{"id":19363,"date":"2016-06-18T02:07:22","date_gmt":"2016-06-17T23:07:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=19363"},"modified":"2016-06-23T00:57:42","modified_gmt":"2016-06-22T21:57:42","slug":"baskanlik-sisteminde-turkiye-modeli-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/baskanlik-sisteminde-turkiye-modeli-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemi -Giri\u015f-"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/BG-SAM.jpg?resize=318%2C452\" alt=\"BG-SAM - Bulgaristan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\" width=\"318\" height=\"452\" \/>BGSAM<\/p>\n<p>Konu: <strong>Demokrasinin Geli\u015fmesinde 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131l A\u015famas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sisteminde T\u00fcrkiye Modeli<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-1522738691\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Uzun bir yola \u00e7\u0131kan insanlar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fckleri yolun sonunda dallar\u0131 meyve y\u00fckl\u00fc bir cennet bah\u00e7esine varacaklar diye bir \u015fey yoktur. Y\u00fcr\u00fcye y\u00fcr\u00fcye s\u0131cak \u00e7\u00f6llere ya da buz da\u011flar\u0131na varanlar da olur. Vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere al\u0131\u015fmakta zorlanan ya da buldu\u011funun k\u0131ymetini bilemeyenler az de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Devletin ve toplumun geli\u015fmesini de bir \u0131rmak \u00fczerinde y\u00fczen bir tekne olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek, d\u00fcmen tutan\u0131 ve k\u00fcrek \u00e7ekeni yoksa bir k\u0131y\u0131ya \u00e7arpaca\u011f\u0131ndan emin olabilirsiniz. Belki de bu y\u00fczden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski medeniyetlerinden \u00c7in&#8217;de Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131na \u0130mparatorla birlikte bir de d\u00fcmenci demi\u015flerdir.\u00a0 Her halk\u0131n devlet ve imparatorluk kuramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi her soydan ve ulustan d\u00fcmenci \u00e7\u0131kmaz.<\/p>\n<p>16 devlet kuran T\u00fcrk ulusu insanl\u0131k tarihine bu bak\u0131ma \u00e7ok zengin deneyimler kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, hatta Osmanl\u0131 deneyimleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda en ileri demokrasiyi y\u00f6neten Amerikan Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sisteminin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda en \u00e7ok faydalan\u0131lan zengin kaynak olmu\u015ftur. Kom\u015fumuz Bulgarlar birka\u00e7 devlet kursalar da, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kurulan III. Bulgar \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015f mimar\u0131 olan Ferdinand Saks-Koburg-Gotski&#8217;yi Avusturya&#8217;dan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. O g\u00fcnden sonra 138 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine kar\u015f\u0131n, 2016 Ekim&#8217;inde yap\u0131lacak Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinde denge sa\u011flayacak aday olarak, onun torunu olan, 50 y\u0131l \u0130spanya&#8217;da ya\u015famak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lan II. Semiyon&#8217;u, bug\u00fcn de aday g\u00f6stermeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Devlet bilgeli\u011fi ve gelenekleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyada en zengin ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip miras\u0131 ya\u015fatan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti ise yar\u0131m as\u0131rdan uzun bir zamandan beri devam eden Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sonu\u00e7land\u0131rma noktas\u0131na geldi. Biz Bulgaristanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrklerin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de geli\u015fen s\u00fcre\u00e7leri izlememiz olduk\u00e7a zor oldu. \u00c7ok uzun y\u0131llar T\u00fcrkiye \u00fcst\u00fcne bilgilenmemiz engellendi. Bir\u00e7ok konuda do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst bilgi alamasak da, atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Edirne, Gelibolu, \u00c7anakkale ve Sakarya Sava\u015flar\u0131, onlar\u0131n anlatt\u0131 bitmeyen hat\u0131ralar, kahramanl\u0131k ve insan severlik an\u0131lar\u0131 ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Atat\u00fcrk&#8217; \u00fcn\u00a0 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi ve devlet bi\u00e7imi ho\u015f g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc, umut dolu yeti\u015fmemize yetti de artt\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetinin devlet bi\u00e7imi ve gelece\u011fi konusunda son s\u00f6z\u00fcn her zaman T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funa ve bizim de bu b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00f6kten oldu\u011fumuzdan kaynaklanan k\u0131vanc\u0131m\u0131z her zaman sonsuz olmu\u015ftur. Biz bu b\u00fcy\u00fck co\u015fkuyla kanatlanarak 1989&#8217;dan beri\u00a0 710 bin ki\u015fi anavatanda ay y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 bayra\u011f\u0131m\u0131z alt\u0131nda topland\u0131k. 10 A\u011fustos 2014&#8217;te yap\u0131lan 12. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7iminde oyumuzu\u00a0 Recep Tayyip ERDO\u011eAN&#8217; a verdik ve % 51,79 oyla topluma y\u00f6n veren \u00f6nc\u00fc alay\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>1918&#8217;de 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k imparatorluk y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0 Bu y\u0131k\u0131mdan 44 devlet \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\u00a0 \u00d6nemle belirtmek isterim\u00a0 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan ve olmayan T\u00fcrk&#8217;ten gayr\u0131 unsurlar anavatan\u0131 arkadan vururken, biz Rumeli, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerin g\u00f6z\u00fc al bayra\u011f\u0131m\u0131za asla ihanet etmedi. T\u00fcrkler Osmanl\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fini olumsuzlarken kendi kendine y\u00f6neldi ve kendi \u00f6z\u00fcnden dirildi.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2512147908\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>29 Ekim 1923&#8217;te Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk liderli\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti kuruldu. T\u00fcrkler 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda me\u015fru bir parlamenter d\u00fczenle y\u00f6netildi. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet\u00a0 bir kopya de\u011fildi. Mazlum halklar\u0131n kurtulu\u015f tarihini ba\u015flatan bir \u015fafak y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131yd\u0131. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti T\u00fcrk toplumunun geli\u015ferek zenginle\u015fen ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve medeniyet d\u00fczeyini yans\u0131t\u0131yor. Kaydedilen\u00a0 ilerleme, Ankara&#8217;daki Atat\u00fcrk bulvar\u0131 gibi d\u00fcz ve geni\u015f yolca olmad\u0131. Doru\u011funda Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemi olan bu dik yolda engel ve \u00e7eli\u015fkiler a\u015f\u0131la a\u015f\u0131la uzla\u015fa uzla\u015fa ilerlendi. Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnya birincilerinin aras\u0131nda yer alan vatan\u0131m\u0131z kendi iradesiyle kurdu\u011fu devletin \u00f6z g\u00fcc\u00fcyle\u00a0 y\u00fcceldi. D\u00fcnya halklar\u0131 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda &#8220;B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkiye&#8221; y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n parlamas\u0131n\u0131 ve Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu ve K\u0131ta Avrupa&#8217;s\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etkisi alt\u0131na girmesini sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kla bekliyorlar. Yeni y\u00fczy\u0131l arenas\u0131nda zaman\u0131 dolmu\u015f idare bi\u00e7imleri ile hayata \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f modern tam ba\u015fkanl\u0131k,\u00a0 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k\u00a0 sistemleri y\u00fczle\u015fiyor. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin \u00fcniter devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 ile Amerikan ba\u015fkan yetkilerinin bulu\u015ftu\u011fu yerde \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir sentez olu\u015fuyor. Halka yay\u0131lan bu fikirlerden uzmanca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler yeti\u015fiyor, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti yeni y\u00fczy\u0131lda devlet kuruculu\u011funda Bat\u0131 ile Do\u011fu&#8217;nun \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<h3>Devlet y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 siyaset tarihi kadar eskidir. Eflatun\u00a0 (M.\u00d6. 429 -347) bu sonras\u0131z kavga \u00e7\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 Atina&#8217;da Platon \u00a0Akademisi&#8217;nde tiranl\u0131k ve demokrasi ba\u011fda\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fcrs\u00fcye ta\u015f\u0131makla yakt\u0131. Teori ve ideolojiyi siyasete ta\u015f\u0131yan bu kavgan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc 1787&#8217;de kabul edilen Amerika Birle\u015fik Devleri Anayasas\u0131&#8217;d\u0131r. Ne ki, Amerika Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemi bizdeki gibi Parlamentarizmin tarihsel geli\u015fmenin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fildir. Kurucu Meclis&#8217;te hayat bulmu\u015ftur. Avrupa Parlamentarizmi \u00f6rnekler de \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 olup \u00fclkelerin kendi \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Bizim en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zelli\u011fimiz kendimize \u00f6zg\u00fc bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ve zihniyete sahip olmam\u0131zla birlikte T\u00fcrk ulusunun do\u011fal vas\u0131flar\u0131yla\u00a0 lider do\u011furup yeti\u015ftirebilmesinde gizlenir. Her halk kendine ait \u00f6zg\u00fcn d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi d\u00fcnya tarihini de\u011fi\u015ftiren lider de yeti\u015ftiremez. Birinci Murat&#8217;\u0131n Rumeli&#8217;ye hakim olmas\u0131; Fatih Sultan&#8217;\u0131n Bizans&#8217;\u0131 yenmesi; Sultan S\u00fcleyman&#8217;\u0131n 5 k\u0131taya yay\u0131lan en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fcnya imparatorlu\u011funu kurmas\u0131; Mustafa Kemal&#8217;in d\u00fcnya emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle ba\u015f ederek T\u00fcrk ruhunu Cumhuriyette birle\u015ftirmesi ve R.Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u00a0 \u00f6nderli\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la sosyal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 devlet olarak girmesi, tarih yazan \u00f6rneklerden yaln\u0131z birka\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 D\u00fcnya art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye bak\u0131yor, T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6rne\u011fini izliyor.<\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda tek partili sisteminden \u00e7ok partili parlamenter demokrasiye b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi ba\u015far\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren T\u00fcrkiye, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemini siyaset g\u00fcndemine ana konu olarak ta\u015f\u0131yarak girdi. Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi (AK Parti) 2003&#8217;ten beri Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve parlamento \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc ile y\u00f6netti. Haziran 2015 genel se\u00e7imlerinden sonra bu y\u00f6netim sisteminde yasama organ\u0131 kilitlendi, h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurulamad\u0131. Siyasi kriz ya\u015fand\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n Kas\u0131m\u0131nda yap\u0131lan erken se\u00e7imle bu gerginlik ba\u015far\u0131yla a\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken devlet i\u00e7inde yeni bir yap\u0131lanmaya hemen gidilmesinin zorunlu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmeyen kalmad\u0131.\u00a0 Bunu gerekli k\u0131lan en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7se ekonomide olu\u015fan &#8220;B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkiye&#8221; hamleleri oldu. Ekonominin yans\u0131mas\u0131 olan siyaset zamana ayak uyduramaz olmu\u015ftu.<\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>\u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fcnyada ba\u015fkanlar y\u00fcr\u00fctmede &#8220;sava\u015f ilan etme&#8221; hakk\u0131ndan ba\u015fka t\u00fcm temsil ve y\u00f6netim haklar\u0131na sahiptir. Bu, tam ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemiyle y\u00f6netilen ABD, Rusya ve daha bir\u00e7ok irili ufakl\u0131 G\u00fcney Amerika\u00a0 \u00fclkede b\u00f6yledir. Ba\u015fkana tan\u0131nan anayasal haklar\u0131 egemenlik, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, huzur, birlik ve beraberli\u011fin teminat\u0131d\u0131r. Yar\u0131 Ba\u015fkanl\u0131kla y\u00f6netilen Fransa gibi devletlerde y\u00fcr\u00fctme i\u015flerinde ba\u015fbakan ve bakanlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ba\u015fkanlar parlamentoda \u00e7o\u011funluk olan, s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en, \u00e7o\u011fu kez T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki gibi y\u00f6nettikleri partinin kurucu lideridir.\u00a0 Bu vas\u0131flar,\u00a0 Meclis ve Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerde elde edilen ba\u015far\u0131larla, partinin meclisteki grubu \u00fczerinde s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z n\u00fcfuz ve otoriteyle, halk\u0131n sevgi ve sayg\u0131s\u0131yla peki\u015fir. T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6rne\u011finde AK Parti, y\u00fcr\u00fctmeye hakimdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tek ba\u015f\u0131na defalarca h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmu\u015ftur. 14 y\u0131ldan beri \u00fclkeyi tek partili y\u00f6neterek ba\u015far\u0131dan ba\u015far\u0131ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilmi\u015ftir. Yasamaya da hakimdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc parlamentoda \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fa sahiptir. Bu durumda h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ba\u015f\u0131 yani ba\u015fbakan , ayn\u0131 zamanda meclis \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun parti ba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r. Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, biz bug\u00fcn bu tip parlamenter rejimin Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemine b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecini izliyoruz. Bu y\u00fckseli\u015fte T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti T\u00fcrk tipi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemi\u00a0 yarat\u0131yor. Konumuz i\u015fte bu s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1837417276\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BGSAM Konu: Demokrasinin Geli\u015fmesinde 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131l A\u015famas\u0131 Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sisteminde T\u00fcrkiye Modeli &nbsp; Giri\u015f Uzun bir yola \u00e7\u0131kan insanlar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fckleri yolun sonunda dallar\u0131 meyve y\u00fckl\u00fc bir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-52j","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19363","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19363"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19363\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}