{"id":13917,"date":"2015-02-25T22:41:22","date_gmt":"2015-02-25T20:41:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=13917"},"modified":"2015-03-12T23:14:12","modified_gmt":"2015-03-12T21:14:12","slug":"bir-otobiyografi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bir-otobiyografi\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir Otobiyografi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Musa VATANSEVER<\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yeni tarihi 5 ku\u015fak geriye dayan\u0131r.\u00a0 Ku\u015faklar\u0131n ortalama 25 y\u0131lda yenilendi\u011fi esas al\u0131n\u0131r. 1878 \u2013 2015 aras\u0131nda 137 y\u0131l oldu\u011fu hesab\u0131na g\u00f6re,\u00a0 70 y\u0131ll\u0131k iki \u00f6m\u00fcr tarihimizi ba\u015ftanba\u015fa belirler. Biz bu kadar gen\u00e7 bir Cumhuriyetin \u00f6z vatanda\u015flar\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan \u00f6mr\u00fc ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelerin tarihi gibidir. Fikirlerimi Bulgaristanl\u0131 bir etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00f6nderinin hayat hik\u00e2yesiyle anlat\u0131yorum:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eAK\u0130R MAHMUDOV PA\u015eOV<\/strong>.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2474541760\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>28 Ekim 1898\u2019de Sofya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n bat\u0131 kesimindeki \u201cGorna Banya\u201dda (Yukar\u0131 Hamam) do\u011fdu. Osmanl\u0131dan koptuktan sonraki ilk 10 y\u0131lda bizde k\u00fct\u00fck kayd\u0131 yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, do\u011fum tarihi kesin olmayabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGorna Banya\u201d Osmanl\u0131da s\u0131cak kaynak \u0131l\u0131calar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcn ayn\u0131 marka \u015fi\u015felenmi\u015f madeni sular yurt i\u00e7inde ve d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde i\u00e7me suyu olarak sat\u0131l\u0131yor. Kaynak daha 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u015f\u00f6yle bulunmu\u015f: Osmanl\u0131 S\u00fcvari alay\u0131 atlar\u0131 o b\u00f6lgede bak\u0131l\u0131yormu\u015f. Vito\u015f Da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kuzeyinde, L\u00fclin Da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da do\u011fusunda y\u00fcksek bir yayla olan bu yer, k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda kal\u0131n kar kaplarken, don ve kar tutmayan alaca sahalar beliriyormu\u015f ve atlar hep o alanlara toplan\u0131yormu\u015f. Dikkatleri \u00fczerine \u00e7eken bu olay kaz\u0131 yap\u0131larak \u015fifal\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. Sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck hamlar, \u00e7e\u015fmeler, tedavi merkezleri, hanlar ve konaklar kurulmu\u015ftur. 1878\u2019de Sofya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesiyle Gorna Banya da Rus egemenlik alan\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f ve \u015eakir Pa\u015fov i\u015fte bu yerle\u015fim yerinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus taraf\u0131ndan 2 kez milletvekili se\u00e7ilen ve Sofya parlamentosuna oturan \u015eakir Pa\u015fov 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bulgaristan \u00c7ingene az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck sayg\u0131nl\u0131k kazanan ki\u015fidir. Bug\u00fcn de \u015eakir Pa\u015fov ismini i\u015fiten ve kim oldu\u011funu bilmeyen yoktur.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fdu\u011fu mahalledeki T\u00fcrk ilkokulunu bitirdikten sonra Sofya Demir Yolu Teknik Okulunda okudu. Demiryolu i\u015f\u00e7isi oldu. Bulgaristan i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin \u00f6nc\u00fc m\u00fcfrezelerinden olan demiryolu i\u015f\u00e7ileri sendikal hareketine kat\u0131ld\u0131. Gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta Bulgaristan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi (BKP) saflar\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 arifesinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ka\u00e7mak zorunda kald\u0131. Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ve Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n da kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015flarda son t\u00fcfek patlay\u0131nca Sofya\u2019ya d\u00f6nen \u015eakir Pa\u015fov \u00c7ingenelere \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc direni\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fctme yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131. Lider olarak sivrildi. \u00d6rg\u00fctleyicili\u011fi tuttu. Te\u015fkilat T\u00fcrk dilinde \u201c<strong>Terbiye<\/strong>\u201d gazetesini onun \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Gazetenin ba\u015fyaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 hep o yazd\u0131. 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgar b\u00fcy\u00fck burjuvazisi taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen askeri darbe \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve gazetesini yasakland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eakir Pa\u015fov \u00c7arl\u0131k y\u0131llarl\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadelesini \u015f\u00f6yle yazd\u0131:<\/p><div id=\"bghab-962619090\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201c1923\u2019te Sofya\u2019n\u0131n \u201c<strong>\u00dc\u00e7 Bunar<\/strong>\u201d i\u015f\u00e7i mahallesinde se\u00e7imleri \u00f6rg\u00fctledik. \u201cDimitir Petkov\u201d soka\u011f\u0131ndaki se\u00e7im b\u00fcrosuna gelen BKP lideri Geori Dimitrov\u2019a sald\u0131ran fa\u015fist gruplar\u0131 bizim gen\u00e7ler da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131. Parti \u00f6nderini tramvaya u\u011furlarken, Dimitrov bana \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: \u201c<strong>\u015eakir g\u00fcn gelecek biz iktidar olaca\u011f\u0131z ve sen de etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k y\u00f6neticisi olarak y\u00fcksek g\u00f6revler alacaks\u0131n!\u201d<\/strong> \u0130\u015fte o beklenen 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1944 geldi.\u00a0 1919\u2019dan ba\u015flayarak 1944\u2019e kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131m anti-kapitalist ve anti-fa\u015fist m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7ti. Ba\u015fkent \u00c7ingenelerini adalet ve h\u00fcrriyet fikirleriyle e\u011fitip davaya kazanmak zordu. \u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u015e. Pa\u015fov 1945\u2019te B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019ne\u00a0 Sofyal\u0131lar\u0131n temsilcisi olarak girdi.<\/p>\n<p>Meclis ar\u015fivindeki evraklarda onun Rusya Ekim Devrimi\u2019nin etkisiyle 1918\u2019de Bulgaristan \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi\u00a0 (dar sosyalistlere) \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu yaz\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Sofya \u00c7ingeneleri Bulgar i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctleri yan\u0131nda yani sol cephede yer ald\u0131. \u201cR\u00f6nesans\u201d sinemas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir toplant\u0131dan aralar\u0131nda para toplay\u0131p \u201c<strong>Aslanl\u0131 K\u00f6pr\u00fc<\/strong>\u201d meydan\u0131nda BKP Merkez Y\u00f6netim binas\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulundular. 1922\u2019de Sofya\u2019y\u0131 ziyaret eden Alman ve Avrupa i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi lideri Klara Tsetkin ayn\u0131 sinema salonunda Bulgar i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 temsilcileriyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Toplant\u0131ya \u015eakir Pa\u015fov delege grubu ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131. Bir konu\u015fma yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da 1923\u2019te anti-fa\u015fist Eyl\u00fcl Ayaklanmas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Gerici g\u00fc\u00e7lerle kap\u0131\u015fmalar kat\u0131lan \u015e. Pa\u015fov kovu\u015fturmadan ka\u00e7t\u0131 ve Kuzey Bat\u0131 Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n K\u00f6stendil kasabas\u0131na sakland\u0131. Orada 1 y\u0131l kald\u0131. Sonra ba\u015fkente d\u00f6nd\u00fc. \u0130llegal faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. \u00c7ingene parti \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden politik sahneye \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler ve kom\u00fcnistler aras\u0131nda Tek Cephe kurulmas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Bulgar \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi aday\u0131 olarak milletvekili se\u00e7ildi. 15 Nisan 1925\u2019te \u00c7ar II. Boris\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla Sofya merkezindeki \u201cTsveta Nedelya\u201d kilisesinde suikast d\u00fczenlendi. Bir ayin esnas\u0131nda kilise kubbesi havaya u\u00e7uruldu. Bir\u00e7ok illegal partiliyle birlikte o da tutukland\u0131. Aylarca i\u00e7erde kald\u0131. Evi arand\u0131. 3 ay sonra serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz takip edildi\u011fini sezdi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bir daha ka\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kald\u0131ktan tan sonra, 3 \u00e7ocuklu ailesini orada b\u0131rak\u0131p Bulgaristan\u2019a d\u00f6nd\u00fc. 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1944 darbesinden bir g\u00fcn sonra Sofya\u2019da \u201cVrab\u00e7a\u201d soka\u011f\u0131nda bulunan BKP Merkezine gidip yeni idareyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istedi\u011fini beyan etti. \u015eahsi kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda 6 Mart 1945\u2019te <strong>Bulgaristan \u00c7ingene Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Fa\u015fizme ve Irk Ayr\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Kalk\u0131nma U\u011frunda Umum M\u00fccadele Te\u015fkilat\u0131<\/strong> kuruldu. Te\u015fkilat memleket \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlendikten sonra Vatan Cephesi\u2019ne kat\u0131ld\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l birinci Vatan Cephesi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kurulmas\u0131yla Umum Az\u0131nl\u0131k Dernekleri Birli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00c7ingene Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atand\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3560198789\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>O y\u0131llarda \u00c7ingene n\u00fcfusun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yo\u011fun bir hamle ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015e. Pa\u015fov \u201c<strong>Roma\u201d <\/strong>tiyatrosu kurdu. 1946\u2019da \u201cRomano esi\u201d (\u00c7ingenelerin Sesi) gazetesi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7ingene az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n futbol tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kuruldu. Bulgaristan ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun \u00c7ingene alfabesi haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>\u00c7ingenelerin Sesi<\/strong>\u201d gazetesinde edit\u00f6r olan Ya\u015far Sotirov, bir az\u0131nl\u0131k lideri olarak kabul edilen ve \u00fcn\u00fc \u00fclkede dalgalanan \u015e. Pa\u015fov\u2019u \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131tt\u0131:<strong> \u201cMilattan sonra 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Hindistan Kral\u0131 biz \u00c7ingeneleri t\u00fcm t\u00fcm da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131. O zaman onlara yol g\u00f6steren k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00f6nder Berko olmu\u015ftu. As\u0131rlar sonra Bulgaristan \u00c7ingenelerini dald\u0131klar\u0131 sonsuz uykudan, demokrasi, h\u00fcrriyet ve adalet davas\u0131na uyand\u0131ran \u00e7in \u015eakir Mahmudov Pa\u015fov oldu.\u201d <\/strong>Bu yaz\u0131dan ve \u015e. Pa\u015fov\u2019un isminin Dimitrov ve Stalin\u2019in isimleriyle yan yana i\u015fitilmeye ve yaz\u0131lmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca devlet politikas\u0131 rota de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Az\u0131nl\u0131klardan kimsenin halk \u00f6nderi olarak y\u00fckselip \u00fcnlenmesine tahamm\u00fcl g\u00f6stermeyen sosyalist iktidar \u00c7ar polisiyle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle \u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019u 7 Nisan 1949 g\u00fcn\u00fc Bulgaristan \u00c7ingenelerinin K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve E\u011fitim Birli\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 g\u00f6revinden ald\u0131 ve hapse att\u0131. O y\u0131llarda konuya de\u011finen bilinen yazar Radoy Ralin, \u201c<strong>Roma<\/strong>\u201d tiyatro grubunun Viyana turnesi esnas\u0131nda fazla para harcanmas\u0131n\u0131 tutuklamaya gerek\u00e7e olarak g\u00f6sterdi. \u015e. Pa\u015fov ise, poliste yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itirafta, Viyana turnesine \u00e7\u0131kmazdan \u00f6nce zaman\u0131n ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Georgi Dimitrov\u2019un kendisiyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve devlet \u00f6dene\u011finden \u00f6zel ihtiya\u00e7lar i\u00e7in verdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1956\u2019da serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lan ve aklanan \u015e. Pa\u015fov Sofya\u2019da \u201c<strong>Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl<\/strong>\u201d \u00c7ingene Halk Evi y\u00f6netimine al\u0131nd\u0131. Ne var ki, ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan m\u00fczevirlikler sonucu 1959\u2019da yine tutukland\u0131 ve \u201cDobruca\u201dya 3 y\u0131l s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. 1960\u2019ta yine akland\u0131 ve sal\u0131verildi. 1976\u2019da BKP MK ona \u201c<strong>Fa\u015fizme ve Kapitali\u015fme Kar\u015fi Etkin Sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/strong>\u201d unvan\u0131 verdi. Hayat\u0131ndaki b\u00fck\u00fcmlere ra\u011fmen \u015e. Pa\u015fov bir politikac\u0131, etkin ve sevilen bir \u00f6nder, bir gazeteci ve yazar olarak bo\u015f durmad\u0131. \u201c<strong>\u00c7ingene Tarihi<\/strong>\u201d ve \u201c<strong>Beyaz \u00c7ingene G\u00fczeli<\/strong>\u201d adl\u0131 sahne oyunu gibi eserler kaleme ald\u0131. Fakat 1970\u2019lerden sonra \u00c7ingenelerin \u00f6zel bir tarihsel k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmek ve \u00c7ingene piyeslerini sahneye koymak zor olmu\u015ftu. O y\u0131llarda \u00c7ingenelerin adlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirildi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar\u0131 budand\u0131, asimile etme yelkenlerine r\u00fczgar dolmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019un otobiyografisini ara\u015ft\u0131ran ve yazan gazeteci Lilyana Kova\u00e7eva yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u015fu sat\u0131rlara yer verdi:<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2269336318\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201c<strong>Bulgaristan \u00c7ingenelerinden biri olup, lise \u00f6\u011frenimi olan ve onlar\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011fini yapan tek ki\u015fidir. Sevilen ve say\u0131lan, bu etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ard\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fckleyebilen yeteneklere sahip biriydi. Her zaman parlak ve imrenilen bir \u015fekilde giyinen, konu\u015fmalar\u0131 kulaklar\u0131 ok\u015fayan \u015eakir Pa\u015fov \u00c7ingene az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fr\u0131na bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 ki\u015filik sahibiydi. Onun ba\u015f\u0131na gelen \u00e7eli\u015fkili olaylar, Bulgaristan ger\u00e7ekli\u011finin k\u0131sa d\u00f6nemli virajlar\u0131na ayak uydurma gere\u011finden ve do\u011fal zorluklardan kaynakland\u0131. O, Bulgaristan \u00c7ingene toplulu\u011funun uyanmas\u0131nda, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinde ve ayd\u0131nlanmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynad\u0131.<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Onun hayat yolunda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olaylardan biri, 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1944\u2019ten \u00f6nce ve sonra yani hem fa\u015fizm d\u00f6neminde hem de sosyalizm y\u0131llar\u0131nda s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesidir. Bu da Bulgar devlet mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n hep ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6nemli bir kan\u0131tt\u0131r. \u0130ki defas\u0131nda da Dobri\u00e7\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 Rogozina k\u00f6y\u00fcne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Onun hayat\u0131n\u0131 anlatan baz\u0131 ba\u015fka ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131larsa \u201c<strong>Belene<\/strong>\u201d \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etti. 83 ya\u015f\u0131nda yani 1981\u2019de hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumarken yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, o \u00c7ingene az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n isimlerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel katliama u\u011framas\u0131n\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131. 1970\u2019ten sonra BKP politikas\u0131ndan hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gizlemedi. 1972\u2019de Pomaklar\u0131n kimliklerine yap\u0131lan \u015fiddetli sald\u0131r\u0131lar, tutuklama ve aile s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri, devaml\u0131 gerilen politik duruma ra\u011fmen \u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019un evinde oturma odas\u0131na \u00c7ar III. Boris\u2019in ve T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn resimlerini \u00e7er\u00e7eveletip asmas\u0131 ziyaret\u00e7ilerin dikkatini hep \u00fczerine toplad\u0131. \u015eakir Pa\u015fov devaml\u0131 aray\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde olan bir politikac\u0131yd\u0131. Sofya sokaklar\u0131nda fa\u015fist ruhla zehirlenmi\u015f gen\u00e7lerin n\u00fcmayi\u015f etti\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e y\u00fcre\u011fi burkuluyordu. O Bulgar yurtseverli\u011finin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesinden yana tav\u0131r al\u0131rken, milliyet\u00e7ilikten kaynaklanan \u00f6teki d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyordu. Oysa Bulgar ulusal uyan\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde, Nisan 1876 Ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda ve at \u00fcst\u00fcnde savrulan k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u00f6v\u00fclmesinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck emek \u00c7ingenelerindi. Osmanl\u0131 \u00fcmmeti i\u00e7inde iyi ya\u015fayan \u00c7ingene milletin Bulgar fa\u015fizmin t\u0131rmanmas\u0131yla s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 onun can\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a s\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ne var ki, 1930\u2019lu ve 40\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda a\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 dar bo\u011faz\u0131n 1970\u2019ten sonra ba\u015fka bir k\u0131l\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 da anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r gibi de\u011fildi. Resmi politik ideoloji ile pratik politika birbirini tutmuyordu. Sosyalizm darc\u0131\u011f\u0131na doldurulan eritme politikalar\u0131, fa\u015fizmin \u00c7ingene n\u00fcfusu gaz kamaralar\u0131nda yak\u0131p eritmesi kadar \u00fcrperticiydi.<\/p>\n<p>28 \u015eubat 1947\u2019de BKP MK Politik B\u00fcrosu onun lehinde \u015f\u00f6yle bir karar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ba\u015fbakan V\u0131lko \u00c7ervenkov, \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Anton Yugov ve partinin en y\u00fcksek politik organ\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan imzalanan ve Halk Meclisi ar\u015fivinde korunan bir belgede aynen \u015f\u00f6yle deniyor:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>Dimit\u0131r Ganev yolda\u015f milletvekilinden istifa etmi\u015ftir. B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019ne \u015eakir Pa\u015fov (\u00c7ingene) yolda\u015f\u0131n girmesi uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Liste s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda istifas\u0131 kabul edilenin ard\u0131nda olan Georgi Vrab\u00e7enski ve Hristina Bradinska\u2019ya milletvekili olmaktan vazge\u00e7meleri teklif edilsin ve gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcls\u00fcn<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bu karar\u0131n ekine \u201c<strong>\u015eakir Ba\u015fov\u2019un 1920 demiryolu i\u015f\u00e7ileri grevine kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u201d belgelenerek dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir gizli belgeyi kaleme alan ki\u015fi ise, \u201c<strong>\u015e. Pa\u015fov\u2019u 1931\u2019de tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Sofya \u201c\u00dc\u00e7 Bunar\u201d (dar sosyalistler) \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden oldu\u011funu, 1923 Eyl\u00fcl Ayaklanmas\u0131na ve \u201cSveta Nedelya\u201d kilisesi suikast olay\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daha sonra ezik d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve bu y\u00fczden olacak 1931 se\u00e7imlerine etkin kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>\u201d jurnal etmi\u015ftir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2631936273\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da muhbir dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdeyiz. Anla\u015f\u0131lan dosya i\u015fi yeni de\u011fil. D\u00fcnya d\u00fcnya olal\u0131 insanlar birbirlerini hep gammazlam\u0131\u015flar. \u0130\u015fine do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst ve namusluca bakan, her zaman halk\u0131n yan\u0131nda olan ki\u015filerin ba\u015f\u0131na belan\u0131n nereden ve nas\u0131l gelece\u011fi belli olmuyor. \u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019un defalarca tutuklanmas\u0131, hapis ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesi, aklanmas\u0131, milletvekili olma \u015ferefine lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi \u00e7ok \u00e7eli\u015fkili bir biyografinin baz\u0131 sayfalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Halka hizmet etmenin sonunda her zaman huzurlu bir ya\u015fam yoktur. Hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inden gelen ve liderli\u011fe y\u00fckselen \u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019un 1918\u2019den ba\u015flayarak m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde peki\u015fmi\u015f ve bilin\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir. Bu hayat yolunu belirleyen noktalar\u0131n asl\u0131nda muhbirlerin yaz\u0131p \u00e7izdi\u011fi sat\u0131rlardan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8211; bug\u00fcn mecliste ertesi g\u00fcn \u201cBelene\u201d \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131nda ya da s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde veya yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ka\u00e7ak &#8211; zorlu bir hayat\u0131n ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na seriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Gizli polis \u201cDS\u201d dosyalar\u0131ndan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 art\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Ge\u00e7mi\u015flerinden utananlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 yerin dibine girdi. \u015eehirleri terk edip k\u00f6ylerine \u00e7ekilenler, d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere ka\u00e7anlar, gidip de gelmeyenler pek \u00e7oktur. Bu biyografiyi size sunmakla, eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi bug\u00fcn de Bulgaristan\u2019da hayat \u00e7ok zor deyenlere kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131, zaman\u0131n ge\u00e7mesiyle de\u011fi\u015fen fazla bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, devlet i\u015flerinin eski hamam eski tas devam etti\u011fini, ad\u0131na demokratikle\u015fme denen toplumda da insanlar\u0131n izlenip dinlendi\u011fini anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Vaktiyle \u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019un\u00a0 sudan nedenlerle meclisten yaka pa\u00e7a at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, d\u00fcn (24.2.2014) Bulgar meclisinde GERB partisi milletvekili, meclis sa\u011fl\u0131k komisyonu ba\u015fkan\u0131, daha \u00f6nce Askeri Akademi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan General-Profes\u00f6r\u00a0 Stoyan Tonev istifaya zorland\u0131. Gerek\u00e7e, hastalar\u0131 soymak i\u00e7in mekanizmalar icat edip y\u0131llardan beri uygulamas\u0131 ve milyonlarca leva \u00e7almas\u0131d\u0131r. Akademi i\u00e7indeki ara\u015ft\u0131rma bir sinyal \u00fczerine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Demek baz\u0131 sinyaller i\u015fe de yarayabiliyor\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n otobiyografisini ve bu duruma gelmesinin temel nedenlerini birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn, k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n, yalanlar\u0131n, dalaverelerin yolunu kesmek ve dirilmek i\u00e7in gerekti\u011fi yerleri uyaral\u0131m. En b\u00fcy\u00fck iste\u011fim, Bulgaristanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk, Pomak ve \u00c7ingene ve t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n 21 y\u00fczy\u0131l hayat yolunun 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l hal terc\u00fcmesine benzememesidir. Bu hepimiz i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. \u015eakir Pa\u015fov\u2019un hayat\u0131 bize de ibret olsun.<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-3063807783\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Musa VATANSEVER \u00a0 Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yeni tarihi 5 ku\u015fak geriye dayan\u0131r.\u00a0 Ku\u015faklar\u0131n ortalama 25 y\u0131lda yenilendi\u011fi esas al\u0131n\u0131r. 1878 \u2013 2015 aras\u0131nda 137 y\u0131l oldu\u011fu hesab\u0131na<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yorum"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-3Ct","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13917"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13917\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}