{"id":19145,"date":"2016-05-31T00:57:20","date_gmt":"2016-05-30T21:57:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=19145"},"modified":"2016-05-31T00:57:20","modified_gmt":"2016-05-30T21:57:20","slug":"insansiz-hava-araclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/insansiz-hava-araclari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsans\u0131z Hava Ara\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131, pilotlu u\u00e7aklarca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinin \u00e7ok riskli oldu\u011fu g\u00f6revlerde kullan\u0131lan silahlar haline geliyor ve \u00fcretici \u00fclkele\u00adrin elinde giderek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir d\u0131\u015f politika arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Baz\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde &#8220;hava strateji\u00adsi&#8221; de de\u011fi\u015fiyor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla egemenlik ihlalleri s\u0131k s\u0131k ya\u015fa\u00adnacak, bu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n men\u015fei ve y\u00f6netim merkezlerinin tespitinin zorlu\u011fu ve karma\u015f\u0131k kullan\u0131m sistem\u00adleri, zihinlerde ve havada karga\u015fa yaratacak.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/dronewarsuk.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/06\/predator-firing-missile4.jpg?resize=640%2C480\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/p>\n<p>ABD &#8220;ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele&#8221; stratejisi\u00adni de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. Pentagon, co\u011f\u00adrafi ve siyasi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlayan uzaydan daha fazla faydalana\u00adcak, yeni\u00a0&#8220;ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele&#8221; stratejisi \u00e7er\u00ad\u00e7evesinde Irak ve Afganistan&#8217;daki gibi maliyeti y\u00fcksek kara sava\u015flar\u0131 yerine, insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklarla hedefi belli sald\u0131r\u0131lara ve \u00f6zel operasyonlara a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verecek. \u0130ki y\u0131ld\u0131r haz\u0131rlanmakta olan bu yeni doktrinin Bush y\u00f6netimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda izle nen &#8220;ter\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 k\u00fcresel sava\u015f&#8221; siyase\u00adtinden planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ayr\u0131lma anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n<p>ABD&#8217;nin izleyece\u011fi yeni strateji, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz May\u0131s ay\u0131nda Pakistan&#8217;da d\u00fczen\u00adlenen ve el-Kaide \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn lideri Usa\u00adme Bin Ladin&#8217;in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc operasyon ile Ba\u015fkan Barack Obama&#8217;n\u0131n bu yaz Af\u00adganistan&#8217;daki Amerikan askerlerinin geri \u00e7ekilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 izledi. Beyaz Saray&#8217;\u0131n ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele ba\u015fkan\u0131 John Brennan, yeniden \u015fekillenen doktrinde, ABD i\u00e7indeki ter\u00f6r tehdidinin artmakta oldu\u011fu ve el Kaide&#8217;nin ABD i\u00e7inde eylemci yeti\u015ftirme ve sald\u0131r\u0131 planlama giri\u015fimlerinde bulundu\u011fu unsurlar\u0131na yer verildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Brennan, Washing\u00adton&#8217;da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgilendirmede, ABD i\u00e7inde militan yeti\u015ftirilmesi giri\u015fimleriyle m\u00fccadeleye daha fazla para harcanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ABD&#8217;yi maliyeti y\u00fcksek deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 i\u015fgallere \u00e7ekerek ekonomik tahribat yaratmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan el Kaide taktiklerine kar\u015f\u0131 konulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n<p>Johns Hopkins \u00dcniversitesi Uluslarara\u00ads\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde konu\u015fan Brennan,<em>&#8220;En iyi sald\u0131r\u0131 \u015feklimiz, her zaman, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck ordular konu\u015fland\u0131rmak \u015feklinde olmayacak. Bizi tehdit eden gruplara kar\u015f\u0131 hedefi belirlenmi\u015f, cerrahi giri\u015fimlerde bulunaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/em>&#8221; dedi. Eski bir CIA g\u00f6revlisi olan Brennan, Pakistan&#8217;daki militanlara ve ender olarak da Yemen gibi \u00fclkelerdeki gruplara y\u00f6nelik, silahl\u0131 ve insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklarla d\u00fczenlenen gizli sald\u0131r\u0131lara \u00f6zel olarak de\u011finmemekle birlikte, bu alanda benzeri olmayan olanaklar sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7abalar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Brennan&#8217;\u0131n, bu s\u00f6zleriyle Basra K\u00f6rfezi b\u00f6lgesinde, CIA&#8217;e ba\u011fl\u0131, insans\u0131z u\u00e7ak \u00fcss\u00fc in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi, gizli tutulan programlar\u0131 ima etti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. B\u00f6ylesi bir \u00fcsten Yemen ve b\u00f6lgede ki militanlara y\u00f6nelik operasyonlara giri\u015filebilece\u011fi belirtiliyor. Amerikan Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, son on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Afganistan, Irak ve Pakistan&#8217;daki operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek \u00fczere, filosuna binlerce insans\u0131z\/otomatik u\u00e7ak ekledi; bununla bir\u00adlikte teknolojide bir dizi yenilik ba\u015flatan Amerika, bu \u015fekilde modern sava\u015f tekniklerini yeniden tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f oldular. Ancak kaydedilen bu ilerlemeler i\u00e7inden sadece birisi -uzaktan kumandayla pilotlu olarak u\u00e7an u\u00e7ak (di\u011fer ismiyle RPA veya insan\u00ads\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131) Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n Orta Do\u011fu misyonlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde di\u011ferlerinden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etki do\u011furdu.<\/p>\n<p>ABD ordusunun insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan filosu, Ekim 2001&#8217;de (yani Amerikan muharip operasyonlar\u0131 Afganistan&#8217;da ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada) 54 u\u00e7aktan olu\u015furken, Afganistan, Irak ve Pakistan&#8217;daki denetim, ke\u015fif ve sald\u0131r\u0131 misyon\u00adlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere \u015fimdi toplamda 4.000 insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131na y\u00fckseldi. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda Amerikan ordusun\u00adda 6.000&#8217;den fazla insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bulunuyor ve ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler, bu tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 u\u00e7aklar\u0131 (tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc militanlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu kadar masum sivillerin de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden dolay\u0131 su\u00e7lan\u0131yor), \u00e7ok daha zeki ve h\u00fcnerli yapmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1362734191\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kendileri, yeni bir kavram de\u011fil; k\u00f6kenleri 1840&#8217;lara dek uzan\u0131yor. Ancak yeni olan \u015fey \u015fu: 9\/11&#8217;den bu yana, art\u0131k \u00fczerlerine bir dizi sens\u00f6r ve silah y\u00fcklenebiliyor ve bir joy\u00adstick ve video ekran\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131yla, muhare\u00adbe alan\u0131n\u0131n binlerce kilometre \u00f6tesinden, e\u011fitimli operat\u00f6rler taraf\u0131ndan kontrol ediliyor. &#8220;<em>11 Eyl\u00fcl&#8217;den beri ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen en \u00f6nemli \u015feylerden biri de, denkler aras\u0131 sava\u015ftan d\u00fczensiz sava\u015fa do\u011fru bir ka\u00ady\u0131\u015f,<\/em>&#8221; diyor Amerikan Hava Kuvvetleri ba\u015f bilimcisi Mark Maybury. RPA&#8217;lar, Amerikan birliklerinin ve onlar\u0131n m\u00fcttefiklerinin, s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fi\u015fime ayak uy durmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor; izleri zor bulunan d\u00fc\u015fmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 istihbarat ve sald\u0131r\u0131 deste\u011fi sa\u011fl\u0131yor. \u0130nsans\u0131z u\u00e7aklar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, ordunun bir\u00e7ok kesiminde ve CIA&#8217;de yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Zaten CIA, insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklar\u0131n en eski kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan.<\/p>\n<p>Kongre B\u00fct\u00e7e Ofisi&#8217;nin Haziran ay\u0131n\u00adda yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporuna g\u00f6re, Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n &#8220;mevcut operasyonlar i\u00e7in daha fazla insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 sat\u0131n alma, mevcut sistemleri iyile\u015ftirme ve gelecekte \u00e7ok daha yetenekli u\u00e7aklar tasarlama&#8221; y\u00f6n\u00fcnde planlar\u0131 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Kongre B\u00fct\u00e7e Ofisi&#8217;nin Haziran ay\u0131nda ya\u00ady\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporuna g\u00f6re, Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n &#8220;mevcut operasyonlar i\u00e7in da\u00adha fazla insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 sat\u0131n alma, mevcut sistemleri iyile\u015ftirme ve gelecekte \u00e7ok daha yetenekli u\u00e7aklar tasarlama&#8221; y\u00f6n\u00fcnde planlar\u0131 bulunuyor. Kongre B\u00fct\u00e7e Ofisi&#8217;nin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerine bak\u0131l\u0131r sa, Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, b\u00fcnyesi i\u00e7inde bulunan farkl\u0131 birimlere 730 yeni orta ve b\u00fc\u00ady\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli insans\u0131z u\u00e7ak katarak, yakla\u015f\u0131k 36,9 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir harcamada bulunacak.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, 162 y\u0131l \u00f6nce\u00adsine gidiyor: 1849 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avusturya, Venedik&#8217;in \u00fczerine bomba ya\u011fd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in pilotsuz balonlar kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Scientific American dergisinin o d\u00f6nemde aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na kulak verirsek: &#8220;Uygun bir r\u00fczg\u00e2r oldu\u011fu takdirde, s\u00f6z konusu balonlar f\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca Venedik&#8217;e yak\u0131n bir noktaya do\u011fru y\u00f6neltilirdi. Kentin \u00fczerine do\u011fru dikey pozisyonda duran bu balonlar, bak\u0131r bir tel ve geni\u015f bir galvanik batarya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, elektro manyetizm yoluyla ate\u015flenirdi. Bomba dikey olarak d\u00fc\u015fer ve ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczeyde patlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>20.y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda, Amerikan ordusu, sahte hedef olarak kullanmak veya Birinci ve ikinci D\u00fcnya Sa\u00adva\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fman hedeflerini vurmak \u00fczere b\u00fcnyesine uzaktan kumandal\u0131 u\u00e7aklar ald\u0131. 1950&#8217;lerden itibaren, s\u00f6z konusu u\u00e7aklar; kamera\u00adlar, sens\u00f6rler, ileti\u015fim ekipmanlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer ara\u00e7 y\u00fcklerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla, askeri birlikleri destekleme\u00adye ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130nsans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n modern a\u00e7\u0131dan kullan\u0131m\u0131, 1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2622786078\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc.&#8217;in \u00fcretti\u011fi Predat\u00f6rler ise, 1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda if\u015fa edildi ve Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n denetim ve ke\u015fif ama\u00e7l\u0131 Kosova hava tatbikat\u0131 (1999) s\u0131ras\u0131nda konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 20 metrelik bir kanat a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunan Predat\u00f6rler, ilk olarak Ekim 2001&#8217;de Afganistan&#8217;da Sonsuz \u00d6z\u00adg\u00fcrl\u00fck Operasyonu&#8217;na istihbarat ve sald\u0131r\u0131 yetene\u011fi sa\u011flamak \u00fczere kullan\u0131ld\u0131. CIA&#8217;in kontrol\u00fcndeki bir Predat\u00f6r u\u00e7ak, 3 Kas\u0131m 2002&#8217;de Yemen&#8217;de El Kaide ter\u00f6risti oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenilen alt\u0131 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Amerikan Bilimadamlar\u0131 Federasyonu FAS&#8217;a g\u00f6re; bu, silahl\u0131 bir Predat\u00f6r&#8217;\u00fcn, Afganistan gibi bir sava\u015f alan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sald\u0131r\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 ilk kullan\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thenypost.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/12\/drones-101.jpg?resize=640%2C426\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Sadece ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l ABD Hava Kuvvetleri, RPA&#8217;larla 400&#8217;den fazla silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 organize etti. RPA&#8217;lar 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda, misyonlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda 30.000 saatlik video ve 11.000 adet y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00adl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6rsel \u00e7ektiler. Onlara uzaktan kumandayla pilotlu olarak u\u00e7an u\u00e7ak deniyor; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc asl\u0131nda onlar\u0131 kullananlar, hem pilot hem de sens\u00f6r operat\u00f6rleri.<\/p>\n<p>ABD Hava Kuvvetleri&#8217;nin RPA&#8217;lar\u0131 geni\u015f \u00e7apta konumland\u0131rmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ise, 9-11 sonras\u0131na rastlar. Keza, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda faaliyette olan sadece bir RPA bulunmaktayd\u0131. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda Hava Kuvvetleri&#8217;nin elinde, orta ve geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklar\u00addan en az d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 model bulunuyor. 175 Predat\u00f6r u\u00e7a\u011fa ek olarak, 14 adet jet tahrikli Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawks da bulunuyor. Bu u\u00e7aklar, kanat geni\u015flikleri 35 ila 40 metre aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen ve Hava Kuvvetleri&#8217;nin filosundaki en ge\u00adni\u015f RPA&#8217;lar. Bu sene filoya 40 turbo g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc General Atomics MQ 9 Reaper da girecek. Bunlar, Predat\u00f6rlerin daha geni\u015f versiyonlar\u0131. Hava Kuvvetleri, ayr\u0131ca, Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel kullan\u0131\u00adyor. Bu u\u00e7aklar, CBO&#8217;nun aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, &#8220;Kabi\u00adliyetleri Hava Kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce fark edilen, gizli ke\u015fif u\u00e7aklar\u0131&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Hava Kuvvetleri, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz sene, tarihinde ilk kez sabit kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7ak pilotlar\u0131ndan daha fazla say\u0131\u00adda RPA pilotu yeti\u015ftirdi. RPA&#8217;lar, genellikle, tam- devinimli kameralar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, gece g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc sa\u011fla yan k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi kameralarla, haberle\u015fme a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 gizlice dinlemeye yarayan ve istihbarat ama\u00e7l\u0131 sinyal yayan sens\u00f6rlerle ve daha bir dizi farkl\u0131 sens\u00f6rle donat\u0131l\u0131yor. Her RPA&#8217;da, bir pilota ek olarak, mis\u00adyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda kameralar\u0131 y\u00f6nlendiren ve sens\u00f6rlerden sinyal alan bir sens\u00f6r operat\u00f6r\u00fc daha bulunuyor. T\u00fcm bu bilgiler ise, &#8220;i\u015fletimciler&#8221;in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sisteme g\u00f6nderiliyor. T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131 analiz eden Hava Kuvvetleri personeli ise, pilota ve sens\u00f6r operat\u00f6r\u00fcne gereken geri bildirimde bulunuyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Ordunun b\u00fcnyesindeki di\u011fer birimler ve CIA de, art\u0131k insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131na daha fazla g\u00fcvenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Ordu, \u00f6ncelikli olarak, \u00fc\u00e7 adet orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli insans\u0131z u\u00e7ak modelini i\u015fletiyor: Northrop Grumman MQ 5B Hunters, AAI Corp. RQ 7 Shadows (ayr\u0131ca Deniz Kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan da kullan\u0131l\u0131yor), ve iki farkl\u0131 tip Predat\u00f6r. CBO&#8217;nun tahminle\u00adrine g\u00f6re, sadece Ordu, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde insans\u0131z u\u00e7ak filosunu geni\u015fletmek i\u00e7in 5,9 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir harcamada bulunacak.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2744254498\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Donanma ise, iki yeni RPA t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc test ediyor: Geni\u015f B\u00f6lge Deniz Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 (BAMS) u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ve Northrop Grumman MQ 8B Firescout insans\u0131z helikopteri. CBO&#8217;nun haberine g\u00f6re, donanma, 2026 y\u0131l\u0131na dek 65 BAMS, 2028 y\u0131l\u0131na dek ise 168 adet Firescouts sat\u0131n almay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. Bu denli farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrden insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131 edinilmesinin yararlar\u0131ndan biri, farkl\u0131 konumlarda bulunan d\u00fc\u015fmanlara sald\u0131rmak ve -daha da \u00f6nemlisi- karadaki birliklerle ileti\u015fim kurma olana\u011f\u0131 edinmek. Bu da, ROVER yer istasyonu denilen Uzaktan Kumandal\u0131 Videoyla G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Al\u0131c\u0131&#8217;lar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Bu istasyonlar, birliklere farkl\u0131 platformlardan canl\u0131 istihbarat sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in sert \u015fartlara dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayar\u0131, yaz\u0131\u00adl\u0131m\u0131, radyoyu ve telefonu birle\u015ftiriyor. Amerikan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;nda g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f emekli bir diplomat ve istihbarat teknolojileri uzman\u0131 Chris Bronk&#8217;a g\u00f6re, \u201cara\u00e7lardaki kamera, veri ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylelikle Amerikan askerleri, bir sonraki tepenin arkas\u0131nda neyin bulundu\u011funu, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rebiliyorlar.&#8221; ROVER sistemi, ilk olarak 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda geli\u015ftirildi. ROVER&#8217;lar, &#8220;son derece d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmsel ara\u00e7lar; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc arazideki insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc her \u015feyi, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak u\u00e7ak da havadan g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve edindi\u011fi bilgileri, Amerika&#8217;ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u00adr\u0131yor,&#8221; diyor Maybury. ROVER&#8217;lara sahip olan birlikler, RPA pilotlar\u0131n\u0131n ve sens\u00f6r operat\u00f6rlerinin \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6ne veya b\u00f6lgeye do\u011fru u\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131 veya o noktay\u0131 taramalar\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilirler.<\/p>\n<p>Son be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r RPA&#8217;lar\u0131n faaliyetlerindeki en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmelerden biri, \u00e7ok-y\u00f6nl\u00fc kameralardan olu\u015fan sistemler (\u00f6rne\u011fin Gorgon Stare video yakalama sistemi ve Otonom Ger\u00e7ek Zamanl\u0131 Karadan S\u00fcrekli Denetim G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme Sistemi ARGUS IS) yerle\u015ftirebilmeleri. &#8220;Art\u0131k sadece tam hareketli bir tek videoyu de\u011fil, geni\u015f bir alana yay\u0131lan hareketlerin k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini izleyebiliyoruz,&#8221; diyen Maybury ekliyor: &#8220;On y\u0131l \u00f6nce tek bir kaynaktan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc alabilirdiniz; \u015fimdiyse geni\u015f bir alanda her saniye g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc al\u0131nan 65 noktay\u0131 izliyoruz.&#8221; RO\u00adVER, ya \u00f6zel bir kanala telefon a\u00e7ar; ya da bir sens\u00f6r operat\u00f6r\u00fcne belli bir arac\u0131 belli bir kanalda takip etmesini bildirir. Askeri ve istihbarat birimleri, ke\u015fif ve denetim operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirebilen daha geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklarla giderek daha fazla ilgileniyor. Bu u\u00e7aklardan kimileri manuel olarak f\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131rken, kimileri ise \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte olup, \u015fekil\u00adleri itibariyle ku\u015fa ve b\u00f6ce\u011fe benziyorlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mikro Hava Ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ohio&#8217;daki Wright-Patterson Hava Kuvvetleri \u00dcss\u00fc&#8217;nde bulunan Hava Kuvvetleri Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Labora\u00adtuar\u0131 Hava Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Mikro Hava Ara\u00e7 Entegrasyonu ve Uygulama Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, mikro hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi ve test edilmesiyle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yor. Boylar\u0131 0,6 metreden az olan mikro-hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131, kentsel bir ortamda \u00e7at\u0131 d\u00fczeyinin alt\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6sterebiliyor. Sabit, d\u00f6nen, hareketli kanatlar\u0131 olabilir veya hi\u00e7 kanad\u0131 olmayabilir. Hava Kuvvetleri, d\u00fc\u015fman sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131yla yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n bir yolu olarak, mikro hava u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6neliyor. Ancak bu kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ara\u00e7lar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc olduk\u00e7a zor.<\/p>\n<p>AeroVironment Inc., 20 gramdan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00adta, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ara\u00e7lar bile geli\u015ftirebiliyor. Nano Hava Arac\u0131 (NAV) program\u0131 dahilinde, &#8220;sinek ku\u015fu benzeri&#8221; bir u\u00e7ak tasarlan\u0131p yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir giri\u00ad\u015fimde bulunulmu\u015f; \u015eubat ay\u0131nda da AeroVironment adl\u0131 \u015firket, 16 cm uzunlu\u011fundaki Nano Sinek Ku\u015fu&#8217;nu kamuoyuna tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. S\u00f6z konusu ara\u00e7, dikey olarak y\u00fckselip al\u00e7alma yetene\u011fine sahip olup, sa\u011fa ve sola, ileri ve geriye do\u011fru u\u00e7abiliyor; saat y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00adde ve aksi y\u00f6nde uzaktan kumandayla d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler yapabiliyor. \u00dczerinde ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir video kamera ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2120065824\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Biyolojiden ilham\u0131n\u0131 alan s\u00f6z konusu ara\u00e7, 2005&#8217;te start alan \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 DARPA NAV progra\u00adm\u0131n\u0131n ikinci a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil ediyor. AeroVironment, minyat\u00fcr u\u00e7aklar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in ilk a\u015famada s\u00f6zle\u015fme yap\u0131lan 4 ta\u015feron firmadan biri. Bunlar aras\u0131ndan; Cambridge merkezli Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc. ve Lockheed Martin, d\u00f6ner kanatl\u0131 nano u\u00e7aklar imal ederken, AeroVironment ve Kaliforniya merkezli MicroPropulsion Corp., hareketli kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7aklara y\u00f6neldi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n Amerikan kamuoyuna ta\u00adn\u0131t\u0131lma \u015fekli, &#8220;i\u00e7ine asker veya pilot koymaks\u0131z\u0131n Amerika&#8217;ya kar\u015f\u0131 tehdit olu\u015fturan odaklar\u0131 vurman\u0131n bir yolu&#8221; olarak tan\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu u\u00e7aklar\u0131n iddia edilen bir di\u011fer yarar\u0131 ise, Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131 imhada y\u00fcksek isabet yetenekleriydi. Bununla birlikte, sivil zayiata dair bir\u00e7ok rapor, bu robot u\u00e7aklar\u0131n sadece belli bir dereceye kadar hedefi isabet ettirebildikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. CIA ve Beyaz Saray&#8217;\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarg\u0131 ise, Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n Afganistan ve\u00adya Irak d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele operasyonlar\u0131nda bu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n herhangi bir tali \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olmad\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. Ancak bu iddia, bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve en son olarak \u0130ngiliz ve Pakistanl\u0131 gaze\u00adtecilerin derledi\u011fi bir raporda mercek alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirti\u00adlen sivil \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin say\u0131s\u0131na dair raporlar, \u00f6zellikle Pakistan&#8217;da b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fkenlik g\u00f6steriyor. Kar ama\u00adc\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen Public Multimedia Inc taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan Long War Journal adl\u0131 websitede, 2006 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri sadece Pakistan&#8217;da olan insans\u0131z u\u00e7ak sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda, Taliban, El Kaide ve onlarla ittifak kuran a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k yanl\u0131s\u0131 gruplardan 2080 ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, 138 sivilin de hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. \u00d6te yandan, Amerikan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin iddias\u0131na g\u00f6re, insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklar, Pakistan&#8217;da 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri, 2000&#8217;den fazla militan\u0131n ve 50 kadar muharip olma\u00adyan ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Gazeteci\u00adlik B\u00fcrosu ise, Amerikan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin istatistiklerini tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7arken, kendi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 neticesinde, 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan 2292 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve i\u00e7lerinde 160&#8217;\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuk ol\u00addu\u011fu 385 sivilin de ayn\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131larda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kay\u00adbetti\u011fi bilgisine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n<p>14 A\u011fustos&#8217;ta New York Times&#8217;ta yay\u0131mlanan bir k\u00f6\u015fe yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ise, Amerikan ulusal istihbarat ajan\u00ads\u0131 eski direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dennis Blair (ki kendisi ayn\u0131 za\u00admanda emekli bir amiraldir), &#8220;insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklarla yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n, El Kaide&#8217;nin bize sald\u0131rma yetene\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131rman\u0131n art\u0131k en etkin stratejisi olmaktan uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131&#8221; iddia etmi\u015fti. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc dillendirirken, \u015f\u00f6yle bir mant\u0131k silsilesi izliyordu: &#8220;insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131yla yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar, El Kaide sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hareketleri ve gizlenmelerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel olu\u015fturabilir; ancak bu sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar yine de sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam ederler.&#8221; \u00d6te yandan, Dennis Blair&#8217;a g\u00f6re, &#8220;in\u00adsans\u0131z u\u00e7aklardan yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131larda olu\u015fan sivil zayiat, Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n Pakistan&#8217;da yuvalanan El Kaide&#8217;yi yok etme \u00e7abalar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Pakistan&#8217;\u0131 des\u00adtek vermekten cayd\u0131rabilir.&#8221; Bununla birlikte, Blair, insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklarla yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n da tamamen sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemiyor; daha ziyade bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lar planlan\u0131rken Amerikan ve Pakistan ordular\u0131 aras\u0131nda daha yak\u0131n bir e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm sa\u011flanmas\u0131ndan yana g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildiriyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Peki, gelecekte bizi neler bekliyor?<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-1662866210\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Amerikan ordusunun hedeflerinden biri, \u00e7e\u015fitli misyonlarda insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak. Hava Kuvvetleri&#8217;nin elindeki RPA&#8217;lar\u0131n, muharebe alanlar\u0131ndaki birliklere yak\u0131t ve di\u011fer gereksinimlerini tedarik etmesi hedefleniyor. Ayr\u0131ca, RPA&#8217;lar giderek daha otonom bir hal alacak; insan\u00adlar taraf\u0131ndan denetlenecek, ancak mutlaka onlar\u0131n pilotaj\u0131 alt\u0131nda olmayacak. T\u00fcm bunlar ise pek kolay olaca\u011fa benzemiyor; keza otonom sistemlerin, karar alma s\u00fcrecine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan yapay zek\u00e2n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullara uyum sa\u011flama yetene\u011fine sahip olmas\u0131 laz\u0131m. \u00d6te yandan, uzun vadede, kendi kendine e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm sa\u011flayan bir birim olarak seyahat edebilen ve uyum i\u00e7inde sald\u0131r\u0131 yapma yetene\u011fine sahip RPA filolar\u0131 yaratmak hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 sistemlerine y\u00f6nelik misyon\u00adlar\u0131n, karadaki hedefleri tespit edip onlara sald\u0131rma noktas\u0131ndan, \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye do\u011fru (t\u0131bbi tahliye, u\u00e7ak yak\u0131t ikmali, f\u00fcze savunma gibi) kaymas\u0131 bekleniyor. F\u00fcze f\u0131rlatman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, gelecekte kullan\u0131lacak insans\u0131z u\u00e7aklar\u0131n, lazerler de dahil olmak \u00fczere, g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc enerji silahlar\u0131n\u0131 ate\u015fleyecek d\u00fczeye eri\u015fmeleri s\u00f6z konusu olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n havada saatlerce veya g\u00fcnlerce de\u011fil, y\u0131llarca kalmas\u0131 da sa\u011flanacak. Maybury, &#8220;ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz sene, enerji alan\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli i\u015flere imza att\u0131k. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z aras\u0131nda, \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcre havada kalabilen bir u\u00e7ak da yer al\u0131yor. Bu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc, k\u0131smen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 solar h\u00fccrelerden gelmekte,&#8221; diyor. \u0130nsans\u0131z u\u00e7ak teknolojilerindeki ilerlemelerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, bu u\u00e7aklar\u0131n son on y\u0131l boyunca Amerikan birliklerini desteklerken g\u00f6sterdikleri yararl\u0131l\u0131k, uzaktan kontrol edilen bu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde de varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrece\u011finin bir g\u00f6stergesi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130HA&#8217;lar\u0131n Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Son birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki geli\u015fmelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u0130srail&#8217;in etkisi var. ABD ordusunun yo\u011fun \u015fekilde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hunter ve Pioneer, \u0130srail&#8217;in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi sistemlerin do\u011frudan birer t\u00fcrevi. Pioneer, K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli oranda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ar\u00add\u0131ndan yetkililer insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131 sistemlerinin \u00f6nemini kavrad\u0131lar. \u0130lk \u00f6nce \u0130leri Teknoloji Demonstrasyon Projesi olarak ba\u015flayan Predat\u00f6r u\u00e7aklar\u0131, Balkan semalar\u0131nda g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Predat\u00f6r\u00fcn h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda piyasada olan versiyonlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131, sald\u0131r\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 Hellfire f\u00fczeleriyle y\u00fckl\u00fc.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2646011632\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bir di\u011fer pop\u00fcler insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 ise, Global Hawk. Bu, \u00f6zellikle Afganistan&#8217;da kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan jet g\u00fcc\u00fcndeki bir insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 60.000 fitte faaliyet g\u00f6steriyor ve \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli say\u0131da sens\u00f6r bulunuyor. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda kullan\u0131mda olan ve geli\u015ftirilen insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131, hem uzun menzilli, hem de y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin Predat\u00f6rler, yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 saat boyunca havada kalabi\u00adlir. Global Hawk&#8217;\u0131n havada kalma s\u00fcresi ise 24 saat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ticari Uygulamalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131, giderek ticari uygulamalarda da kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, insans\u0131z hava ta\u00ad\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcksek su\u00e7 oran\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde, su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6zetim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kul\u00adlanman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu ara\u00e7lar, ayr\u0131ca, \u015fiddetin genellikle vuku buldu\u011fu &#8220;y\u00fcksek gerilim noktalar\u0131&#8221;n\u0131 denetlemek i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir. \u0130nsans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n gelecek ku\u015fak modellerine bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ucuz olacaklar; \u00e7ok daha rahat bir e\u011fitim sonucu \u00f6\u011frenilecekler ve mevcut insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha net sonu\u00e7lar verecekler. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir gelecekte insans\u0131z hava ta\u00ad\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fckleer, biyolojik ve kimyasal silahlar\u0131 tespit edebilecek yetiye kavu\u015facaklar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ayr\u0131ca bu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n art\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ve g\u00fcvenilir ileti\u015fim sa\u011flayacaklar\u0131 ve muharebe alanlar\u0131ndan ve ri aktar\u0131m\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yacaklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ticari uygulamalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamas\u0131 hedefleniyor. \u015eirketler ve devlet ajanslar\u0131 daha \u015fimdiden operas\u00adyonlar\u0131nda insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 kullanman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlar. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda Amerikan Federal Havac\u0131l\u0131k \u0130daresi&#8217;nin y\u00f6netmelikleri, insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n ticari kullan\u0131mlar\u0131nda k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getiri yor. Ancak s\u00f6z konusu kurumun bu y\u00f6nde olumlu ad\u0131mlar atmas\u0131yla birlikte, yak\u0131n gelecekte insans\u0131z hava ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok daha fazla ticari uygulamada kullan\u0131l\u0131r hale gelece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-2395207882\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131, pilotlu u\u00e7aklarca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinin \u00e7ok riskli oldu\u011fu g\u00f6revlerde kullan\u0131lan silahlar haline geliyor ve \u00fcretici \u00fclkele\u00adrin elinde giderek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir d\u0131\u015f politika arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":16461,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/turk-savas-ucaklari-kuzey-irak-a-hava-harekati-7727414_x_4116_300.jpg?fit=292%2C150&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-4YN","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19145"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19145\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}