{"id":140,"date":"2013-04-04T10:44:29","date_gmt":"2013-04-04T07:44:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=140"},"modified":"2013-07-14T19:47:47","modified_gmt":"2013-07-14T16:47:47","slug":"bulgaristanda-pomak-turkleri-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristanda-pomak-turkleri-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan&#8217;da Pomak T\u00fcrkleri 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>1945 \u2013 49 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u00a0 Yunanistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde ya\u015fayan Pomak T\u00fcrkleri \u00f6zellikle yeni rejim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterince g\u00fcvenilir bulunmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7 kesimine zorla iskan edilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Bazen k\u00f6yler tamamen bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 o zamanlarda. 1950 y\u0131llar\u0131nda 30 km\u2019ye kadar olan Pomak T\u00fcrkleri k\u00f6yleri, giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 izne tabi tutulmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylece s\u00fcrekli kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulan yerler stat\u00fcs\u00fcne sokulmu\u015ftur, bu da 1992 kadar devam etmi\u015ftir.<!--more--><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3720\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3720\" style=\"width: 150px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/rafetuluturk.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-3720\" alt=\"Rafet Ulut\u00fcrk\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/rafetuluturk-150x150.jpg?resize=150%2C150\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/rafetuluturk.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/rafetuluturk.jpg?resize=65%2C65&amp;ssl=1 65w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3720\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafet Ulut\u00fcrk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>1950 \u2013 55 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Tatarlar ve T\u00fcrk \u00e7ingenelerinin isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bulgaristan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi Merkezi Komitesi 1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda nisan ay\u0131nda \u00c7ingene, Tatar ve Pomaklar\u0131n T\u00fcrkl\u00fck bilin\u00e7lerinin yok edilmesi i\u00e7in bir dizi uygulamay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sokmu\u015ftur. \u0130simler de\u011fi\u015ftirildi, Geleneksel k\u0131yafetler yasakland\u0131, Modern k\u0131yafetler giymeleri zorunlu tutuldu. Yine 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu uygulamalardan vazge\u00e7ildi ve 130.000 ki\u015finin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e isimleri iade edilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra 17 haziran 1970 tarihinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kararla Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131na toplu isim de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerle yeniden ba\u015fland\u0131. 1974 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tehditler, hapisler, yaramalar ve \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeler ile bir arada olan b\u00fct\u00fcn Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin isimleri Bulgar isimleri ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ard\u0131ndan Pomak T\u00fcrkleri canlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kimliklerini koruyabilmek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 eden O\u011fuz T\u00fcrklerinin evlerini sat\u0131n alarak yerle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden 7 Temmuz 1978 tarihinde B.K.P. Merkez Komitesi bir karar alarak Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrklerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere gelmelerini yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6ylece bu konuda O\u011fuz T\u00fcrklerinin ilgisizli\u011fi hi\u00e7bir yard\u0131mda bulunmamalar\u0131 1984 \u2013 85 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 getirmi\u015f oldu. Ruslar\u0131n ordusunu sokmayan bu kahraman T\u00fcrkler kendi aralar\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fckten sonra Bulgarlar bile \u00e7i\u011fneyip ge\u00e7tiler. Bu arada bu konuda en \u00e7ok su\u00e7u olanlar ayd\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r, halk bilin\u00e7siz oldu\u011fundan onu toplu olarak su\u00e7lamak yanl\u0131\u015f olur. B\u00f6ylece 10 Kas\u0131m 1989 tarihinde y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan demokratikle\u015fme d\u00f6neminde t\u00fcm T\u00fcrklere T\u00fcrk\u00e7e isimlerini isteyenin yeniden geri almas\u0131 i\u00e7in serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131dan ayr\u0131larak Balkanlarda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devletlerin kurulmas\u0131 ile birlikte Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin de problemleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pomak T\u00fcrkleri 125 y\u0131ld\u0131r yo\u011fun bir bask\u0131, asimilasyon ve \u015fiddetli propaganda alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Bug\u00fcn say\u0131lar\u0131 800.000 civar\u0131nda olan Pomak T\u00fcrkleri ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Bulgaristan\u2019da en hassas konuyu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3593701960\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczerine pomaklar kendilerini her zaman T\u00fcrk hissetmi\u015fler ve her zaman T\u00fcrklerin yan\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 1990 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra Bulgaristan\u2019da diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ile demakratik yap\u0131lanmaya ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f ve Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketinin kurulmas\u0131nda bug\u00fcn emek sarfetmi\u015flerdir. Ancak takip eden y\u0131llarda gitgide H\u00d6H\u2019den d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015flar veya beklentileri ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015ftir. Pomaklar ile ilgili ciddi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara gidilmemi\u015f, yak\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Buna mukabil Bulgarlar topyek\u00fcn harekete ge\u00e7erek yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde propaganda yapmaya devam etmi\u015fler ve hristiyanla\u015ft\u0131rma kampanyalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00d6te yandan Suudi destekli Vahabi faaliyetleri de yo\u011funluk kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vahabi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da T\u00fcrkl\u00fcklerini kaybettirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde devam etmektedir. Pomaklar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 her yerde boy g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ise yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yard\u0131mlar\u0131n nereye gitti\u011finin, neler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131n\u0131 aramas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeyiz. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de alternatif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle 1990 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra Pomak T\u00fcrklerine y\u00f6nelik misyonerlik ve H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k faaliyetleri\u00a0 kat ve kat artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer yandan vahabilik faaliyetleri\u00a0 de \u00e7ok\u00a0 b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00a0 boyutlara\u00a0\u00a0 ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle Pomak T\u00fcrkleri \u00fczerine ciddi ve s\u00fcrekli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya gidilmesi \u015fartt\u0131r. Bulgaristan\u2019daki siyasi dengelerde \u00f6nemli rol oynayan bu topluluk ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a01. Tarihi bilin\u00e7 &#8211; Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli olduklar\u0131na dair ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve yay\u0131nlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu konuda bir\u00e7ok eser de mevcuttur. Bunlar\u0131n\u00a0 bir\u00a0 k\u0131sm\u0131 Bulgarca\u2019ya terc\u00fcme edilmeli veya el kitaplar\u0131 bas\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a02.\u00a0 Dini faaliyetler\u00a0 &#8211; Dini e\u011fitim, yay\u0131n ve di\u011fer etkinlikler Araplar\u0131n elinden al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve T.D.A.Vakf\u0131 ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131larak, dini ve milli e\u011fitimi b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmeli. Ayn\u0131 zamanda H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k\u00a0 faaliyetlerinin\u00a0 \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmeli.<\/li>\n<li>3. K\u0131smi g\u00f6\u00e7 &#8211; Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin\u00a0 yo\u011fun\u00a0 olarak\u00a0 ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00f6y ve\u00a0 kasabalardan, akraba a\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f olan ailelerden se\u00e7ilen aileler g\u00f6\u00e7men olarak\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kabul edilerek&#8221; T\u00fcrkiye ile olan diyaloglar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmelidir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2018ye al\u0131nacak 50 &#8211; 60 ailenin sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131n etkisi iki \u00fc\u00e7 ku\u015fak s\u00fcrecektir. Ancak bunlara T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de imkanlar yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yard\u0131m edilmesi de \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>4. Sivil\u00a0 \u00f6rg\u00fctleme &#8211; Pomak T\u00fcrklerinin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerde sivil te\u015fkilatlanmalara \u00f6n ayak olunmal\u0131, yard\u0131m edilmeli ve bu konuda e\u011fitim verilmelidir. Bilin\u00e7li ki\u015filer se\u00e7ilerek sivil te\u015fkilatlar kurmalar\u0131na yard\u0131m edilmeli ve faaliyetleri\u00a0 desteklenmelidir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kurslar acilen a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>5. Pomak T\u00fcrkleri \u2013 Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketi\u00a0 ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeleri\u00a0 i\u00e7in gerekli faaliyetler yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve bunlar Bulgaristan\u2019da yay\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Zaman zaman T\u00fcrk\u00a0\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 buna engel olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklard\u0131r. Bu nedenle bunlara kendilerini ifade etme f\u0131rsat\u0131 verilmemeli.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>II. \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131: \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0 Siyasi \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme:<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3134958930\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>2.\u00a0 Sivil \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme:<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0130ktisadi ve ticari \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme:<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-1144626495\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1945 \u2013 49 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u00a0 Yunanistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde ya\u015fayan Pomak T\u00fcrkleri \u00f6zellikle yeni rejim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterince g\u00fcvenilir bulunmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7 kesimine zorla<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3720,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/rafetuluturk.jpg?fit=235%2C299&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-2g","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=140"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3720"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}