{"id":21914,"date":"2016-12-30T20:20:10","date_gmt":"2016-12-30T18:20:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=21914"},"modified":"2016-12-31T19:32:28","modified_gmt":"2016-12-31T17:32:28","slug":"bulgaristanda-turk-kimligi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristanda-turk-kimligi-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0\u00a0 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin Etnik Kimli\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>BGSAM<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin ki\u015fisel ve kolektif kimliklerinden en \u00f6nemlisi, onlar\u0131n etnik kimli\u011fidir. Etnik kimli\u011fimiz, geleneklerimize ve bir dini etnik topluluk oldu\u011fumuz bilincine aban\u0131r. Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk etnik kimlik bilincimizin nitelik \u00e7izgilerinde, aras\u0131nda anadilimiz T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklerimiz gibi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olgular ve di\u011fer ulus ve etniklerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak var olabilmemizi sa\u011flayan dinimiz \u0130slam ba\u015fta gelir. Bunlar, kimlik bilincine sahip oldu\u011fumuzu g\u00f6steren olu\u015fturucu \u00f6\u011felerdir. Etnik kimli\u011fimiz bizim do\u011fu\u015fumuzdan \u00f6nce var olan ve geli\u015ftirerek ya\u015fatmam\u0131z zorunlu olan, manevi \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc olu\u015fturand\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Okumu\u015funuzdur: Nazi Almanya\u2019s\u0131nda do\u011fum yapan yabanc\u0131 etniklerden anneleri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 alan, kapal\u0131 bir sistem i\u00e7inde onlara bilin\u00e7 a\u015f\u0131layarak Alman \u0131rk\u0131 davas\u0131na mal etme denemelerinden beklenen sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Totalitarizm y\u0131llar\u0131nda do\u011fum yapan ve de\u011fi\u015fik nedenlerle devletin kuca\u011f\u0131na terk edilen Roman \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n, ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle kapal\u0131 yerle\u015fkelerde e\u011fitildikten sonra, Bulgar kimlik bilinciyle devlet i\u015flerine atand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fitmi\u015finizdir. Halk bilgeli\u011fimiz buna \u201c<strong>\u00c7ingenelerin eline kald\u0131k<\/strong>\u201d dedi. Sim kart\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015flerden kimileri art\u0131k bakanl\u0131klarda sandalye kapt\u0131. Bakan koltu\u011funa oturdu. 2016\u2019da 36\u2019s\u0131 Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin Br\u00fcksel Merkez\u2019inde \u00fclkemizi temsil etti. \u00d6rnekler,\u00a0 sonradan kazan\u0131lan kimlikle ilgilidir. 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu tip kimliklerde etnik olan\u0131 belirleyen &#8211;\u00a0 soy, isim, ana-dil, din ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr gibi \u00f6\u011felerin sim kart\u0131 tamamen farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan,\u00a0 do\u011fu\u015ftan belirli bir etnik toplulu\u011fa ait olma duygusu bu tiplemede s\u00f6n\u00fck kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devlet eliyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n temelinde etnik olan\u0131n genel bir tan\u0131mlamaya elveri\u015fli olmayan bir olgu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yatar. Uygulamaya yatk\u0131n bir anlay\u0131\u015f olarak fikir f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131 yapt\u0131ran bu teori, \u00fclkenin temel etnik halk toplulu\u011fu olan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinde bir as\u0131rdan uzun s\u00fcre tepki yarat\u0131yor. Anadillerine, dinlerine, ortak soyda\u015fl\u0131k efsanelerine, tarih belleklerine, ortak k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine sahip \u00e7\u0131karken onlar \u201c<strong>Biz T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcz<\/strong>\u201d diyorlar. Bunu g\u00f6rmezden ve i\u015fitmezden gelenler onlar\u0131n sim kart\u0131n\u0131 zorla de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7e sayarak etnik soyk\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>Son as\u0131rda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin diline, halk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne, tarihine, edebiyat ve sanat\u0131na yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar bir etni\u011fi yok etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve planl\u0131 programl\u0131 devlet siyaseti\u00a0 olarak uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 dil k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, din k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, tarih k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 niteli\u011findedir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-309225754\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Burada \u00f6zellikle de\u011finilmesi gereken vatan, yurt, insan\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu yere, ata kabrinin ve soy ananelerinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 diyara olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nem arz eder. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn soy temeli \u00fczerine olu\u015ftu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi \u00e7ok yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Soy k\u00f6klerinin ki\u015finin ve soyunun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklarda oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131ma Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131nda \u201c<strong>\u0130nsan\u0131n vatan\u0131 karn\u0131n\u0131n doydu\u011fu, cebinin doldu\u011fu yerdir<\/strong>\u201d tezi pek yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir. Bu noktada \u015fu \u00f6zellik tamamlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Anaerkil bir toplumsal yap\u0131da ya\u015fayan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinde s\u0131k\u0131 soy, ev, k\u00f6y, yurt ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kad\u0131n\u0131n sosyal rol\u00fcyle ko\u015fulludur.\u00a0 \u201c<strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7<\/strong>\u201d ten sonra K\u0131rcaali ilinde 30 k\u00f6y\u00fcn insans\u0131z kalmas\u0131, \u201c<strong>soyca bir, kaderde bir<\/strong>\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frular.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin etnik kimli\u011finin \u0130slam diniyle ilintili oldu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r. Bu kimlik ayn\u0131 zamanda Osmanl\u0131 devletinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan milliyet toplulu\u011funun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Ve 1878\u2019e kadar bu az\u0131nl\u0131k T\u00fcrk milletinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Sava\u015ftan sonra uzunca bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde bir etnik topluluk durumuna gelerek az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fc kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk toplumundan ayr\u0131, Bulgar toplumu i\u00e7inde, Bulgar ulusu ve di\u011fer etnik halk topluluklar\u0131yla s\u00fcre giden yo\u011fun etkile\u015fimle geli\u015fen s\u00fcrece Do\u011fu Rumeli ile Prenslik Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n birle\u015fmesi (1885), 1912 -1913 Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131, 1908\u2019de Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ilan etmesi ve \u0130kinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra\u00a0 (1913) imzalanan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler stat\u00fcy\u00fc peki\u015ftirmeye damga vurdu.<\/p>\n<p>Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra imzalanan bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmalar\u0131 temelinde T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011funun durumunda belirli geli\u015fmeler meydana geldi. XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 20\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk etnik toplulu\u011funun az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme s\u00fcreci tamamland\u0131. 93 Harbinde o tarihe kadar s\u00fcren istikrars\u0131z ortamdan 1 milyona yak\u0131n T\u00fcrk ka\u00e7\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kadar g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir. Buna ra\u011fmen toplam n\u00fcfusu 2.5 milyon olan Bulgar Prensli\u011finde ahalinin % 26\u2019s\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr. Do\u011fu Rumeli \u00d6zerk ilinde ise T\u00fcrkler, ahalinin % 34,5\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyor. Rodoplar\u2019da, Kuzey Do\u011fu Bulgaristan\u2019da, \u00f6zellikle Prensli\u011fin baz\u0131 illerinde ahalinin hemen hemen t\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrk. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Osmanpazar\u0131 (Omurtag) ve Kurtbunar (Tervel) il\u00e7elerinde T\u00fcrkler ahalinin % 94\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc, K\u0131rcaali il\u00e7esinde % 98,8\u2019ini, Tutrakan il\u00e7esinde % 74\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc, Razgrat il\u00e7esinde % 65\u2019ini, \u015eumnu il\u00e7esinde % 69 ve Aytos il\u00e7esinde % 63\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6\u00e7ler bu oran\u0131 giderek azalt\u0131rken, Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 sonucu hemen hemen t\u00fcm ahalisi T\u00fcrk olan\u00a0 K\u0131rcaali b\u00f6lgesi Bulgaristan devletine kat\u0131l\u0131yor.\u00a0 \u00d6yle ki ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da 600\u2019den fazla T\u00fcrk ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fte bu temel \u00fczerinde Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri az\u0131nl\u0131k toplulu\u011fu olu\u015fuyor. Bu az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n belirleyici \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>Ad\u0131:\u00a0 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3210962029\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Dili: T\u00fcrk\u00e7e.<\/p>\n<p>Dini: \u0130slam.<\/p>\n<p>Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar: Bulgaristan.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00fcfusu: 600 bin.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc: \u00d6zg\u00fcn Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2255641622\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131 93 Harbini izleyen ilk y\u0131llarda Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (1878) ve T\u0131rnovo Anayasas\u0131 (1879) temeli \u00fczerine d\u00fczenleniyor. Bu iki belgenin esas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan 3 Mart 1878 San Stefano Antla\u015fmas\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6zel haklar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruyordu. Bu belgelerde T\u00fcrk ahalisinin haklar\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak deniyordu. Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 5. maddesinde, Bulgaristan\u2019da din ve mezhep ayr\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lamaz; az\u0131nl\u0131klar, t\u0131pk\u0131 Bulgarlar gibi t\u00fcm medeni ve yasal haklardan yararlan\u0131rlar; devlet g\u00f6revlisi olabilirler; istedi\u011fi mesle\u011fi veya sanat se\u00e7ebilirler. Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti dini az\u0131nl\u0131klara din ve ayin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr, deniyor. Asl\u0131nda Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa ait ki\u015filerin yurtta\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n temelleri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu haklar T\u0131rnovo Anayasas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve 11 T\u00fcrk temsilci taraf\u0131ndan imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk genel kapsaml\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme 1895\u2019te Prensin Ge\u00e7ici Talimatnamesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur: Bulgaristan\u2019da Prens iradesiyle bir Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fc atanm\u0131\u015f, Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcn\u00fcn ikamet yeri olarak Sofya belirlenmi\u015f, devlet Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcy\u00fc Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ruhani lideri olarak belirlemi\u015ftir. Atama ile g\u00f6rev yapan Bilal Efendi uzun y\u0131llar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman cemaati devlet kat\u0131nda temsil etmi\u015ftir. Se\u00e7imle i\u015fba\u015f\u0131na gelen ilk Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fc ise \u015eumnulu Hocazade Muhiddin Efendidir.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin bir az\u0131nl\u0131k toplulu\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi ve T\u00fcrk ulusundan kopmas\u0131 s\u00fcreci 1908\u2019de Bulgar devletinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan etmesiyle bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklik sonucu bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 halini ald\u0131 giderek tamamland\u0131. O tarihte Bulgaristan \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fundan ayr\u0131 ve tamamen egemen bir devlet stat\u00fcs\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. \u0130\u00e7 siyasette tek uluslu Bulgar devleti kurmaya y\u00f6neli\u015fle Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk kimli\u011finin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk milletinden olu\u015fu yontulmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgarlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan etmesiyle T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131k toplulu\u011funun durumu k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>1909\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da T\u00fcrk-Bulgar Protokol\u00fc imzaland\u0131. Protokole Bulgaristan\u2019daki \u0130slam cemaatin haklar\u0131 ve vak\u0131f mallar\u0131yla ilgili bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme eklendi. Bulgaristan dini cemaatin durumu ve haklar\u0131 ele al\u0131nd\u0131. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara din ve ibadet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 ilan edildi. Sultan\u0131n manevi liderli\u011fi kabul edildi. \u00d6zellikle Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcn\u00fcn yetkilerine, \u015eeyh\u2019\u00fcl \u0130slam ve Bulgar devletiyle ili\u015fkilerin niteli\u011fine yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2740019929\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan ile Osmanl\u0131 devleti aras\u0131nda \u0130kinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra (1913) \u0130stanbul\u2019da imzalanan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 gere\u011fince Sofya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yaln\u0131z iade etmeye de\u011fil, daha da geli\u015ftirme g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmede, Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklere 4 y\u0131l zarf\u0131nda Bulgaristan ya da T\u00fcrkiye vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7me hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerin b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 mallar \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131 sakl\u0131 tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Balkan sava\u015flar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Bulgaristan\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye 440 bin ki\u015fi g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Yine bu antla\u015fma Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine serbest dola\u015fma hakk\u0131, \u00f6nceki \u00fclkelerini istedikleri zaman ziyaret etme, 2 y\u0131lda mallar\u0131ndan kurtulma hakk\u0131 getiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve onu izleyen y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin durumunda olumlu geli\u015fmeler beliriyor, haklar\u0131 belirli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geni\u015fliyor. T\u00fcrkler resmen e\u015fit hakl\u0131 vatanda\u015f olarak alg\u0131lanmaya ve Bulgar ordusunda askerlik yapmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Bulgar, T\u00fcrk ve Pomak as\u0131ll\u0131 yurtta\u015flar Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019n\u0131n egemenli\u011fi u\u011fruna beraber sava\u015f\u0131yor ve ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmet kuruyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>23 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da \u00c7ar idaresi 1985 Nizamnamesini \u201cBulgaristan \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Dahilinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman M\u00fcessesat-\u0131 \u0130dare ve Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Nizamnamesi\u201d ile de\u011fi\u015ftirerek, Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131, T\u0131rnovo Anayasas\u0131 ve Bulgaristan ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda imzalanan anla\u015fmalarla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara tan\u0131nan t\u00fcm haklar\u0131 genelle\u015ftiriyor. \u0130lk kez, m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fcklerin, cemaat ve enc\u00fcmenliklerin ve \u015feriat mahkemelerinin i\u015flevleri ve idare bi\u00e7imleri somut olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Bu T\u00fcz\u00fckte, Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cdinsel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck haklar\u0131na sahip olduklar\u0131\u201d yeniden belgeleniyor. Cemaat tek merkeze ba\u011fl\u0131 bir \u00f6rg\u00fct niteli\u011fi ve stat\u00fcs\u00fc kazan\u0131yor. M\u00fcft\u00fcler ve enc\u00fcmanl\u0131k \u00fcyeleri se\u00e7imle de\u011fil, atama ile g\u00f6reve getirme kap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131nca, devlet cemaatin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine giderek daha fazla m\u00fcdahale etmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 1930\u2019larda M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckler devlet peyki haline getiriliyor. Olu\u015fan \u00e7arp\u0131k durum 1929\u2019da toplanan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri Milli Kongresinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2716682245\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011fe g\u00f6re de, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin ruhani lideri Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revlerinden biri \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 e\u011fitim sistemi geli\u015ftirip M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n dinsel bilgilerini artt\u0131rmak, manevi ve ahlaksal a\u00e7\u0131dan y\u00fckseltmektir. Fetva ve idari y\u00f6ntemlerle t\u00fcm eylemlerin \u015feriat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri do\u011frultusunda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir ortamda, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7anakkale zaferlerinden ve yeni milli ruhunu olu\u015fturarak Cumhuriyet ilan etmesinden, 1919 Versay Antla\u015fmas\u0131yla Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine somut az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 sistemi sa\u011flanmas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fcnden sonra, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan sonra da onlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen bir \u00fcst devlet akl\u0131 oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Bu da onlarda somut bir milliyet ve az\u0131nl\u0131k bilinci yarat\u0131rken, her zaman ve her konuda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ve \u015fahsen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nder Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn himayesinde olduklar\u0131 duyusu ve inanc\u0131 mayalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece onlar da yeni ko\u015fullara ayak uydurma ve ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 somut ortama g\u00f6re d\u00fczenleme yolunu se\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu derinlik onlarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bulgaristan\u2019daki etki alan\u0131nda bir mantar kimli\u011fi olu\u015fturma sezisi de do\u011furmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yeni a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine 1919 Neuly Antla\u015fmas\u0131yla tan\u0131nan haklara ve yine o y\u0131llarda kurulan Al. Stanboliysk\u0131 y\u00f6netimindeki \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00fclkedeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck etnik ve dini az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa stat\u00fc tan\u0131rken haklar\u0131n\u0131 somutla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na bir g\u00f6z atmam\u0131z gerekir. \u00c7ift\u00e7i partisi T\u00fcrklerin bir az\u0131nl\u0131k sistem i\u00e7inde var olmas\u0131na gereken \u00f6nemi veriyor. Bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmalar\u0131nda yer alan az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 t\u00fcm ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r istemini siyasi ilke yap\u0131yor. Parti, T\u00fcrklerin az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na somutluk kazand\u0131ran \u00f6zel bir program kabul ediyor. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce T\u00fcrk toplumunun kimli\u011fini olu\u015fturmada ba\u015fl\u0131ca rol oynayan e\u011fitim sisteminde, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, sosyal, siyasal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda k\u00f6kl\u00fc reformlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00c7ift\u00e7i Birli\u011fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131n organ\u0131\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7ift\u00e7i Birli\u011fi\u201d gazetesi bir taraftan kom\u00fcnizm ideolojisine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131m veriyor,\u00a0 \u00f6te yandan ulusal bilincin, dini inan\u00e7lar\u0131n, genellikle ulusal k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ve bu arada e\u011fitim sisteminin geli\u015ftirilmesinin gereklili\u011fini vurguluyor. B\u00f6ylece \u00c7ift\u00e7i Birli\u011fi, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011funun az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131da bulunuyor. 1923\u2019te \u00c7ift\u00e7i Parti iktidar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011funun \u00f6zel stat\u00fc ve hak isteklerine s\u0131cak bak\u0131lm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Bundan 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn uluslar aras\u0131 anla\u015fmalarda belirlenmesinde 1919 N\u00f6yyi Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli yer al\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fmada, ulusal, dinsel ve dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alma amac\u0131yla bir tak\u0131m yeni hukuksal ilke ve mekanizmalar belirlenmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca bu anla\u015fman\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan sonra az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin de\u011fil, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlerin g\u00fcvencesi alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece bir devletin di\u011fer bir devletin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine m\u00fcdahale etmesi gelene\u011fine son verilmi\u015f oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu arada, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri kimlik stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn belirlenmesinde 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara\u2019da imzalanan Bulgaristan ile T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti aras\u0131nda Dostluk Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Ek Protokolde \u0130kamet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu protokoldeki ana konu Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin az\u0131nl\u0131k sorunudur. Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti N\u00f6yyi anla\u015fmas\u0131nda yer alan yaz\u0131l\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin t\u00fcm\u00fcnden Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini yararland\u0131rmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmi\u015ftir. Bu garanti kapsam\u0131na, dinsel haklardan ba\u015fka, yurtta\u015f, siyasal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar da al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dinsel haklar konusunda \u015f\u00f6yle denilmi\u015ftir: \u201cBulgaristan uyru\u011fu olan her yurtta\u015f\u0131n, toplumsal nizam ve iyi ahlakla \u00e7eli\u015fmeyen dini vecibelerini toplumsal ve \u00f6zel bi\u00e7imde yerine getirme haklar\u0131na sahip olacaklard\u0131r.\u201d<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1054002072\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu Protokolde Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anadilini \u00f6\u011frenip kullanma hakk\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verilmi\u015ftir. Devlet, az\u0131nl\u0131klara ait vatanda\u015flara resmi dile paralel ana dilini s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak, bu arada yarg\u0131 kurumlar\u0131nda da serbest\u00e7e kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmektedir. Yine bu c\u00fcmleden olmak \u00fczere, h,\u00e7 bir Bulgaristan vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n herhangi birinin dilini ki\u015fisel veya ticari ili\u015fkiler, dinsel ibadetler esnas\u0131nda, bas\u0131nda ve toplant\u0131larda \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kullanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlayamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda Bulgaristan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n temel e\u011fitim okullar\u0131nda anadilleriyle e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmelerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmayla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Bulgaristan devletinin az\u0131nl\u0131k T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131nda Bulgarcan\u0131n okutulmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lma hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131 tutulmu\u015ftur. Devletin az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim giderlerini kar\u015f\u0131lama amac\u0131yla milli ve belediye b\u00fct\u00e7elerinden belirli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde mali kaynak sa\u011flamas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fma ve Protokol, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011funun az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn hukuksal temellerinin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazanmas\u0131 ve peki\u015ftirilmesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015e\u00f6yle ki, bu ikili anla\u015fmada ilk defa Bulgaristan\u2019da bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu terim \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kadar \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u201d olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan ismin de\u011fi\u015fmesi veya bu olgunun reddedilmesine ra\u011fmen, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011funun bir az\u0131nl\u0131k oldu\u011fundan bug\u00fcn de asla ku\u015fku yoktur.<\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 20\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda resmen belirlenen az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fc sosyalizm d\u00f6neminde belirli bir s\u00fcre korunmu\u015ftur. B\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015fta Hitler Almanya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n peyki olan Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n sava\u015ftan sonraki durumu, devlet ve parti y\u00f6netimini az\u0131nl\u0131k sorununa olumlu yakla\u015f\u0131ma zorluyor.\u00a0 Hatta az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 konusunda duyarl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in Bulgaristan 1947 Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131na kat\u0131lan heyetine 2 T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 milletvekili de kat\u0131yor. Anla\u015fma maddelerinden birinde \u015f\u00f6yle deniyor: \u201cBulgaristan, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, dil ya da din fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeksizin idaresi alt\u0131ndaki herkesin s\u00f6z, bas\u0131n veya yay\u0131n, ibadet ve toplant\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri dahil, t\u00fcm insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak b\u00fct\u00fcn gerekli tedbirleri alacakt\u0131r.\u201d Bu antla\u015fman\u0131n imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri 675 bin ki\u015filik bir topluluktu ve \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun % 9.61\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyordu. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde mecliste onaylanan \u201cHalk iktidar\u0131n\u0131 koruma yasas\u0131\u201d ile \u00fclkede \u201c\u0131rk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin propagandas\u0131 da yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>1947 Anayas\u0131\u2019nda\u00a0 \u201ct\u00fcm yurtta\u015flar\u0131n yasa \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fit oldu\u011fu\u201d belirtilirken, \u00fclkede az\u0131nl\u0131klar bulundu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu da yer alm\u0131\u015f ve \u015f\u00f6yle denmi\u015ftir: \u201cBulgaristan yurtta\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. Ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131klar, Bulgarcay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme \u015fart\u0131yla anadillerinde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rme ve ulusal k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahiptirler.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte bu yasal temeller \u00fczerinde 1950\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etnik kimli\u011finin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ve \u00f6zellikle e\u011fitim sisteminin geli\u015ftirilmesi sorunlar\u0131na \u00f6nem verilmi\u015ftir. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bu g\u00f6receli olumlu geli\u015fme d\u00f6nemi ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 60\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131na do\u011fru son bulmu\u015ftur. Totaliter rejimin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi yeni az\u0131nl\u0131k politikas\u0131yla Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin \u00f6z kimli\u011fi yok edilme hedefi olmu\u015ftur. Yeni siyaset ulusal kimlikleri asimile ederek Bulgar ulusal kimli\u011fi i\u00e7inde eritmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015f ve bunu zul\u00fcm uygulayarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme yolunu se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Sosyalist ulusal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck olu\u015fturma siyasetinin \u00f6z\u00fcne tamamen birle\u015fme dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Bulgaristanl\u0131 T\u00fcrkler T\u00fcrk ulusundan tamamen koparma siyasetine \u201ctarihsel Bulgar k\u00f6k\u00fcne d\u00f6nme\u201d ve birle\u015fme form\u00fcl\u00fc eklenmi\u015f ve \u201csoya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u201d trajedisi ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu zul\u00fcm siyaseti neticesinde art\u0131k 720 bin Bulgaristanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk vatanlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1980649952\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Feci olay\u0131n hukuksal geli\u015fmesinde, 1971 ve 1992 Anayasalar\u0131nda ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131k kavram\u0131na yer verilmedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fczOlay \u201cBulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri\u201d ve \u201cT\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 Bulgaristan vatanda\u015flar\u0131\u201d gibi etnografik grup k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrde\u015f Bulgar ulusu olu\u015fturma siyaseti bugi de \u201cBulgar Etnik Modeli\u201d\u00a0 \u00e7eklinde devam etmektedir. Son amac\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini anadilsiz, tarih belle\u011fi olmayan, edebiyat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrden uzak bir topluluk durumuna getirip son se\u00e7ime zorlamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk etnik kimli\u011fi stat\u00fcs\u00fcne d\u00f6nmemiz sorunu \u00f6zellikle akt\u00fceldir. Hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler i\u00e7in verilen sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131n, 1989\u2019un May\u0131s Ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n vb. direni\u015flerin programsal temelinde yer alan b\u00fcy\u00fck ger\u00e7ek, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fine az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fc ve 1950 y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7indir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu m\u00fccadelenin a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yle de g\u00f6rebiliriz:<\/p>\n<p>Etnik haklar\u0131 koruma m\u00fccadelesinde ilk hedef olan Pomaklar, 1913\u2019te, 1936\u2019da, 1942\u2019de ve 1972\u2019de isim ve dinlerini k\u00f6kten s\u00f6ken feci sald\u0131r\u0131lara u\u011frad\u0131lar. 1973\u2019te Nevrekop\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 Kornitsa k\u00f6y\u00fcnde katliama kar\u015f\u0131 isyan edip minareye ay y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 bayrak diktiler. \u00c7ingeneler 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda isim de\u011fi\u015ftirme sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrk etni\u011fine \u00e7ullanan T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fini s\u00f6k\u00fcp yakma sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 1984\u20131989 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda devlet zulm\u00fc \u015feklinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131. Bulgar ulus ile T\u00fcrk etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri tamamen kopard\u0131. Faciay\u0131 durduran T\u00fcrklerin May\u0131s 1989 Ayaklanmas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l ve \u00f6zellikle 1990\u2019dan sonra Bulgar toplumunda etnik kimliklerin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in verilen m\u00fccadele, \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrk etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n direnciyle siyasi sahneye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, uluslar aras\u0131 alana ta\u015ft\u0131. Enik kimlik sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n can al\u0131c\u0131, iktidar devirici niteli\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Bir ulusa ait ki\u015filerin etnik kimli\u011fini kendileri se\u00e7medi\u011fini, bunun bir do\u011fall\u0131k oldu\u011funu, g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, ulusal siyaset i\u00e7inde belirleyici konumda oldu\u011funu da ortaya koydu.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1918392419\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>6 Kas\u0131m 2016\u2019da yap\u0131lan Bulgaristan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7iminde T.C\u2019de ya\u015fayan ve se\u00e7imlerde oy kullanma hakk\u0131 olan 620 bin soyda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in yaln\u0131z 38 sand\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 etniklerin insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n ve siyasi haklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131na yeni bir \u00f6rnektir. 26 Mart 2017\u2019de yap\u0131lacak erken genel se\u00e7imlerde ise, majoriter sistem uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da bir milletvekili 30 bin oyla se\u00e7ilirken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bunun i\u00e7in 230 oy bin gerekli olacakt\u0131r. Bunlar etnik kimli\u011fimizde devaml\u0131 al\u0131nan yongalar olup hedefinde etnik politik kimli\u011fimizi kurutmak vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da etnik T\u00fcrk kimli\u011finin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda, muhafaza edilmesinde ve geli\u015fmesinde a\u015famalar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019i gibi Azerbaycan Cumhuriyetinin d\u0131\u015f deste\u011fi ve katk\u0131s\u0131 belirleyici olmu\u015ftur. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde \u00f6zellikle e\u011fitimde 1922\u20131923 ders y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eumen\u2019de\u00a0 \u201cN\u00fcvvap\u201d ruhani okulunun a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131nda Latin Alfabesinin uygulanmas\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi olu\u015fumunda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin s\u00fcr\u00fckleyici \u00f6rne\u011fi vs y\u00f6n belirleyen yol ta\u015flar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bu c\u00fcmleden olmak \u00fczere, 1950\u2019lerde Azerbaycan\u2019dan gelen T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n Sofya \u00dcniversitesi ve pedagoji okullar\u0131m\u0131zdaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 T\u00fcrk manevi alt yap\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yeniden dokumam\u0131zda \u00e7ok yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldular. Onlar, Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n ordusu olu\u015furken, \u00f6z edebiyat ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz ye\u015ferirken ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc etkili oldular. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde olu\u015fup geli\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk etnik kimli\u011finin her a\u015famas\u0131nda bu iki d\u0131\u015f fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn etkisini g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1351429780\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BGSAM Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin ki\u015fisel ve kolektif kimliklerinden en \u00f6nemlisi, onlar\u0131n etnik kimli\u011fidir. Etnik kimli\u011fimiz, geleneklerimize ve bir dini etnik topluluk oldu\u011fumuz bilincine aban\u0131r. Bulgaristan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":6093,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/1-logo-yk.jpg?fit=552%2C531&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-5Hs","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21914\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}