<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun \u00f6nemle de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi meselelerden birisi maarif meselesi olmu\u015ftur. Bu meselenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesinde, etnik gruplar aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011fa meydan verilmemi\u015f, imparatorluk s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 dahilinde b\u00fct\u00fcn milletler maarif meselesini garantiye ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela Bulgaristan\u2019daki Bulgar okullar\u0131, \u201cGabrovo Bulgar Lisesi\u201dne var\u0131ncaya kadar imparatorlu\u011fun maddi deste\u011fiyle kurulmu\u015f ve birer bilim oca\u011f\u0131 haline getirilmi\u015flerdir. Bulgar okullar\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmen kadrosu sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla her y\u0131l y\u00fczlerce Bulgar gencin, \u0130stanbul, Edirne ve \u0130zmir\u2019in \u00e7e\u015fitli okullar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rmeleri i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn imkanlar sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.T\u00fcrk,bulgar ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, hatta Bulgarlar taraf\u0131ndan faaliyetleri, eylemleri tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanan ve \u201czararl\u0131\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fclen Bulgar ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 (papaz, \u00f6\u011fretmen, yazar, siyaset\u00e7i\u2026vb) imparatorlu\u011fun g\u00f6be\u011fi \u0130stanbul\u2019a yerle\u015ferek, Ruslar\u2019\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131yla imparatorluk aleyhine faaliyetlerini bizzat \u0130stanbulda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r<\/p>\n
Rus-T\u00fcrk sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Bulgar T\u00fcrkleri\u2019nin.maarif meselesi ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak girdaba s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131na maddi ve manevi bask\u0131lar uygulanm\u0131\u015ftir. Ge\u00e7ici Bulgar iktidar\u0131, t\u00fcrklerin maarif meselesine sahip \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 yerde T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fcklemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bir avu\u00e7 iman sahibi t\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn bask\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131, haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunma sava\u015f\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayakta tutabilmek i\u00e7in azami gayret g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir. Fakat yeni ve zaman\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201c\u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u201d \u00f6\u011fretim sistemine g\u00f6t\u00fcren b\u00fct\u00fcn yollar, yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn kal\u0131plar merhametsizce kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131na maddi ve manevi destek, planl\u0131-programl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretim, T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmenlerine devlet yard\u0131m\u0131, ders araclar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gibi y\u00fczlerce mesele ask\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Uyan\u0131k T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 bu ve bunabenzer konular\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde, bilin\u00e7li bir \u00f6rg\u00fcte ihtiya\u00e7 duymu\u015flarsada, XX y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar bask\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmekten \u00e7ekinmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri\u2019nin maarif meselesiyle ilgili cesaretli ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ancak 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nc\u00fcl\u00fck edenlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Ali Fehmi Bey, Haf\u0131z Abdullah Me\u00e7ik, Tahir L\u00fctf\u00fc Bey, Ali Haydar Tner, Osman Nuri Peremeci, Ahmet \u0130hsan gibi t\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 gelmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi modern ve milli maarif yanl\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ali Fehmi Bey Rus-T\u00fcrk sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra ayilecek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015flerdir. \u0130stanbul\u2019da M\u00fclkiyede okumu\u015f, \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimini (Siyasal Bilimler) tamamlay\u0131nca yurda d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. K\u0131rklareli\u2019nde bir lisede bir ka\u00e7 y\u0131l Frans\u0131zca \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi ve okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra yine Bulgaristan\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. Burda \u201cGayret\u201d gazetesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, daha sonra Filibe\u2019de \u201cMuvazene\u201d ve \u201cAhali\u201c gazetelerini \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir. Ali Fehmi Bey, 1907\u2019den sonra diplomatik hayata at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Afganistan\u2019da ve Sofya\u2019daki T\u00fcrkiye el\u00e7iliklerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>