0130 DER\u0130N ANAL\u0130Z \u015e\u00d6YLED\u0130R:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Yeni durum art\u0131k bir bunal\u0131m de\u011fil, \u00e7ok deh\u015fet verici bir milli felakettir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z verileri Bulgaristan Bilimler Akademisi (BAN) Etnografya Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde uzun y\u0131llar bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015f olan Do\u00e7. Dr. \u0130gnat Minkov\u2019un yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndan ald\u0131k. <strong>Etnografya<\/strong>, insan topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel incelenmesini yapan, budunlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131p inceleyen bilim dal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2032656626\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131mda <strong>budun kavram\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> (kavim), siyasi durumlar\u0131 ne olursa olsun, t\u00f6re, dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr nitelikleri bir olup boy ve soy bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunan insan topluluklar\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131yoruz. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda <strong>Bulgar, T\u00fcrk ve \u00c7ingeneler<\/strong>den s\u00f6z edece\u011fiz. \u00c7ingenelerin durumunu a\u00e7\u0131klarken de <strong>H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00c7ingeneler ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00c7ingeneler<\/strong> gibi iki kavram kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan\u2019daki etnik topluluklar\u0131n n\u00fcfus olarak g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi dinamiklik (hareketlilik).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u00fcfus olarak Bulgar etnik toplulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin ac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekler:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Do\u00e7. Dr. \u0130gnat Minkov bu sene<strong> \u201cEtnikler ve Etnik Topluluklar\u201d <\/strong>konulu bir<strong> derin analiz kitab\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131 ve <\/strong>bug\u00fcne kadar hem bilinen hem de s\u0131r olan bir\u00e7ok ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu eserde Bulgaristan\u2019da demografi &#8211; \u0130NSAN N\u00dcFUSUNUN B\u00dcY\u00dcKL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc, YAPISI, GEL\u0130\u015eMES\u0130, DA\u011eILIMI VE BA\u015eKA Y\u00d6NLER\u0130N\u0130 ELE ALAN B\u0130L\u0130M DALIDIR &#8211; \/<em>n\u00fcfusbilim<\/em>\/ sorunlar\u0131 bir ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilebilir <strong>bunal\u0131m <\/strong>olarak de\u011fil bir \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131namayan <strong>milli facia<\/strong> olarak i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk defa olmak \u00fczere <strong>demografi sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n etnik \u00f6z\u00fc ve y\u00f6nleri<\/strong> \u00fczerine derin analiz yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da etnik sorunlarla ilgili yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131lar\u0131n hi\u00e7 birinde konu etnik topluluklar\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ele al\u0131nmazken, ger\u00e7eklerin \u00fczerine \u201c<strong>\u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Bulgarlar<\/strong>\u201d gibi bir yalan perdesi \u00e7ekilerek, somut ger\u00e7ekler Bulgaristan ve d\u00fcnya kamuoyundan gizlendi. T\u00fcrkler, Pomaklar ve \u00c7ingenelerle ilgili ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131lsa da bunlar yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131, halktan gizli tutuldu.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-376830162\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00d6nce \u015fu ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya i\u015faret edelim. Demografik (n\u00fcfusa ili\u015fkin) azalma ve \u00e7o\u011falma gibi s\u00fcre\u00e7ler bir <strong>b\u00fct\u00fcn bir toplumda<\/strong> de\u011fil, bu toplumu olu\u015fturan <strong>etnik topluluklar\u0131n i\u00e7inde<\/strong> geli\u015fen s\u00fcre\u00e7lerdir. Yani etnik toplulu\u011fun durumuna ili\u015fkin verilerdir. Bu anlamda, Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n demografik durumunu a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nce Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan etnik topluluklar\u0131n demografik durumunu ortaya koymak zorunday\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Demek oluyor ki, Bulgaristan\u2019da Bulgarlarla birlikte <strong>T\u00fcrk ve \u00c7ingenelerin de ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeden biz bu konuya \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutamay\u0131z<\/strong>. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan demografisini olu\u015fturan etnik topluluklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n durumu ve sorunlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu analizde etniklerin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmek (<em>yani Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk, Pomak, \u00c7ingene, Tatar, Gagavuz vb ya\u015fam\u0131yor demek<\/em>) bu soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rneklersek, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgar n\u00fcfusta art\u0131\u015f eksi binde sekizdir (- 0.008). Bu \u015f\u00f6yle anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. 2001\u2019de Bulgar n\u00fcfus bin ki\u015fide 8 ki\u015fi azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda 992 ki\u015fi kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfus binde 2,7 (+ 2,7) artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani 2002 y\u0131l\u0131na her bin ki\u015fi art\u0131k 1003 ki\u015fi olarak girmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ingenelerde ise bu oran binde + 19\u2019dur. Genel n\u00fcfusla ilgili yay\u0131nlanan rakamlarda 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n binde \u2013 5 (eksi be\u015f) oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ne var ki bu rakam ger\u00e7ek durumu i\u015fe yarar bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131tm\u0131yor. Ne \u00c7ingeneleri, ne T\u00fcrklerin ne de Bulgarlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek durumunu yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in devlet siyasetinin \u00e7izilmesine temel olamaz.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri Bulgaristan\u2019da etnik n\u00fcfusun ger\u00e7ek durumuyla ilgili derin alan incelemeleri yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. 16 y\u0131ldan sonra ger\u00e7ek durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labildi: \u015eimdiye kadar Bulgaristan\u2019da bir y\u0131lda yenid\u00fcnyaya gelen \u00e7ocuklardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7ingene ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk oldu\u011fu gizleniyordu. \u0130lk kez 2016\u2019da do\u011fan <strong>100 \u00e7ocuktan ancak 45\u2019inin Bulgar, di\u011ferlerinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman etniklerden oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131<\/strong>.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3285524541\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da kimin kim oldu\u011fu <strong>anket sorular\u0131yla<\/strong> belirleniyor. Bu konuda \u00e7ok dinamik bir de\u011fi\u015fiklikler s\u00fcreci ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Bunu \u00f6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00c7ingene n\u00fcfusta izliyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Resmi makamlar bu vatanda\u015flara \u201c<strong>\u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlar<\/strong>\u201d dese de, \u00a0bu vatanda\u015flar anonim anket k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131na\u00a0 \u201c<strong>biz T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcz<\/strong>\u201d diye yaz\u0131yorlar. B\u00f6yle \u00f6rnekleri Filibe (Plovdiv) \u201cStolipenovo\u201d (Yeni Mahalle) semtinde ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Burada ya\u015fayan 80 bin ki\u015fi biz T\u00fcrk kimlikliyiz derken, bu rakam Tatar Pazarc\u0131k (Pazarc\u0131k) kentinde 20 bin, Nova Zagora\u2019da 12 bin, Vidin kentinde 10 bin vs olarak kimlik belirliyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u015e\u00f6yle ki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00c7ingeneler Bulgar istatistiklerinde T\u00fcrk olarak kaydedilmi\u015f bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan <strong>H\u0131ristiyan dinine ait<\/strong> olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen bir ba\u015fka \u00c7ingene grubu ise anketlerde\u00a0 \u201c<strong>Bulgar\u2019\u0131m<\/strong>\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor. Bu rakamlar, Bulgarlarla ilgili ger\u00e7ek durumu gizlemi\u015f oluyor. \u015e\u00f6yle ki bu anketler yaln\u0131z Bulgar n\u00fcfusun ikamet etti\u011fi bir yerel ortamda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcrek yakan, feci bir tablo ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oluyor. Bu anlamda bir facia (trajedi) ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyoruz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vidin ilinden \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rnekler:<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-4170970387\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kuzey Bat\u0131 Bulgaristan \u00f6rneklerinde yaln\u0131z Bulgar n\u00fcfus aras\u0131ndaki ara\u015ft\u0131rma do\u011fum oran\u0131n\u0131n (-008) de\u011fil (- 020) oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Vidin iline ba\u011fl\u0131 Kula belediyesinde Bulgar n\u00fcfus her y\u0131l bin ki\u015fide 37 ki\u015fi, Boy\u00e7inovtsi belediyesinde bu oran bin ki\u015fide 38.9 ki\u015fidir; Grama\u2019da Belediyesinde Bulgar n\u00fcfus her y\u0131l 40 ki\u015fi azal\u0131yor; Belograt\u00e7ik Belediyesinde azalma oran\u0131 binde 43 ki\u015fidir. Ger\u00e7ek \u015fudur ki 10\u201315 y\u0131la kadar Kuzey Bat\u0131 Bulgaristan k\u00f6y ve kentlerinde Bulgar n\u00fcfus tamamen yok olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u015e\u00f6yle ki 1989\u2019da bunal\u0131m ya da \u201c<strong>demografi krizi<\/strong>\u201d, 2001\u2019de felaket yani \u201c<strong>demografi trajedisi<\/strong>\u201d kavramlar\u0131yla anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00fcre\u00e7lere art\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcp yok olma \u201c<strong>demografi kazas\u0131<\/strong>\u201d nitelemesinde bulunabiliriz. Fakat 2017\u2019den ba\u015flayarak Bulgaristan\u2019da yeni bir a\u015faman\u0131n yani d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015faman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliyoruz bu bir \u00fclke halk toplulu\u011funun olu\u015fturucu \u00f6\u011felerine (etnik unsurlar\u0131na) ayr\u0131\u015fma yani \u00e7\u00f6kme, par\u00e7alanma ve da\u011f\u0131lma a\u015famas\u0131na girmi\u015f olu\u015ftan s\u00f6z ediyoruz. Bu d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famaya \u201c<strong>yok olma<\/strong>\u201d a\u015famas\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 verebiliriz. D\u00f6rt a\u015famal\u0131 bir devaml\u0131 gerileme ve kesin yok olma s\u00fcreci geli\u015fmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgar n\u00fcfus \u00e7ok ya\u015fland\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu derin analize bir de Bulgar n\u00fcfusun ya\u015f oran\u0131 penceresinden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise tablo \u015f\u00f6yledir. Bulgar n\u00fcfusun ancak <strong>% 35\u2019i<\/strong>, 30 ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7ingenelerinse 30 ya\u015f alt\u0131ndaki grup <strong>% 63<\/strong>\u2019t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Okullardaki ger\u00e7ek durum<\/strong>:<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2436418406\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00d6nce \u015funu belirtmeliyim. Bulgaristan\u2019da okuma yazma bilmeyen oran\u0131 resmen <strong>% 40<\/strong> olsa da, Bulgarca okuma yazmay\u0131 s\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f ama Bulgar dilini i\u015fe yarar bir \u015fekilde kullanabilir durumda olmayan Bulgaristan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n oran\u0131 <strong>% 70<\/strong>\u2019tir.\u00a0 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri \u00c7ingeneler aras\u0131nda e\u011fitilip \u00c7ingene etnik toplulu\u011funa hizmet sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in 675 doktor ve 1000 adet m\u00fchendis y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 halen Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar devleti okullardaki \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle, Bulgaristan okullar\u0131ndaki \u00f6\u011frencilerin etnik kimleri \u00fcst\u00fcne bir kay\u0131t yoktur. 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda GERB partisi lideri Boyko Borisov Birinci h\u00fck\u00fcmetini kurdu\u011funda, E\u011fitim bakan\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri 2009 \u2013 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan okullar\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerin etnik bile\u015fimi hakk\u0131nda bilgi istemi\u015f ve okula giden ka\u00e7 Bulgar, ka\u00e7 T\u00fcrk ve ka\u00e7 \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuk oldu\u011funun rapor edilmesinde \u0131srar etmi\u015fti. \u00a0O zaman <strong>E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 olan \u0130gnatov <\/strong>bu Bakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hemen i\u015ften atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Gerek\u00e7esinde \u201c<strong>devlet s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 engelleme<\/strong>k\u201d vard\u0131. O zaman Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Partisi Bakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 savunsa da, Ba\u015fbakan Borisov karar\u0131nda kesindi ve Bakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 soka\u011fa att\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>2017\u2019dde birka\u00e7 verde Bulgaristan okullar\u0131na gitmeye zorlanan \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n toplam \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n % 44,4 oldu\u011fu \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bir \u00c7ingene ayd\u0131n\u0131 olan \u00f6\u011fretmen Yosev Nunev bu konuda bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131 ve \u015fu sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: \u00d6rnekler Burgaz, Pleven ve T\u0131rgovi\u015fte illerindendir. Birinci s\u0131n\u0131fa toplanan \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 toplam \u00f6\u011frencilerin <strong>% 26<\/strong>\u2019s\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bulgaristan i\u00e7in ortalama ise <strong>% 40,4\u2019dir<\/strong>. Di\u011fer baz\u0131 illerde bu rakamlar \u015f\u00f6yledir. Stara Zagora ilinde birinci s\u0131n\u0131fa toplanan \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 toplam ayn\u0131 ilin t\u00fcm birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencilerinin i\u00e7inde\u00a0 % 37,5\u2019idir. Sofya ilinde birinci s\u0131n\u0131fa toplanan \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 toplam ayn\u0131 ilin t\u00fcm birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencilerinin i\u00e7inde\u00a0 % 30,0\u2019idir. Vratsa ilinde birinci s\u0131n\u0131fa toplanan \u00c7ingene ilinde birinci s\u0131n\u0131fa toplanan \u00c7ingene \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 toplam ayn\u0131 ilin t\u00fcm birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencilerinin i\u00e7inde\u00a0 % 30 dur. Yambol ilinde bu oran % 31; Pazarc\u0131k ilinde % 32; Sliven ilinde % 41; Haskovo ilinde % 44,1 ve Montana ilinde % 44\u2019t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan\u2019da herkes Nova Zagora il\u00e7esini Bulgar n\u00fcfuslu bir yer olarak bilir. Bu sene yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada 2017\u20132018 ders y\u0131l\u0131nda 1\u20137 s\u0131n\u0131flara kayd\u0131 yap\u0131lan \u00f6\u011frencilerden % 58\u2019nin \u00c7ingene oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat bu oran yaln\u0131z birinci s\u0131n\u0131fa giren \u00e7ocuklar aras\u0131nda art\u0131k % 68\u2019oran\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4210548352\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu demografi olay\u0131na bir de Bulgar n\u00fcfusun d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreciyle azalmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndasn da bak\u0131l\u0131nca \u015fu ger\u00e7ek ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.\u00a0 GERB partisinin iktidarda bulundu\u011fu son 9 y\u0131lda Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 her y\u0131l 35 bin ile 65 bin aras\u0131nda vatanda\u015f terk etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 1989\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131 ve \u201cdemokrasinin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda\u201d\u00a0 her y\u0131l ortalama 55-60 bin ki\u015fi Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 terk etti. 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir azalma kaydedildi ve \u00fclkeyi yaln\u0131z 35 bin vatanda\u015f terk etti.\u00a0 2008 ekonomik bunal\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra bu rakamlar yine birden bire b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc ve geri d\u00f6nmemek \u00fczere Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 terk eden n\u00fcfus 2016\u2019da 48 bin ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n<p>2017 ders y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla okullarda yap\u0131lan anketler \u00f6\u011frencilerden % 50\u2019sinin lise \u00f6\u011freniminden sonra \u00fclkeyi terk etmeye haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Do\u011fum k\u0131yaslamalar\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnya devletleri aras\u0131nda do\u011fum oran\u0131 k\u0131yaslamas\u0131nda Bulgaristan son s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. \u00d6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 k\u0131yaslamas\u0131nda ise d\u00fcnya istatistik listesinde 2. s\u0131radad\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2824688845\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgar toplumu Bulgar halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bulgar devleti ise tek uluslu ve tek dilli Bulgar etni\u011finin yap\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eu ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ok can yak\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Bulgar etnik toplulu\u011fu kendini yeniden \u00fcretemez duruma gelmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kendi dilini, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 ayakta tutabilecek yeteneklerini ve vasf\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015ftir. Yani ba\u015fka etnik topluluklarak\u00fclt\u00fcr ve uygarl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yamaz, sunamaz ve a\u015f\u0131layamaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc da\u011f\u0131lma, \u00e7\u00f6kme ve yok olma s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015e\u00f6yle bir ger\u00e7ek de vard\u0131r: Birinci ve 2. d\u00fcnya sava\u015flar\u0131ndan sonra Ege b\u00f6lgesinden ve Makedonya\u2019dan Bulgaristan topraklar\u0131na gelen n\u00fcfus bu topraklarda ya\u015famaya al\u0131\u015famam\u0131\u015f, t\u00f6relerinden vaz ge\u00e7memi\u015f ve hi\u00e7bir toplulu\u011fa adapte olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Plevne\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Me\u00e7ka (Ay\u0131l\u0131) k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan At H\u0131rs\u0131z\u0131 boylar g\u00fcpeg\u00fcnd\u00fcz insan \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye devam ediyorlar. 2016\u2019da ayn\u0131 k\u00f6yde 7 ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Son 9 y\u0131lda Kuzey Bulgaristan\u2019da k\u00f6ylerin tamamen bo\u015falmas\u0131 nedenlerinden birisi de \u201c<strong>korkudur<\/strong>\u201d. Devlet \u00fclkede h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k, r\u00fc\u015fvet, talan ve deh\u015fet olaylar \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131nmaz ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmaz boyutlar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar halk\u0131 Bulgaristan toplumunu \u00f6rg\u00fctleyemez, y\u00f6nlendiremez ve y\u00f6netemez duruma gelmi\u015ftir ki, bu da demografik facian\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7izgisidir. Toplumda ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7eken etnik unsur rol\u00fcn\u00fc yitirmi\u015ftir. Bulgar devleti bunu g\u00f6rmek ve t\u00fcm etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klara k\u00fclt\u00fcrel otonomi tan\u0131yarak, devletin ve toplumun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sosyal b\u00fcnyesini yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmak zorundad\u0131r. Avrupa Birli\u011fi bu sorunlar \u201c<strong>Bulgarlar\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u015fleridir<\/strong>\u201d deyip konuya e\u011filmiyor. Bu nedenle Bulgaristan\u2019da etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kendi \u00e7arelerine bak\u0131p sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ararken birbirinden kopmalar\u0131, kendi i\u00e7lerine kapanmalar\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131nmaz ve durdurulamaz bir geli\u015fme y\u00f6n\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. Etnikler Bulgar devletinden ve toplumundan yard\u0131m ve hizmet beklemez olmu\u015ftur. Etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 Bulgar okullar\u0131na gitseler de Bulgar dilini \u00f6\u011frenmek istemiyorlar. Bu y\u0131l bir\u00e7ok belediyede 18 -20 ya\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131zlar\u0131n belediyedeki i\u015flerini halledebilmek i\u00e7in Bulgarcadan \u00c7ingene diline terc\u00fcman kullanmalar\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yanl\u0131\u015f az\u0131nl\u0131k siyaseti, bu cahillik, bu ilgisizlik, bu i\u015fsizlik vs Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck problemlere gebe ediyor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3851223883\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-45-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u00fctfen \u00e7evrenizle payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z,<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan memleketimiz, vatan\u0131m\u0131z, ecdad\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u015fanl\u0131 yurdudur.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Nedim-Birinci0-300x300.jpg?resize=574%2C574\" width=\"574\" height=\"574\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-4191380178\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Nedim B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 Tarih 04 Kas\u0131m 2017 &nbsp; Konu:\u00a0\u00a0 Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00e7ok ciddi n\u00fcfus sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Biz memleketimiz olan Bulgaristan\u2019da 1989 \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7\u201d olay\u0131ndan yani T\u00fcrk<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":22479,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24562","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Nedim-Birinci0.jpg?fit=1280%2C1280&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-6oa","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24562","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24562"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24562\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24562"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24562"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24562"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}