{"id":21815,"date":"2016-12-15T20:50:31","date_gmt":"2016-12-15T18:50:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=21815"},"modified":"2016-12-15T20:55:34","modified_gmt":"2016-12-15T18:55:34","slug":"bulgaristan-turklerinin-egitimine-azerbaycan-aydinlarin-katkisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristan-turklerinin-egitimine-azerbaycan-aydinlarin-katkisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin E\u011fitimine Azerbaycan Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n Katk\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin E\u011fitim ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Kalk\u0131nmas\u0131nda Hizmetleri Ge\u00e7en Azerbaycan Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 (Ara\u015ft\u0131rma)<\/h2>\n
Prof. Dr. Hayriye S\u00fcleymano\u011flu YEN\u0130SOY<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bir az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak ya\u015famaya mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015f T\u00fcrklerin tam 130 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir az\u0131nl\u0131k tarih\u00ee ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri vard\u0131r. Bulgarlardan sonra en b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fcfus oran\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bu topluluk 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana kendi mill\u00ee benli\u011fini koruyabilmek i\u00e7in e\u011fitime canla ba\u015fla sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirmeyi bir bor\u00e7 bilmi\u015ftir. Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n prenslik (1879-1908) ve \u00e7arl\u0131k (1908-1944) d\u00f6nemlerinde Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den az say\u0131da \u00f6\u011fretmen, belirli say\u0131da da ders kitab\u0131, gazete ve dergi g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f, baz\u0131 gen\u00e7ler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131na kadar Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrkiye ile ba\u011flar\u0131 kopmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra d\u00fcnya ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr ve Bulgaristan Do\u011fu Blokunda, T\u00fcrkiye de Bat\u0131 Blokunda yer al\u0131r. T\u00fcrk-Bulgar devlet s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 da iki s\u00fcper g\u00fcc\u00fcn \u201ccephe hatt\u0131\u201dn\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/div>\n
Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta (NATO\u2019nun 1949\u2019da, Var\u015fova Pakt\u0131\u2019n\u0131 da 1955 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce) M\u00fcttefikler Kontrol Komisyonunun Bulgaristan\u2019da bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde SSCB\u2019nin Bulgaristan\u2019a do\u011frudan diktesi, bu \u00fclkede mill\u00ee meselenin, yani az\u0131nl\u0131klar sorununun Yosif Visarionovi\u00e7 Stalin\u2019in Mill\u00ee Mesele Teorisi do\u011frultusunda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesiyle ilgili olmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
M\u00fcttefikler Kontrol Komisyonunda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin temsilcili\u011fini yapanlardan biri de A.D. Novi\u00e7ev\u2019dir. Leningrat (Petersburg) \u00dcniversitesinde T\u00fcrkiye tarihi profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan A. Novi\u00e7ev\u2019in ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revi, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 Sovyet modeline uygun bir \u015fekilde halletmekten ibarettir. Y. V. Stalin\u2019in M\u0130LL\u00ce MESELE \u00d6\u011eRET\u0130S\u0130\u2019nin uygulanmas\u0131 demek, bu toplulu\u011fun \u0130sl\u00e2m dinine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, \u0130sl\u00e2m dininden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak demektir. Bu ama\u00e7lara ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in de ilk ad\u0131m olarak \u00f6zel stat\u00fcde bulunan T\u00fcrk ilk ve ortaokullar\u0131 (iptidai ve r\u00fc\u015ftiye mektepleri) \u201cresm\u00ee okul\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcne al\u0131nmal\u0131yd\u0131. Bulgaristan Ulusal Meclisi 27 Eyl\u00fcl 1946 tarihli toplant\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrk \u00f6zel okullar\u0131n\u0131n devletle\u015ftirilmesiyle ilgili yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti. Bundan sonra da bir-iki y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde t\u00fcm T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 devletle\u015ftirilerek e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim Bulgaristan E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n denetimi alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tarihe kadar lise veya lise d\u00fczeyli T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 yoktu. 1918\/19 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eumnu\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131lan T\u00fcrk Devlet \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu (Dar\u2019ul- Muallimin) 1928\u2019de h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Din\u00ee i\u00e7erikte e\u011fitim veren tek bir \u201cN\u00fcvvab\u201d Okulu kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, bu okul da 1 947\u2032 de l\u00e2ik devlet lisesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 devletle\u015ftirilince zorunlu ilk \u00f6\u011fretim (ilk ve ortaokul) yasas\u0131 T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na da daha titizlikle uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yeni durum burjuva, fa\u015fist Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerince kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir. 1921 \u2013 1922 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda say\u0131lar\u0131 1720\u2019lere ula\u015fan T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 1943-1944 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda 4l3\u2019e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmen ve ders kitaplar\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 da beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fte o zaman Bulgaristan Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Azerbaycan E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131na (Maarif Naz\u0131r\u0131na) ba\u015fvurarak yard\u0131m istemi\u015ftir. Devletin denetiminde bulunan T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131na \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in 1947-1948 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda Eski Za\u011fra\u2019da (Stara Zagora\u2019da) d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k bir T\u00fcrk \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve baz\u0131 ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131r. Bundan b\u00f6yle okul kitaplar\u0131 haz\u0131rlatma ve bast\u0131rma i\u015fini Bulgaristan Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcstlenir.<\/div>\n
Bulgar kom\u00fcnistleri bir yandan okul a\u00e7makla ve baz\u0131 ba\u015fka k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olanaklar sa\u011flamakla T\u00fcrkleri kendilerine \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131rma ve kazanma yoluna giderken, \u00f6te yandan da eski devlet politikalar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7meyerek T\u00fcrkleri g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlamaya devam etmi\u015flerdir. A\u011fustos 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda Politb\u00fcronun alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu karar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe ge\u00e7irerek 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bir g\u00f6\u00e7 ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f ve ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyordu. \u00dclkede zorunlu olarak topra\u011f\u0131n kooperatifle\u015ftirilmesine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015fti. Y\u00fczde seksen be\u015fi (%85) k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve topra\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan T\u00fcrk halk\u0131ndan tepki beklenebilir iddialar\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek, kitle h\u00e2linde bir g\u00f6\u00e7 ile hem T\u00fcrklerin say\u0131s\u0131 azalt\u0131lacakt\u0131, hem de toprak ve \u00f6teki gayrimenkuller Bulgarlara kalacakt\u0131.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrkler de T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n devletle\u015ftirilmesi, bu okullarda ateistik e\u011fitime ge\u00e7ilmesi, din\u00ee \u00e2det ve geleneklerin giderek k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131, gayrimenkullerin ellerinden al\u0131nmas\u0131yla i\u015flerin nereye varabilece\u011fi bilincinde olarak, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 gelecek karanl\u0131k g\u00fcnlerden kurtarmak i\u00e7in kitle h\u00e2linde g\u00f6\u00e7 ediyorlard\u0131. G\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye niyeti olmayan T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 da Bulgar makamlar\u0131 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye zorunlu olarak g\u00f6nderiyordu. B\u00f6yle ayd\u0131nlara onbe\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fckler ad\u0131 verilmi\u015fti. 1950-1951 y\u0131llar\u0131nda 154.000\u2019in \u00fczerinde T\u00fcrk T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f, 60.000 T\u00fcrk de Bulgar makamlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f vizesi alm\u0131\u015f, daha on binlerce T\u00fcrk\u00fcn de elinde g\u00f6\u00e7 pasaportlar\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/div>\n
Y. V. Stalin, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc durdurmak i\u00e7in Bulgaristan Devlet Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 V\u0131lko \u00c7ervenkov\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn bir an \u00f6nce durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131 emreder ve gelecekte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek bir sosyalist devrim i\u00e7in Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinden devrimci elemanlar yeti\u015ftirilmesini ister. O d\u00f6nemde d\u0131\u015far\u0131da haz\u0131rlanarak, stratejik \u00f6nemi olan \u00fclkelerde sosyalist devrimi yapmak, ihtil\u00e2l ihra\u00e7 etmek Sovyet politikas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca amac\u0131yd\u0131.
Y. V. Stalin\u2019in emri ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeliydi. Bir sosyalist \u00fclkeden kitle h\u00e2linde insanlar\u0131n ka\u00e7mas\u0131, d\u00fcnyada Do\u011fu Bloku i\u00e7in k\u00f6t\u00fc imaj yaratabilirdi. 1951 \u2018de g\u00f6\u00e7 durduruldu, evlerini satm\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 ailelere devlet yard\u0131m\u0131yla evleri iade edildi. Ancak aileler par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f, kalpler yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna bakmayarak \u201cGiden gitti, kalan kald\u0131. Bundan b\u00f6yle Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin bir gerici, tutucu T\u00fcrkiye ile hi\u00e7bir ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olmayacak\u201d dendi. T\u00fcrkiye ile Bulgaristan aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler de g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne k\u00f6t\u00fcye gidiyordu.<\/div>\n
1951\u2019de g\u00f6\u00e7 durdurulunca Moskova\u2019n\u0131n direktifiyle Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine okul kap\u0131lar\u0131 biraz daha geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. T\u00fcrklerin temel insan haklar\u0131ndan, ana dillerinde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmekten fa\u015fist Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerince mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131, ancak bundan b\u00f6yle e\u011fitimlerinin ana dillerinde yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, \u201csosyalist\u201d k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini de geli\u015ftirebilmeleri i\u00e7in olanaklar sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fam\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 resmen bildirildi. Ancak gereken haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fclkede T\u00fcrk dilinde e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131? \u015eekil bak\u0131m\u0131ndan mill\u00ee ve i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sosyalist bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr nas\u0131l geli\u015ftirilebilirdi? Gelece\u011fin sosyalist T\u00fcrkiye\u2019 sinde \u00f6nderlik yapabilecek haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 elemanlar T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi nas\u0131l yap\u0131labilirdi?<\/div>\n
\u2013 Dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en yak\u0131n Azeri leh\u00e7esi ve Azeri k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyd\u00fc. Bununla birlikte Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n e\u011fitim, bilim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u0131nda y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 da vard\u0131. Y. V. Stalin\u2019in emri \u00fczere Bulgaristan ile Azerbaycan aras\u0131nda yo\u011fun bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel i\u015fbirli\u011fi ba\u015flad\u0131. Azerbaycan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi Birinci Sekreteri akademi \u00fcyesi \u0130. Mustafayev\u2019in ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Moskova\u2019dan Sofya\u2019ya en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde bir heyet geldi. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sorunlar\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc. Bundan sonra da Azerbaycan\u2019dan heyetler, komisyonlar s\u0131k s\u0131k Bulgaristan\u2019 a gelerek, T\u00fcrklerle yo\u011fun b\u00f6lgeler ziyaret edildi. Ger\u00e7ek durumun \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011fu tespit edildi ve T\u00fcrklerden de eleman yeti\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in somut \u00f6nerilerde bulunuldu. Nereden ba\u015flanmal\u0131yd\u0131?<\/div>\n
\u2013 Resm\u00ee stat\u00fcye ge\u00e7mi\u015f T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131na \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirilmesi sorunu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015flerin ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunuyordu. 1950-1951 y\u0131llar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc bir\u00e7ok \u00f6\u011fretmeni ve Eski Za\u011fra T\u00fcrk \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulundan ilk mezunlar\u0131 al\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, okullar \u00f6\u011fretmensiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bakanlar Kurulunun 10 A\u011fustos 1951 tarihli Kararnamesi do\u011frultusunda 1 Eyl\u00fcl 1951\u2019de K\u0131rcaali ve Razgrat \u015fehirlerinde T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131na \u00f6\u011fretmen haz\u0131rlayacak \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k birer T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmen okulu (T\u00fcrk pedagoji mektebi) a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 y\u0131l kapat\u0131lan Eski Za\u011fra T\u00fcrk \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulundan \u00f6\u011frenciler yeni a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bu iki okula da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Okullar\u0131n ikisi de yat\u0131l\u0131 okuldu, har\u00e7lar devlete aitti.
1952 y\u0131l\u0131 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin e\u011fitiminde \u00f6nemli bir y\u0131l oldu. 5 A\u011fustos 1952\u2019de Bakanlar Kurulunda T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n durumu konusu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc. T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131ndan da ayd\u0131n yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yle kararlar al\u0131nd\u0131:<\/div>\n
\u2013 Sofya\u2019da bir T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmen okulu (T\u00fcrk pedagoji mektebi) a\u00e7\u0131lacak ve bu okul V\u0131lko \u00c7ervenkov\u2019un ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r. Buras\u0131 yat\u0131l\u0131 okul olacak ve yemek, giyim, kitap, ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7 devletten olacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u2013 Rus\u00e7uk\u2019ta (Ruse\u2019de) bir T\u00fcrk k\u0131z lisesi a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Kabul edilecek 100 \u00f6\u011frencinin yar\u0131s\u0131na Bulgar Devleti burs sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcm \u00f6\u011frenciler yurtlarda kalacaklard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u2013 \u015eumnu Yar\u0131 Y\u00fcksek (\u00d6nlisans) \u00d6\u011fretmen Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u0131n\u0131flar a\u00e7\u0131lacak ve burada T\u00fcrk ortaokullar\u0131na (r\u00fc\u015ftiyelerine) \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirilecektir.<\/div>\n
\u2013 Sofya \u00dcniversitesinin Filoloji, Felsefe-Tarih ve Fizik-Matematik Fak\u00fcltelerinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitim veren B\u00f6l\u00fcmler a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere her y\u0131l otuzar (30) T\u00fcrk genci al\u0131nacak ve T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmen okullar\u0131na, liselerine ve \u00f6\u011fretmen enstit\u00fclerine \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirilecektir. T\u00fcrk dili ve edebiyat\u0131, tarih, fizik, matematik vb. dersler T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak okutulacakt\u0131r. \u00dcniversiteye kabul edilecek T\u00fcrk k\u0131z ve erkek \u00f6\u011frencilere burs ve yurt sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r. (Burada bir parantez a\u00e7arak \u015funu belirtmek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir: O y\u0131llarda, herkesin mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devletle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir d\u00f6nemde \u00fcniversitelerde de e\u011fitim devlet hesab\u0131na idi, Bulgar, Ermeni, Yunan, Yahudi, T\u00fcrk ve \u00f6teki az\u0131nl\u0131klardan \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc devlet bursu al\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 yurtlarda kal\u0131yordu. Yani burs ve yurt sorunu sadece T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7lerine bir imtiyaz de\u011fildi).<\/div>\n
Bakanlar Kurulunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar Eyl\u00fcl 1952\u2019de uygulanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Sofya T\u00fcrk \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu (ilkokul \u00f6\u011fretmenleri yeti\u015ftirecek T\u00fcrk Pedagoji Mektebi), Rus\u00e7uk K\u0131z Lisesi Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda t\u00f6renlerle a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. 10 Ekim tarihinde Sofya \u00dcniversitesinde T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7lerine ait s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f t\u00f6reninde Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 Demir Yanev bir konu\u015fma yaparak T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 aras\u0131ndan yeti\u015ftirilecek \u00fcniversite mezunlar\u0131n\u0131n, bu halk\u0131n e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fmesinde birer \u0131\u015f\u0131k olacaklar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/div>\n
Bu arada Vladimir \u0130li\u00e7 Lenin\u2019in ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Bak\u00fc\u2019deki Azerbaycan Pedagoji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (h\u00e2len H. Tusi ad\u0131na Azerbaycan Devlet Pedagoji \u00dcniversitesi) Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve daha sonralar\u0131 Azerbaycan E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 olan akademi \u00fcyesi A. Aleskerov Sofya\u2019ya gelmi\u015f ve Bulgaristan Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr konular\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 olarak g\u00f6revine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her istedi\u011fini Bulgar devlet g\u00f6revlilerine yapt\u0131ran, Prof. A. Aleskerov\u2019un Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nmas\u0131nda hizmetleri \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
1953 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir Azeri bilim adamlar\u0131 ekibi Bulgaristan\u2019a gelerek T\u00fcrklerin bilim, e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda y\u00fckselmelerinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sofya \u00dcniversitesinin yeni a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrk Filolojisi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Prof. M. \u015eiraliyev ve Do\u00e7. M. Mirzazade ders vermi\u015f, Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrkolojinin geli\u015ftirilmesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. M. \u015eiraliyev T\u00fcrk diyalektolojisinden ders vermekten ba\u015fka, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde de ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kuzey Bulgaristan Eski Cuma (T\u0131rgovi\u015fte) b\u00f6lgesinde Opaka k\u00f6y\u00fc T\u00fcrk a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015f, G\u00fcney Bulgaristan\u2019da da K\u0131rcaali \u2018ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Komuniga k\u00f6y\u00fc T\u00fcrk a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcney Bulgaristan ve \u00f6zellikle Do\u011fu Rodoplar T\u00fcrk a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Prof. M. \u015eiraliyev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u00e7. M. Mirzazade de \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk dili dersleri vermi\u015ftir. Bulgaristan\u2019 da T\u00fcrk filolojisinin temellerini atan de\u011ferli bu iki bilim adam\u0131 asistan yeti\u015ftirmekte de yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Tarih b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Do\u00e7. Gafarl\u0131, Fizik-Matematik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde fizik\u00e7i Do\u00e7. Y. Mamedov ve matematik\u00e7i Do\u00e7. H. Agayev ders vermi\u015flerdir. Dersler T\u00fcrk dilinde verilmi\u015f, bilim dallar\u0131yla ilgili terimler \u00f6\u011frencilere T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak \u00f6\u011fretilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 Azeri bilim adam\u0131 da T\u00fcrk asistanlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 birer uzman olarak yeti\u015ftirilmeleri i\u00e7in gerekeni yapm\u0131\u015f ve onlar\u0131 her alanda desteklemi\u015flerdir. \u00d6\u011frencileri de bilim alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya sevk etmeleri, iyi haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 birer uzman olarak yeti\u015ftirilmeleri \u00e7ok sevindirici olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7lerine ait b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde ilm\u00ee dernekler kurarak \u00f6\u011frencilere bilim ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Sofya \u00dcniversitesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7ekilmi\u015f foto\u011fraf. Sa\u011fdan sola: Do\u00e7. Y. Mamedov-Fizik\u00e7i, Do\u00e7. H. Agayev-matematik\u00e7i, Do\u00e7. Gafarl\u0131-tarih\u00e7i, Prof. M. \u015eiraliyev-dilci. Sofya 1953.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Azeri \u00fcniversite hocalar\u0131n\u0131n Sofya \u00dcniversitesinde kald\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zorluklar\u0131 a\u015farak T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011frencilerin haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 birer uzman olarak yeti\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in canla ba\u015fla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, okuduklar\u0131 derslerle, y\u00f6nettikleri derneklerle sevindirici ba\u015far\u0131lar elde edildi\u011fi, Sofya \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc akademi \u00fcyesi Vl. Georgiev ve Fak\u00fclte Dekanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine verilen \u015e\u00fckran Belgelerinde de belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
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Sofya \u00dcniversitesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7ekilmi\u015f bir foto\u011fraf. Sa\u011fdan sola: T\u00fcrk Filolojisi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde asistan Riza Mollov, Do\u00e7.Y. Mamedov-Fizik\u00e7i (Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00fc), Ali Rafiev-Bulgar Kom\u00fcnist Partisi Merkez Komitesi T\u00fcrk \u015eubesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131, Do\u00e7. Agayev-matematik\u00e7i (Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00fc), Prof. M. \u015eiraliyev-dilci (Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00fc), G\u0131l\u0131b G\u0131l\u0131bov-T\u00fcrk dili m\u00fcderrisi, O. Saliev-\u201cHalk Gen\u00e7li\u011fi\u201d gazetesi ba\u015fredakt\u00f6r\u00fc. Sofya 1954.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Azeri bilim adamlar\u0131 \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra da \u00f6\u011frencileriyle ili\u015fkiyi kesmemi\u015f ve bu gen\u00e7lere yard\u0131m\u0131 esirgememi\u015flerdir. Gen\u00e7lerden birka\u00e7\u0131 yine ayn\u0131 hocalar\u0131 yan\u0131nda Bak\u00fc\u2019de ihtisas yapm\u0131\u015f, doktora tezlerini savunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Do\u00e7. Y. Mamedov\u2019a Sofya \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc akademi \u00fcyesi Vladimir Georgiev taraf\u0131ndan verilen \u015e\u00fckran Belgesi, Sofya 1954.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
1951-1956 y\u0131llar\u0131nda 30 dolay\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk genci Bak\u00fc\u2019ye \u00f6\u011frenime g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Azerbaycan Devlet \u00dcniversitesi ve Azerbaycan Pedagoji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcnde okuyan bu gen\u00e7ler de Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk liselerinde, T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmen okullar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretmen enstit\u00fclerinde \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Bunlardan bir\u00e7o\u011fu T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden mezun olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu gen\u00e7ler ve daha sonraki y\u0131llarda doktora yapmaya, ihtisasa g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olan dilci T\u00fcrkologlardan E. Demircizade, M. H\u00fcseyinzade, Z. Tag\u0131zade, S. Caferov, A. Ahundov; tarih\u00e7i \u0130bragimov; edebiyat\u00e7\u0131 \u015e. Sad\u0131kov; felsefeci M. Sattarov; Arap\u00e7adan Y. \u015eirvan gibi an\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Azeri bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisi olmak mutlulu\u011funu ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Azerbaycan Devlet Konservatuvar\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00fcstad Prof. Kara Karayev\u2019in s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda bestecilik \u00f6\u011frenen de olmu\u015ftur. Mezun olduktan sonra keman ve piyano i\u00e7in g\u00fczel T\u00fcrk \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131 bestelemi\u015flerdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Kara Karayev\u2019in \u00f6\u011frencisi Nihat Osmanov Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in \u201cBir A\u015fk Masal\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 eserini bestelemi\u015ftir. Bu senfonik eser Azerbaycan\u2019 da ve Bulgaristan\u2019da da takdir kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sami Hatibo\u011flu da Bak\u00fc Devlet Konservatuvar\u0131\u2019ndan mezun olmu\u015f, h\u00e2len T\u00fcrkiye \u00fcniversitelerinde \u00f6\u011frenci yeti\u015ftirmektedir. R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc de Filibe\u2019de m\u00fczik e\u011fitimini tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra Bak\u00fc\u2019de \u00fcnl\u00fc besteci S\u00fcleyman Aleskerov yan\u0131nda ihtisas yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Ellilerin ba\u015f\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 1956 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Bulgaristan\u2019da 16-17 T\u00fcrk lisesi a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 m\u00fcstakil T\u00fcrk lisesi, yar\u0131s\u0131 da Bulgar liseleri yan\u0131nda T\u00fcrk \u015fubeleri (s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131) olmu\u015ftur. S\u00f6z konusu m\u00fcstakil lise ve s\u0131n\u0131flar T\u00fcrklerin yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fu yerle\u015fim yerlerinde a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: K\u0131rcaali, Mestanl\u0131 (Mom\u00e7ilgrat), E\u011fridere (Ardino), Ko\u015fukavak (Krumovgrat), Karag\u00f6zler (\u00c7erno\u00e7ene), Filibe\u2019nin P\u0131rvomay kasabas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 Karacalar (\u0130skra) k\u00f6y\u00fcnde, \u015eumnu, Razgrat, Yenipazar (Novi Pazar) Varna, Osmanpazar\u0131 (Omurtag), Hac\u0131o\u011flu Pazarc\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Tolbuhin-Dobri\u00e7), Balp\u0131nar (Kubrat), Kemallar (\u0130sperih), Silistre, Akkad\u0131nlar (Dulovo), Aydos, Rus\u00e7uk (Ruse).<\/div>\n
Devlet taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk pedagoji mekteplerine yap\u0131lan yard\u0131m T\u00fcrk liseleri ve T\u00fcrk s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Rus\u00e7uk lisesi hakk\u0131nda ise yukar\u0131da bilgi verilmi\u015ftir). Bu d\u00f6nemde ayr\u0131ca K\u0131rcaali\u2019nin Komuniga kentinde bir meslek okulu, 1956\u2019da Hask\u00f6y\u2019de (Haskovo\u2019da) Yar\u0131 Y\u00fcksek (\u00d6nlisans) \u00d6\u011fretmen Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc yan\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve burada \u00f6\u011frenim yapan T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7leri T\u00fcrk ortaokullar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretmen olmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/div>\n
T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmen okullar\u0131 ve liselerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in Azerbaycan E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131(Maarif Naz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131) deneyimli pedagoglar g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve \u00f6zellikle Sofya, \u015eumnu, Razgrat, K\u0131rcaali T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitimden sorumlu (Zavu\u00e7- e\u011fitimi y\u00f6neten, e\u011fitim i\u015flerinden sorumlu) m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bu pedagoglar \u00e7ok yararl\u0131 i\u015fler ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Mehtiyev, Kadimov, Gafar, Agayev ve Gafarzade gibi pedagoglar\u0131n adlar\u0131 sayg\u0131yla an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
Ders planlar\u0131 ve m\u00fcfredat programlar\u0131 Bulgaristan E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk \u015eubesinde Prof. Aleskerov\u2019un ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve denetiminde haz\u0131rlan\u0131p ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en pedagoglar ve T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmenler okullarda bunlar\u0131 uygulamaya ge\u00e7iriyordu. Esas dersleri olu\u015fturan T\u00fcrk dili ve T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verilmi\u015f ve Tanzimattan bu yana T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 okutularak \u0130brahim \u015einasi, Ziya Pa\u015fa, Nam\u0131k Kemal gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n hayat\u0131, ki\u015filikleri ve eserlerinden ba\u015flayarak XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n altm\u0131\u015fl\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131 T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 temsilcilerine kadar sanat\u00e7\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilere bilgi verilmi\u015ftir. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra Azerbaycan edebiyat\u0131ndan da Nizami Gencevi (XII yy.), Fuzuli (XVI yy.), Vak\u0131f (XVIII yy.), Mirza Feteli Ahundov (XIX yy.), Sabir (XX yy. ba\u015flar\u0131), Samet Vurgun (1906-1956 y.), Mirza \u0130brahimov (1912-1992 y.) gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n hayat\u0131 ve eserleri okutulmu\u015f, bu sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n eserleri edebiyat ders kitaplar\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Tarih, co\u011frafya, fizik, matematik, kimya, astronomi, biyoloji, Darvinizmin esaslar\u0131, mant\u0131k vb. dersler T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak okutulmu\u015f, ders kitaplar\u0131 haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken Azerbaycan okul terminolojisinden de k\u0131smen yararlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Daha \u00f6nceleri Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131nda ve okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda resm\u00ee sel\u00e2mlama \u201cg\u00fcn ayd\u0131n\u201d iken, ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ellili y\u0131llar\u0131nda Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi etkisiyle \u201csel\u00e2m\u201d denmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve bu sel\u00e2mlama resmen kabul edilmi\u015ftir. \u201cYolda\u015f\u201d kelimesinde de yine Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi etkisi olarak bir anlam geni\u015flemesi olmu\u015f, \u00f6zel ad ve soyadlar\u0131n sonunda \u00e7ok s\u0131k kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Stalin Yolda\u015f, Dimitrov Yolda\u015f, Mehmet Yolda\u015f gibi. Sosyalist sistemde bireyler aras\u0131nda e\u015fitlik ifadesi olarak kullan\u0131lan, ancak hi\u00e7bir zaman e\u015fitlik olmayan bu rejimde \u201cyolda\u015f\u201d kelimesi ad ve soyadlar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir unsuru olmu\u015f Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinde genellikle ad ve soyadlardan \u00f6nce gelmi\u015ftir: Yolda\u015f Stalin, Yolda\u015f Malenkov, Yolda\u015f Mirzayev gibi. \u201cYolda\u015f\u201d kelimesi Bulgarca ve Rus\u00e7adaki \u201carkada\u015f\u201d kelimesinin bir \u00f6zde\u015fi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan kelimeler listesinin ba\u015flar\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nmalar\u0131ndaki ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 da Azeri karde\u015flerine bor\u00e7ludur. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flayan ilk gazetelerden birini de bir Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 5 Nisan- 12 Aral\u0131k 1947 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Sofya\u2019da bulunan K\u0131z\u0131lordu grubu siyas\u00ee idaresinin \u201cDrujba\u201d gazetesi taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cDostluk\u201d gazetesi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu gazeteyi haftada bir kez T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak \u00e7\u0131karan A. Kerim ad\u0131nda bir Azeri T\u00fcrk y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
Ortak k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131m\u0131z olan halk edebiyat\u0131 eserlerinden \u201cTahir ile Z\u00fchre\u201d. \u201cLeyl\u00e2 ile Mecnun\u201d, \u201cA\u015f\u0131k Garip\u201d, \u201cKerem ile Asl\u0131\u201d, \u201cK\u00f6ro\u011flu\u201d gibi halk efsanelerini dile getiren kitaplar da Sofya\u2019da yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Okullarda \u00f6\u011fretim ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan aktarmalardan ba\u015fka, geni\u015f okuyucu kitlesi i\u00e7in de en yeni Azerbaycan edebiyat\u0131 temsilcilerinin eserleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda okuyucular\u0131n \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fi Samet Vurgun\u2019un eserleri bulunmu\u015ftur. \u00d6teki T\u00fcrk cumhuriyet ve topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n sanat eserlerinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 da Azeri T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Azeri T\u00fcrklerinden Ekber Babayev Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in hayat\u0131, ki\u015fili\u011fi ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015f, eserler yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. E. Babayev, Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in b\u00fct\u00fcn eserlerini toplam\u0131\u015f ve bu eserler Sofya\u2019da \u201cNarodna Prosveta\u201d (Halk E\u011fitimi) Yay\u0131nevi taraf\u0131ndan 8 cilt olarak bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri kendi \u00e2det ve geleneklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalarak, tiyatro, koro ve m\u00fczik sanat kollar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesine de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Sanat gruplar\u0131 T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerde halk\u0131n ilgisini \u00e7ekerek m\u00fcsamereler d\u00fczenlemi\u015fler ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Sahneledikleri \u201cVatan Yahut Silistire\u201d, \u201c\u0130ki Ahbap \u00c7avu\u015flar\u201d vb. piyesler ve komedilerle halk\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 bir dereceye kadar kar\u015f\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak bu olumlu geli\u015fmelere 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ortas\u0131ndan sonra son verilmi\u015f ve b\u00f6yle faaliyetler yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra ve \u00f6zellikle ellilerde Moskova\u2019n\u0131n direktifiyle Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine sa\u011flanan (k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 da olsa) baz\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar do\u011frultusunda Bulgaristan Bakanlar Kurulunun karar\u0131yla \u015eumnu, Hask\u00f6y ve Rus\u00e7uk\u2019ta birer Devlet Estrat (m\u00fczikal) T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Daha sonralar\u0131 Hask\u00f6y T\u00fcrk Estrat Tiyatrosu K\u0131rcaali\u2019ye, Rus\u00e7uk Tiyatrosu da Razgrat\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bulgaristan\u2019daki bu \u00fc\u00e7 T\u00fcrk tiyatrosu Azerbaycan tiyatro sanat\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle Azerbaycan komedilerinden \u00e7ok yararlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok Azeri opereti T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye aktar\u0131l\u0131p sahneye konmu\u015ftur. Bunlardan biri de besteci S\u00fcleyman Aleskerov\u2019un \u201cY\u0131ld\u0131z\u201d operetidir.<\/div>\n
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YILDIZ operetinin Smolyan\u2019da sahneye konulaca\u011f\u0131na dair bir afi\u015f.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
S\u00f6z konusu eser \u015eumnu, Smolyan (Pa\u015fmakl\u0131) ve ba\u015fka \u015fehirlerde sahneye konmu\u015ftur. Azerbaycan mill\u00ee danslar\u0131, \u201cCan\u0131m Azerbaycan\u201d, \u201cSumgayit\u201d gibi \u015fark\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle Ra\u015fit Beybutov\u2019un \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131 \u201cAr\u015fin Mal Alan\u201d vb. filmler, T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok pop\u00fclerlik kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrk tiyatrolar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan koreograflar, bestecilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 Bak\u00fc\u2019de kurs g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Bak\u00fcl\u00fc uzmanlar Bulgaristan\u2019a gelerek T\u00fcrk tiyatrolar\u0131na yard\u0131mda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u015eumnu T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosuna \u00f6zellikle Prof. S\u00fcleyman Aleskerov b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmetlerde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
Bulgar kom\u00fcnistlerinin T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda Marksizm-Leninizm teorisini, ideolojisini yayacak haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 parti elemanlar\u0131na da ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Parti y\u00f6neticileri olarak haz\u0131rl\u0131k g\u00f6rmeleri i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 T\u00fcrk parti fonksiyoneri Bak\u00fc Y\u00fcksek Parti Okulunda \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Buraya kadar say\u0131lan t\u00fcm faaliyetler g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr birer ger\u00e7ekti. Bu ger\u00e7ekler de Azeri ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Azeri uzmanlar\u0131 Moskova\u2019n\u0131n emri \u00fczere Bulgaristan\u2019a g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f, T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda sosyalist fikirlerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131, bunlar\u0131n gelecekte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019 de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek bir sosyalist ihtil\u00e2linin \u00f6nc\u00fcleri, sosyalist T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u00f6neticileri olarak yeti\u015ftirilmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu uzmanlar her \u015feyden \u00f6nce birer Azeri karde\u015fti ve Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinde ve \u00f6zellikle \u00f6\u011frencilerde T\u00fcrkl\u00fck ruhunun g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye ile Bulgaristan aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin tamamen kopmu\u015f bulundu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bo\u015flu\u011fu Azeri ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde doldurabilmi\u015ftir. Sosyalist dostlu\u011fu, sosyalist karde\u015fli\u011fi ilkeleri, Azerbaycan ve Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri i\u00e7in birer T\u00fcrkl\u00fck ilkesi anlam\u0131na gelmi\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine propaganda yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta f\u0131rsat bulduk\u00e7a T\u00fcrkiye ve T\u00fcrk milletine beslenen derin sevgiyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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\u00dcnl\u00fc besteci Prof. S\u00fcleyman Aleskeov (solda) ve \u015eumnu T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Yusuf Kerim (sa\u011fda). Sofya 1963.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Stalin\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra d\u00fcnya politikas\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklikler olmu\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir sosyalist ihtil\u00e2linin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinin de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcnce Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine izlenen politikada 180 derece bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Azerbaycan bilim adamlar\u0131, s\u00fcreleri dolmadan ve \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerine haz\u0131rlamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayamadan \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bak\u00fc\u2019ye \u00f6\u011frenci g\u00f6ndermek, Bulgaristan\u2019da okul ve \u00fcniversitede b\u00f6l\u00fcmler a\u00e7mak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hata olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Bulgar y\u00f6neticiler: \u201cMe\u011fer biz T\u00fcrklerden eleman yeti\u015ftirmekle koynumuzda birer y\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcz, Kemalist, Pant\u00fcrkist bir ku\u015fak yeti\u015ftirmi\u015fiz\u201d demeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flar ve Bulgar kamuoyunu T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtarak: \u201cT\u00fcrkler b\u00fcy\u00fck imtiyazlarla enstit\u00fc ve \u00fcniversitelere yerle\u015fti ve Bulgar gen\u00e7lerinin yerlerini ald\u0131lar, T\u00fcrklerin ald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6revler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 yerler Bulgarlara verilmelidir.\u201d diyerek as\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck politik ama\u00e7lar Bulgar halk\u0131ndan gizlendi ve T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 nefret uyand\u0131rmakta \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. \u00dcniversite ve enstit\u00fclerde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7lerinden de yararlan\u0131lamad\u0131. 1956 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bak\u00fc \u00dcniversitelerinden ve Sofya \u00dcniversitesinin \u00fc\u00e7 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretim yapan B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden ilk mezun olanlar 1956-1957 \u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda mecbur\u00ee hizmetlerine hen\u00fcz ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fken ders y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonuna varmadan Sofya\u2019dan k\u00f6t\u00fc haberler gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bundan sonraki \u00fcniversite mezunlar\u0131ndan da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu kendi bran\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mutlulu\u011funa kavu\u015famad\u0131. \u00d6\u011fretmenlik yapmak i\u00e7in e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tar\u0131mda, in\u015faat i\u015flerinde, yol yap\u0131m\u0131nda, fabrikalarda, maden ocaklar\u0131nda birer i\u015f\u00e7i olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Bulgar y\u00f6netici1ere b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zevk veriyordu. T\u00fcrklerin e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok g\u00f6rerek t\u00fcrl\u00fc y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvuruldu ve:<\/div>\n
1. Bundan b\u00f6yle Bak\u00fc\u2019ye \u00f6\u011frenime T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7leri g\u00f6nderilmedi.
2. A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan iki y\u0131l sonra Sofya \u00dcniversitesindeki T\u00fcrklere ait T\u00fcrk Tarihi ve Fizik-Matematik B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri Bulgarlara ait b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerle birle\u015ftirildi, yani T\u00fcrk b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde asistanl\u0131k yapan iki Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u00fc \u00dcniversite d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.
3. Sofya \u00dcniversitesi T\u00fcrk Filolojisi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7lerinin yeri Bulgar gen\u00e7lerine verildi ve T\u00fcrk Filolojisi ad\u0131 olan bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ad\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek Oryantalistik, sonralar\u0131 T\u00fcrkoloji, daha sonralar\u0131 da Do\u011fu Dilleri ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrleri Merkezinde bir birim olarak T\u00fcrkoloji ad\u0131yla yer ald\u0131. Yani, b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ad\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc an\u0131msatacak bir iz b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131. \u00d6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi T\u00fcrkler de \u00dcniversite d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.
4. 1958 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrk liseleri Bulgar liseleriyle birle\u015ftirildi. Yani kapat\u0131ld\u0131.
5. Bundan bir y\u0131l sonra, 1959\u2019da T\u00fcrk anaokulu, ilk ve ortaokullar\u0131 Bulgar okullar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirildi, yani kapat\u0131ld\u0131.
6. \u015eumnu ve Hask\u00f6y Yar\u0131 Y\u00fcksek (\u00d6nlisans) Bulgar \u00d6\u011fretmen Enstit\u00fclerinde a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e B\u00f6l\u00fcmler kapat\u0131ld\u0131.
7. T\u00fcrk \u00d6\u011fretmen okullar\u0131na da (T\u00fcrk pedagoji mekteplerine de) birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra son verildi.
8. T\u00fcrk tiyatrolar\u0131n\u0131n faaliyetlerine son verildi. Burada Yusuf Kerim\u2019in S\u00fcleyman Aleskerov\u2019a elden g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektuplar\u0131ndan birinden \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 okuyal\u0131m:<\/div>\n
\u2026 Yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k i\u015flerin ne kadar da sevindirici. Allah koysun, hep b\u00f6yle devam etsin. \u00f6nce m\u00fcsaade buyur, halk artisti fahri unvan\u0131n\u0131 ve profes\u00f6r unvan\u0131n\u0131 candan g\u00f6n\u00fclden tebrik edeyim. Ellerinden hasretle s\u0131kar b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar dilerim.<\/div>\n
Benim i\u015flerim baresinde neler yazay\u0131m. Tiyatrolar ba\u011fland\u0131, benden sevindirici haber beklenemez. Bilirsin tiyatro benim can\u0131md\u0131. Biz onu hi\u00e7 yoktan var ettik, tam ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerine basaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada hepsi bitti gitti. Bakihanov yolda\u015fla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ma sevindim. Onun operetas\u0131 \u201cMehmedali Kurorta Gidir\u201d bende var. Plastinkas\u0131n\u0131 sen vermi\u015ftin. Sahiden de \u00e7ok iyi ve mihriban bir arkada\u015f.<\/div>\n
Karde\u015fim S\u00fcleyman, \u00f6z\u00fcr isterim beni ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla makina ile yaz\u0131yorum mektubu. \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bende son zamanda sinir oldu. Asabile\u015ftim. El yazmam\u0131 kendim bile okuyam\u0131yorum. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc makineye ba\u015fvurdum, ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla!<\/div>\n
Sahiden de sizi \u00e7ok g\u00f6resim geldi. Akg\u00fcl muallime ile bize konak gelin. \u00c7ok sevineceyik. Ne zaman dersen ben davetiye g\u00f6nderirim.<\/div>\n
Emin olun biz sizi hemi\u015fe hat\u0131rl\u0131yoruz. Unutmuyoruz. Sizi her hat\u0131rlad\u0131k\u00e7a tiyatronun o alt\u0131n devri yad\u0131ma geliyor, bir de \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc kapl\u0131yor i\u00e7imi. Ke\u015fke bu \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc olmasayd\u0131.<\/div>\n
Sofya
Sizi candan seven ve hi\u00e7 unutmayan dostunuz.
28 V 1982<\/div>\n
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Yusuf Kerim\u2019in S\u00fcleyman Aleskerov\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektuplar\u0131ndan biri.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
9. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ders kitaplar\u0131 ve sanat eserlerinin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131na son verildi, \u201cNarodna Prosveta\u201d (Halk E\u011fitimi) Yay\u0131nevi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u015eubesi kapat\u0131ld\u0131.
10. Ba\u015ftan \u201cEyl\u00fclc\u00fc \u00c7ocuk\u201d, \u201cHalk Gen\u00e7li\u011fi\u201d gazeteleri \u201cFiliz\u201d , \u201cPiyoner\u201d \u00e7ocuk dergilerinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na son verildi. Sonralar\u0131 \u201cYeni I\u015f\u0131k\u201d gazetesi yar\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve yar\u0131 Bulgarca \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ocak 1985 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren de tamam\u0131yla Bulgarca bir gazete olarak \u00e7\u0131kmaya devam etti. \u201cYeni Hayat\u201d dergisi de ba\u015ftan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, sonra T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-Bulgarca olarak \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ocak 1985\u2019ten sonra da, yani T\u00fcrklerin Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olaylar\u0131ndan sonra da \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 durduruldu.
11. Ocak 1985 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda Sofya Radyosunda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131nlar da yasakland\u0131. 1985\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131nda Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131rma olaylar\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fmak yasakland\u0131 ve Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya bildirildi. Y\u00fczy\u0131l geriye d\u00f6nerek \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihleri \u00e7oktan unutulmu\u015f T\u00fcrklerin de adlar\u0131 Bulgar adlar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. Ar\u015fivlerde T\u00fcrk adlar\u0131 silindi, yerlerine Hristiyan Bulgar adlar\u0131 yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Mezar ta\u015flar\u0131nda da T\u00fcrk ad\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131. 1985\u2019te Moskova\u2019dan Bak\u00fc Pedagoji \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Afat Gurbanov\u2019a bir emir gelir ve ellilerde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrk adlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine \u00dcniversite ar\u015fivlerinde Bulgar adlar\u0131 yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 istenir. Rekt\u00f6r Prof. Dr. Afat Gurbanov b\u00f6yle bir emri tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lar ve ar\u015fivlerde herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fini nazik bir bi\u00e7imde Moskova\u2019ya bildirir.<\/div>\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck tarih\u00ee emelleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine baz\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcnler verilmi\u015f, baz\u0131 fedak\u00e2rl\u0131klar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Emeller suya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce de Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri soyk\u0131r\u0131ma u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin bu facias\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi, Azerbaycan\u2019da da yak\u0131ndan izlenmekteydi. 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgar \u015fark\u0131c\u0131 Emil Dimitrov Bak\u00fc \u2018ye konser vermeye gitti\u011finde Bak\u00fc\u2019l\u00fc karde\u015flerimiz Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrklere uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 protesto etmek amac\u0131yla meydanlara d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcler, mitingler d\u00fczenlediler. Emil Dimitrov\u2019un konser vermesine imk\u00e2n vermeyerek onu ilk kalkan u\u00e7akla Moskova\u2019ya kovdular. Bu haberler Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri m\u00fccadelelerinde g\u00fc\u00e7 veriyordu.<\/div>\n
\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle ellilerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lan e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nma Moskova taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendiriliyor, Bulgarlar taraf\u0131ndan uygulan\u0131yordu, icra ediliyordu. Ancak ellilerin sonuna varmadan Bulgar kom\u00fcnistleri t\u00fcm okullar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kapatt\u0131 ve a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 t\u00fcm k\u00fclt\u00fcr ocaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc karanl\u0131k g\u00fcnler ya\u015fad\u0131. T\u00fcm zorluklara ra\u011fmen bilim alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilen birka\u00e7 bilim insan\u0131 ayakta kalabilmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan Prof. Dr. Cengiz Hakov (tarih\u00e7i), Do\u00e7. Dr. Halil E. Recebov (felsefeci), Prof. Dr. Ahmet Sadullov (tarih\u00e7i), Prof. Dr. Hayriye Memova-S\u00fcleymanova Yenisoy (dilci) ve Prof. Dr. \u00dczeyir Zeynalov (biyofizik\u00e7i) bilim alan\u0131nda y\u00fckselmelerini Azeri bilim adamlar\u0131na, sayg\u0131de\u011fer hocalar\u0131na bor\u00e7ludurlar. C. Hakov, H. Recebov ve A. Sadullov Bak\u00fc\u2019de \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. H. Memova- S\u00fcleymanova (Yenisoy) ve \u00dc. Zeynalov Sofya \u00dcniversitesi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitim yapan B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin ilk mezunlar\u0131ndan olmu\u015f, sonralar\u0131 ise Bak\u00fc\u2019de doktora yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Bulgaristan\u2019da 10 Kas\u0131m 1989 tarihinde kom\u00fcnistler iktidardan indi ve \u00fclkede bir demokratikle\u015fme s\u00fcreci ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu yeni durumda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1993 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 T\u00fcrk genci T\u00fcrkiye \u2018ye gelerek \u00fcniversitelerde ve y\u00fcksek okullarda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rmektedirler. Mezunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora yapm\u0131\u015f ve yapmaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6\u011frencilerin hepsi T\u00fcrk devletinden burs al\u0131yor ve yurtlarda kal\u0131yorlar. 1992 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana her y\u0131l yaz aylar\u0131nda belirli say\u0131da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmenleri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye gelerek kurs g\u00f6rmektedirler. Birka\u00e7 gen\u00e7 de radyo ve televizyon kurslar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine yard\u0131m\u0131 do\u011fald\u0131r ve gelecekte de devam edecektir. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra Azeri karde\u015flerimiz de i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 baz\u0131 ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ellili y\u0131llar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi \u015fimdi de Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilirler ve e\u011fitim, bilim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u0131nda eleman yeti\u015ftirebilirler. Bu hususta ilk ad\u0131mlar da at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. Son 1989\u2019un B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnde 15.000\u2019i a\u015fk\u0131n Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7e zorland\u0131 ve Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 terk etmek mecburiyetinde b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin ayd\u0131n z\u00fcmreye ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu az\u0131nl\u0131k Azeri karde\u015flerine minnettard\u0131r. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin k\u00fclt\u00fcr tarihinde Azeri ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 alt\u0131n sayfalar b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\"saz\"<\/div>\n
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KAYNAKLAR<\/strong>
1. \u201c\u0412\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u044a\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u044e\u0441\u044e\u043b\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u201d, \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f, 1994.
2. Hakov, C., Azerbaycan-T\u00fcrk Diasporas\u0131, Kaynak, 2007, 6.
3. Yenisoy, H. S\u00fcleymano\u011flu, 1877\/1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131ndan Bu Yana Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e E\u011fitim Sorunlar\u0131, \u0130kinci Uluslararas\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Dili Kurultay\u0131, (\u0130hsan Do\u011framac\u0131\u2019ya Arma\u011fan). Bi\u015fkek, 2007, 16-40.
4. \u0425\u04d9\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0412., \u0421\u0443\u043b\u0435j\u043c\u0430\u043d \u04d8\u043b\u04d9\u0441\u049d\u04d9\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0411\u0430\u043a\u044b, 1989.<\/div>\n
Not:<\/strong>\u00a0\u015eu yaz\u0131y\u0131 Yalquzaq.com-a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi i\u00e7in Hayriye Han\u0131m\u0131n o\u011flu Say\u0131n Erhan S\u00fcleymano\u011flu`ya te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederiz.<\/em><\/div>\n
Reklamlar<\/div>