{"id":15981,"date":"2015-08-21T20:24:24","date_gmt":"2015-08-21T17:24:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=15981"},"modified":"2015-08-25T11:31:45","modified_gmt":"2015-08-25T08:31:45","slug":"yeni-tablodaki-yerimiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/yeni-tablodaki-yerimiz\/","title":{"rendered":"Yeni Tablodaki Yerimiz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>BGSAM<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" height=\"186\" width=\"300\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/bgosmanli-yesil-300x186.jpg?resize=300%2C186\" alt=\"bgosmanli-yesil\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Konu: <strong>Sosyolojik analiz<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusu yedi (7) dakikada bir (1) ki\u015fi azal\u0131yor. Her sene seksen bin (80 000) ki\u015fi azal\u0131yoruz. Yak\u0131n zamanda n\u00fcfusun % 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n altm\u0131\u015f (60) ya\u015f \u00fczerinde olaca\u011f\u0131 resmen a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Baba oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 terk edip d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde ge\u00e7im bulunca yerle\u015fenlerin oran\u0131 art\u0131yor. Bat\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerine okumaya gidenlerin ancak % 22\u2019si geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor, hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frayanlar al\u0131p ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 okuduklar\u0131 \u00fclkelere geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyorlar. Bu say\u0131 son y\u0131llarda sabitle\u015fti \u2013 y\u0131lda yirmi be\u015f bin (25 000) ki\u015fi sak\u0131rgadan ka\u00e7an ku\u015flar gibi ka\u00e7\u0131p gidiyorlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yeni tabloda \u00fc\u00e7 e\u011filim var. <\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-1921994312\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00c7ingene n\u00fcfus art\u0131yor, 2030\u2019larda ulusal n\u00fcfusun % 51\u2019ini a\u015facak. Etnik Bulgarlar eriyor ve azal\u0131yor. T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfus ise yava\u015f\u00e7a da olsa \u00e7o\u011falmaya devam ediyor, Bulgaristan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n % 14\u2019n\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu konular \u00fczerinde kitaplar yazan ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini bas\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klayan akademisyen Prof. Pet\u0131r \u0130vanov n\u00fcfusun azalmas\u0131ndan sorumlu olarak Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Partisi milletvekillerinden Sosyalist Parti h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan Emel Etem ile Sosyal Sorunlar Bakan\u0131 olan Dr. Hasan Ademov\u2019un \u201c<strong>bizzat sorumlu oldu\u011funu<\/strong>\u201d vurgulamaktan geri durmuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu gidi\u015fle son d\u00f6nem K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakan\u0131 olan Vejdi Ra\u015fidov\u2019un da Bulgar k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat\u0131n\u0131n bunal\u0131m d\u00f6nemecinde\u00a0olmas\u0131ndan su\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fitirseniz, l\u00fctfen \u015fa\u015fmay\u0131n\u0131z. Bu as\u0131rl\u0131k bir aksi sedad\u0131r ve uzun zaman yank\u0131lanacak benziyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Bakan\u0131 olan Vidin\u2019li Roman Dimitrov\u2019un da demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n durumu \u00fcst\u00fcne bilgi almas\u0131 i\u00e7in trene bindirildi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc feci durumdan o sorumluymu\u015f.<\/p>\n<p>Profes\u00f6r \u0130vanov\u2019un kan\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u201c<strong>n\u00fcfus hareketleri<\/strong>\u201d devletin en gizli sekt\u00f6rlerinden biri oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131, \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrklerin y\u00f6netimine ve kontrol\u00fcne b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 stratejik yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>\u201d diyor. Y\u0131llardan beri bir Bulgar aile 1 evlat yeti\u015ftirirken, \u00c7ingene gettolar\u0131nda her hanenin en az 3 \u2013 4 evlad\u0131 var. 1965 \u2013 1990 resmi istatistiklerinde Bulgaristan\u2019da ne fazla, \u00a0ne az, hep \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz k\u0131rk bin (340\u00a0000) \u00c7ingene vard\u0131. Yalan istatistiklerle durum de\u011fi\u015fti mi?<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3307815755\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Gen\u00e7 T\u00fcrk aileler ise \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de e\u011fitmeyi istiyorlar. Yaz aylar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk b\u00f6lgelerinde n\u00fcfus % 14 oran\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011falmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Emekli g\u00f6\u00e7menler yaz\u0131 kendi \u00f6z evlerinde, memleketlerinde ge\u00e7irmeye al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Bu n\u00fcfus hareketi genel stati\u011fe hen\u00fcz yans\u0131m\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni e\u011filimde baz\u0131 illerde etnik Bulgar n\u00fcfusun tamamen yok oldu\u011fu dikkati \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar n\u00fcfusu az\u0131nl\u0131kta kalan ilk il, Kuzey Bat\u0131 y\u00f6rede Tuna ili Vidin oldu. Burada Romen n\u00fcfus art\u0131k nicel \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu elde etmi\u015f, sosyal ve politik ya\u015famdaki nitel de\u011fi\u015fikliklere uzanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. N\u00fcfussuzla\u015fma e\u011filiminde ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7eken illerimiz ise genellikle Pomaklar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Smolyan (Pa\u015fmakl\u0131) ile T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu Razgrad \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Eski bir madenci, orman i\u015fletmecili\u011fi ve hafif sanayi merkezi olan Orta Rodop b\u00f6lgesinin insans\u0131zla\u015fmas\u0131 26 y\u0131ldan beri h\u0131zla devam ediyor. Burada Rudozem ve Madan y\u00f6resindeki kur\u015fun \u00e7inko madenleri ile uranyum ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n kapanmas\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin omurgas\u0131 olan t\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc unutturma siyaseti ve patates \u00fcretimine de AB\u2019den s\u00fcbvansiyon sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak yaln\u0131z hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fifal\u0131 bitki, yaban meyve gibi yan gelir kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bir yandan k\u00f6ylerden \u00e7ekilen n\u00fcfus 1990\u2019dan sonra ilk y\u0131llarda oldu\u011fu gibi Sofya, Plovdiv, Varna, Burgas ve Rus\u00e7uk gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlere ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fti. \u0130\u00e7 g\u00f6\u00e7 genelde ana yollar boyundaki kentlere, demir yolu kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirlere y\u00f6neldi. Bu yerle\u015fim yerlerinin hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde i\u015f olanaklar\u0131 sanki daha geni\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin K\u0131rcali ilinde Mestanl\u0131 (Mom\u00e7ilgrat) yeni bir hafif sanayi ve e\u011fitim-k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi oldu. T\u0131rgovi\u015fte ilinde Omurtak \u015fehrinin bu gibi \u00f6nem kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zleniyor. Razgrat ilinde ise, n\u00fcfus \u0130sperih, (Kemaller) ve Dulovo (Ak Kad\u0131nlar) dolay\u0131nda toplan\u0131yor. Bat\u0131 Rodoplar\u2019da Bansko \u015fehri k\u0131\u015f turizmi, Sandanski ise ticaret merkezi olarak \u00f6nem kazand\u0131<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2873313302\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Son d\u00f6nemde \u00fclkede ge\u00e7imin \u00fc\u00e7 ana kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Birincisi<\/strong>, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli sanayi \u00fcretimleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, asgari \u00fccret baz\u0131nda in\u015faat (konut ve yol yap\u0131m\u0131) \u00a0ve turizm gibi sekt\u00f6rlerde asgari iki y\u00fcz elli- \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz elli Euro (250 -350) i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccreti \u00f6deyen sekt\u00f6r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130kincisi<\/strong>, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsalar da, yoksullar\u0131n bel ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek kaynak olan, emekli maa\u015flar\u0131 ve sosyal yard\u0131mlar a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kazand\u0131. Burada \u00f6nemle vurgulamak istedi\u011fimiz nokra, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n emekli olma zaman\u0131 gelince kendilerinden vatandan kovulduklar\u0131 y\u0131llar i\u00e7in ek prim \u00f6demeleri istenmesinin yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kendi istekleri \u00fczerine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmediler, kovuldular da geldiler ve emekli primlerinin devlet taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmesi tamamen insan haklar\u0131 istemlerine uygun olacakt\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan iki \u00fclke ilgili makamlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ve bu ek \u00f6deme isteklerinin durdurulmas\u0131 yerinde olur. 26 bin soyda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z halen Bulgar NOY \u2013Ulusal Sigorta Kurumundan maa\u015f almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc<\/strong> ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 &#8211;\u00a02015 ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde i\u015f bulan ve evde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131na el uzatan ve toplam miktar\u0131 be\u015f y\u00fcz milyon leva (500\u00a0000\u00a0000) olan yard\u0131mlard\u0131r. Memur tabakas\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 belediye ve muhtarl\u0131k g\u00f6revlileri olu\u015ftururken, 30 bin paral\u0131 er ve paral\u0131 subay\u0131 olan Bulgar Ordusu\u2019ndan iki (2) defa daha kalabal\u0131k olan polis elli yedi bin (57\u00a0000) ki\u015fiye istihdam veriyor.<\/p>\n<p>1990 ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 milyon yedi y\u00fcz bin emek\u00e7iden olu\u015fan Bulgar i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ordusu, on be\u015f bin iki y\u00fcz (15\u00a0200) olan \u201cA\u201d ve \u201cB\u201d kategoriden b\u00fcy\u00fck ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fcretim \u00fcnitelerinden % 90\u2019n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. \u00c7eyrek as\u0131r \u00f6nce Bulgar sanayi ekstanziv \u00fcretim teknolojisiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Modern \u00fcretimle rekabet kavgas\u0131nda pes etti. Bu arada on alt\u0131\u00a0 (16) iplik ve pamuklu dokuma, ipekli dokuma ve haz\u0131r giyim tesisi, \u00e7ocuk tekstili, mamas\u0131 ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini i\u015fleyen konserve fabrikalar\u0131n\u0131n vb. kapanmas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nce soka\u011fa att\u0131, sonra da d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere y\u00f6neltti. Bu sekt\u00f6rde ayakta kalan birka\u00e7 ila\u00e7 ve kozmetik \u00fcr\u00fcn tesisidir. \u00d6rneklemek gerekirse, toplam 42 bin i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Filibe\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Karlovo belediyesi a\u011f\u0131r metal ve hafif sanayi tesislerinde bug\u00fcn ancak d\u00f6rt bin (4\u00a0000) ki\u015fi istihdam bulabiliyor. \u0130ki y\u00fcz seksen bin (280\u00a0000) ton ham t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcreten \u00fclkemiz, bug\u00fcn otuz (30) bin ton t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne el a\u00e7\u0131yor. On sekiz\u00a0 (18) sigara fabrikas\u0131ndan sadece Blogoevgrad, Sofya, Haskovo ve Stara Zagota tesisleri ayakta kald\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-647336250\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u00dcretim geleneklerimiz alt\u00fcst oldu.<\/strong> A\u011f\u0131r sanayi tesislerinden Burgaz petrol rafinerisi ve birka\u00e7 \u00e7imento fabrikas\u0131, hafif sanayide ise, birka\u00e7 konserve at\u00f6lyesi,\u00a0 ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tesisi ile de\u011firmen \u00fcretime devam ediyor. B\u00f6ylece ekstanziv yani daha fazla el eme\u011fi gerektiren teknolojilere dayanan sanayimiz 20 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc, fakat yerine y\u00fcr\u00fcyen \u00fcretim sistemi, otomasyona, elektroni\u011fe dayanan \u00fcretim kurulamad\u0131. Sanayimiz bir yat\u0131r\u0131m alan\u0131 olarak bo\u015ftur ve yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 beklemeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>1990\u2019da Bulgar tar\u0131m kooperatiflerinde bir milyon alt\u0131 y\u00fcz bin (1\u00a0600\u00a0000) iri ba\u015f hayvan kay\u0131tl\u0131 iken, bu rakam sekiz (8) defa azalarak 2015\u2019te y\u00fcz yirmi bine (120\u00a0000) d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Cins \u0131slah\u0131yla s\u00fct \u00fcretimi artarken d\u0131\u015f etkenler sonucu Rusya pazar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kapanmas\u0131 sekt\u00f6re a\u011f\u0131r g\u00fcnler ya\u015fat\u0131yor. \u015eu anda Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n Rusya Federasyonuna d\u0131\u015f sat\u0131m\u0131 tamamen durmu\u015f durumdad\u0131r. 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da on be\u015f milyon (15\u00a0000\u00a0000)\u00a0 koyun vard\u0131. Bu rakam 10 defa azal\u0131rken, ke\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k elli (50) kat artt\u0131. \u00a0Ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikler son y\u0131llarda \u00fcretim art\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaydeden ama s\u00fcr\u00fcmde dar bo\u011faz\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen, \u015farap sanayi i\u00e7in de s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zetlemek gerekirse, Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n 1984\u2019te Rusya\u2019ya y\u0131l ortalamas\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck sanayi ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0131\u015f sat\u0131m hacmi olarak 386 vagon ve 78 TIR\u2019la ortaya koyula bilirken, \u015fimdi Rusya\u2019ya ihracat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kesildi derken, bu \u00fcr\u00fcn depolara toplanm\u0131yor. Patates ve domatesten, biber ve karpuza kadar bir\u00e7ok tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u2013meyve ve sebze \u2013 son y\u0131llarda ithal ediliyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayan sanayi donat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimden al\u0131nmas\u0131, modern teknoloji olarak diriltilemedi. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmeye ne sermaye, ne proje, ne de ham madde bulunabildi. Kadro yeti\u015ftirilmedi. \u00a0\u00d6nceki d\u00f6nemde ekonominin damarlar\u0131nda kan olan ucuz elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi alt\u0131 (6) atom santraline dayan\u0131yordu. Balkanlarda ve Avrupa\u2019da en ucuz enerji kullanan \u00fcretim d\u0131\u015f pazarda aran\u0131yordu. AB\u2019ye girme \u015fart\u0131 olarak d\u00f6rt (4) adet atom santralimiz kapand\u0131. Yenileri kuramad\u0131k. Rusya ve Ukrayna\u2019dan ihra\u00e7 k\u00f6m\u00fcr yakan termik santraller de kapan\u0131rken, elektrik fiyat\u0131 f\u0131rlad\u0131 ve ya\u015fam\u0131 dinamitlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ne ki, \u015fu d\u00f6nem Bulgar enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f devrine girdi. Sekt\u00f6r i\u00e7in AB\u2019den al\u0131nan yat\u0131r\u0131m paralar\u0131 hedefe y\u00f6nelik kullan\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu arada Karadeniz \u2013 Burgas\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir petrokimya tesisi ile d\u00f6rt (4) adet suni g\u00fcbre fabrikam\u0131z vard\u0131 ki, eski k\u0131tada kimya sanayi dikkate al\u0131nan \u00fclkelerden biriydi. Rusya 1994\u2019ten ba\u015flayarak do\u011fal gaz\u0131 Bulgaristan&#8217;a da uluslararas\u0131 Pazar fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden sat\u0131nca sekt\u00f6r durdu. Plevne ve Vratsa\u2019da binlerce kimya i\u015f\u00e7isi sokaktad\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3974985823\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rneklemeler, \u00fclkemizin \u00e7ok ciddi ekonomik sorunlarla y\u00fcz y\u00fcze oldu\u011funa i\u015farettir. Ekonomik gelire dayanmayan bir sosyal ya\u015fam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyece\u011fine g\u00f6re, hi\u00e7bir sekt\u00f6rde rekabet edemeyen serbest pazar ekonomimiz yeni ko\u015fullara yenik d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ayakta durabilmenin a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131nda eziliyor. Belediye gelirlerini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan yeni durum yerle\u015fim merkezlerinde alt yap\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc beraberinde getirdi. Elektrik faturas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6deyemeyen k\u00f6yl\u00fcler elektrik kullanmak istemiyor. Hastane ve okullar da ayn\u0131 sorunlarla y\u00fcz y\u00fczedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sebepledir ki, 2. d\u00f6nem iktidar olan Bulgaristan&#8217;\u0131n Avrupal\u0131 Geli\u015fimi \u0130\u00e7in GERB Partisi 2014 genel se\u00e7im vaatlerinde ilk yerde \u201c<strong>eski prefabrik dairelere manto giydirelim\u201d <\/strong>dedi.<strong> B<\/strong>u tip konutlardan % 30\u2019unun \u00f6mr\u00fc 10 y\u0131la d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Mantolan\u0131nca \u0131s\u0131 tasarrufu yapmak da ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor. \u0130kinci olarak ise, delik de\u015fik eski yollar\u0131n yerine iki \u015feritli ana yol yap\u0131m\u0131na \u00f6ncelik tan\u0131nd\u0131. \u201cKap\u0131 Kule\u201d s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131ndan giren ara\u00e7lar\u0131n Bulgaristan yollar\u0131ndaki \u00e7ilesini herkes\u00e7e bilir. H\u00fck\u00fcmet bu y\u0131l 136 km demir yolunu kapatt\u0131. Devlet yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131yla modern \u00fcretim tesisi kurulmas\u0131 hen\u00fcz \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyor. B\u00fct\u00e7ede ana gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak KDV, fonlar ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck gelirleri g\u00f6steriliyor.<\/p>\n<p>2007\u2019de Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyesi olan Bulgaristan, AB standart ve istemlerine g\u00f6re yat\u0131r\u0131m ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmede sorun ya\u015f\u0131yor. 1994\u2019te kooperatif\u00e7i tar\u0131m d\u00fczenini bozan ve tar\u0131msal u\u011fra\u015f\u0131y\u0131 irili ufakl\u0131 \u00f6zel \u00fcretime \u00e7eken \u00fclkemiz, Br\u00fcksel\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ve tek elden y\u00f6netim istemlerine ayak uydururken zorland\u0131. Bu istemler ancak,\u00a0 on bin (10\u00a0000) dekar gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131 i\u015fleyen \u2013 bu\u011fday, m\u0131s\u0131r, ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u2013 \u00fcretimi yapan, katmana yarad\u0131. Makinele\u015fmeye dayanan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli tar\u0131m \u00fcreticileri sekt\u00f6rde egemen oldu. Az toprakl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fclerse avlu bah\u00e7elerine kapand\u0131. AB yard\u0131m ve te\u015fvik paralar\u0131 % 90 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerine ak\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor. Silistre b\u00f6lgesi ve Dobruca\u2019n\u0131n insans\u0131zla\u015fmas\u0131 nedenlerinin temelinde olan bu. Tar\u0131msal tekelle\u015fme, topra\u011f\u0131n ve kaynaklar\u0131n bir avu\u00e7 zengin elinde toplanmas\u0131, yeni bir yap\u0131lanma olu\u015fturdu ki, biz Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri olarak bu str\u00fckt\u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yok gibiyiz. Yeni durumda \u00fclkede T\u00fcrklerin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu teknik \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00fcretimlerine &#8211; \u00a0t\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe \u00f6nem verilmiyor. \u00dcst\u00fcne \u00fcstelik tar\u0131m \u00fcretimi, hafif sanayiye ham madde kayna\u011f\u0131 olmaya \u00f6zendirilmiyor.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00fcfus ve ekonomi, sosyal yap\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015fmesi, Bulgaristan\u2019da sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitimi de k\u00f6kten bozdu. \u0130nsans\u0131z kalan k\u00f6ylerde sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezleri, eczaneler ve anaokulu ve okullar kapand\u0131. Demokrasi gelmesiyle okul mevzuat\u0131nda reform yap\u0131lmad\u0131. Yenilenme okul kapatma \u015feklinde boy att\u0131. K\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenciler \u00f6nce yak\u0131n kasaba okullar\u0131na topland\u0131. Okul hizmetleri giderek burada da suyunu \u00e7ekti. Modernle\u015femeyen, bat\u0131l tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerini a\u015famayan, genel sefille\u015fmenin pen\u00e7esinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck ve \u00e7aresizlik ya\u015famaya ba\u015flayan sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, y\u0131lda be\u015f y\u00fcz (500) doktorun hastaneleri terk edip Arap devletlerine, Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinden Malaysiya\u2019ya kadar da\u011f\u0131lmaya devam etmesinin do\u011furdu\u011fu problemler i\u00e7inde bocal\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma genel n\u00fcfusun % 40\u2019n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00c7ingeneler aras\u0131nda bu oran\u0131n % 85, T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda ise % 65 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemi ile birlikte e\u011fitim sistemi de k\u00f6kl\u00fc ve i\u00e7eriksel bir reform i\u00e7in el at\u0131yor. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, devlet kaynaklar\u0131 bu de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesine olanak verecek durumda de\u011fildir. Bulgar e\u011fitim sistemi elektronik \u00e7a\u011f istemlerine ayak uydurabilmesi i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar bekliyor. Sabr\u0131 t\u00fckenen yeni zenginler Bulgarlar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zel okullarda \u0130svi\u00e7re vb. \u00fclke kolejlerine okumaya g\u00f6nderirken, lise bitiren gen\u00e7lerin % 18\u2019\u0131 de Bat\u0131 \u00dcniversitelerinin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131p a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1165272245\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu genel durum i\u00e7inde var olmaya devam eden ve Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusunun % 12\u2019sini olu\u015fturan ve genel az\u0131nl\u0131k n\u00fcfus i\u00e7inde de % 20 olan T\u00fcrkler genellikle G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Rodoplar, Gerlovo, Deliorman, Dobruca ve Tuna K\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Son d\u00f6nemde en \u00f6nemli T\u00fcrkl\u00fck merkezi olarak geli\u015fen \u015fehirler K\u0131rcaali, \u015eumen, Razgat vb. olmaya devam ediyor. Bir yandan yok ile var aras\u0131nda var olabilme m\u00fccadelesi veren az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ayn\u0131 zamanda son imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 da toplayarak d\u00fcnyaya kendini g\u00f6stermeye, ge\u00e7en as\u0131rda spor ve sanat dallar\u0131nda parlay\u0131p kendini d\u00fcnyaya kabul ettirdi\u011fi gibi, \u015fimdi de ezikli\u011fi ve sefilli\u011fi yenerek, biz de var\u0131z demek i\u00e7in elinden geldi\u011fince seferber oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00fctf\u00fc Ahmedov\u2019u, Naim S\u00fcleymano\u011fulu\u2019nu ve Halil Mutlu\u2019yu ve di\u011fer ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6rnek alarak y\u00fckselme yolunca t\u0131rmanmaya devam ediyoruz. Bug\u00fcn ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir habere g\u00f6re, Kazanl\u0131k \u015fehrinden k\u0131z\u0131m\u0131z Sebil Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde en iyi piyanist \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazand\u0131. Ayn\u0131 alanda 2014\u2019te parlayan \u015eumnu\u2019lu Hasan ile \u0130brahim karde\u015fler Malta gen\u00e7lik festivalinde Avrupa ikincisi oldular.<\/p>\n<p>Okulumuz yok, radyomuz yok, TV program\u0131m\u0131z yok, bir ulusal k\u00fclt\u00fcr kul\u00fcb\u00fcm\u00fcz, bir bas\u0131n evimiz bile olmasa da hayat\u0131n her dal\u0131nda biz de var\u0131z m\u00fccadelemize devam ediyoruz. Ya\u015fas\u0131n Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini kanatland\u0131ran UMUT!<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-4028045024\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BGSAM Konu: Sosyolojik analiz Bulgaristan n\u00fcfusu yedi (7) dakikada bir (1) ki\u015fi azal\u0131yor. Her sene seksen bin (80 000) ki\u015fi azal\u0131yoruz. Yak\u0131n zamanda n\u00fcfusun %<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-49L","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}