{"id":13249,"date":"2015-01-19T12:06:57","date_gmt":"2015-01-19T10:06:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=13249"},"modified":"2015-01-19T12:06:57","modified_gmt":"2015-01-19T10:06:57","slug":"varnadan-zahoya-kacak-sigara-hatti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/varnadan-zahoya-kacak-sigara-hatti\/","title":{"rendered":"Varna\u2019dan Zaho\u2019ya ka\u00e7ak sigara hatt\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Milliyet, i\u00e7 piyasada uygulanan y\u00fcksek vergi oran\u0131 nedeniyle t\u00fcketimi rekor d\u00fczeye ula\u015fan, \u00fclkeye yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak sokulan Ka\u00e7ak<\/a> sigaran\u0131n izini Kuzey Irak<\/a>\u2019ta s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bulgaristan<\/a>\u2019dan gemiyle K\u00f6rfez\u2019e g\u00f6nderilen Bulgar yap\u0131m\u0131 ka\u00e7ak sigara, Malta<\/a>-K\u00f6rfez-Zaho hatt\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131yor. Ka\u00e7ak sigara nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin vergi kayb\u0131, 6.4 milyar liray\u0131 buluyor.
\nG\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin pek \u00e7ok kentte hemen her g\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 operasyonlara ra\u011fmen artarak devam eden sigara ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, rekor d\u00fczeye ula\u015ft\u0131. Resmi rakamlara g\u00f6re sigara t\u00fcketiminde d\u00fcnyada 9. s\u0131rada olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, y\u0131ll\u0131k 5.6 milyar paket sigara t\u00fcketiliyor. Bu rakam\u0131n maddi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise 40 milyar lira. 5.6 milyar paketin yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.5 milyar paketini olu\u015fturan y\u00fczde 80.5\u2019i yasal sigara firmalar\u0131nca, geri kalan 1.1 milyar paketini olu\u015fturan y\u00fczde 19.5\u2019i ise ka\u00e7ak yollardan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye sokuluyor. Ka\u00e7ak sigara nedeniyle vergi kayb\u0131n\u0131n ise 6.4 milyar lira oldu\u011fu biliniyor.
\nMilliyet iz s\u00fcrd\u00fc<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye giren ka\u00e7ak sigaran\u0131n izini s\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla Diyarbak\u0131r<\/a>-Zaho hatt\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131k. Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan sigara ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n merkezi, Kuzey Irak<\/a>\u2019\u0131n habur<\/a>\u2019a 20 kilometre uzakl\u0131ktaki s\u0131n\u0131r kenti Zaho. Zaho\u2019da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde \u00f6zel pasajlarda Zaholu ticaret erbab\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cyasal\u201d, ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6re \u201cka\u00e7ak\u201d olan sigaran\u0131n maceras\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zledik.
\nKa\u00e7ak ticaretin ba\u015flama noktas\u0131 Bulgaristan; ba\u015fta T\u00fcrkiye olmak \u00fczere K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerindeki ka\u00e7ak sigara piyasas\u0131n\u0131 elinde tutuyor. Bulgaristan\u2019daki bir sigara \u015firketinin, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ka\u00e7ak sigara pazar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinde etkin rol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilirken, \u015firketin m\u00fcdahalesiyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2009\u2019da y\u00fczde 4.7 olan ka\u00e7ak sigaran\u0131n oran\u0131n\u0131n 2013\u2019te y\u00fczde 19.9\u2019a ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ka\u00e7ak sigara pazar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019nin ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bu \u015firket nedeniyle oldu\u011fu vurgulan\u0131yor. Bu \u015firketin piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ka\u00e7ak sigaralar nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin son be\u015f y\u0131ldaki toplam vergi kayb\u0131n\u0131n ise 10 milyar lira oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor.
\nG\u00fczerg\u00e2h de\u011fi\u015fti<\/strong>
\nZaholu sigara tacirlerinin verdi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re; Bulgaristan\u2019da \u00fcretilen sigaralar, Varna<\/a>liman\u0131ndan gemilerle daha \u00f6nce do\u011frudan \u0130stanbul<\/a>\u2019a g\u00f6nderilirken, son d\u00f6nemde bu g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131n \u201cg\u00fcvenli\u201d olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle K\u00f6rfez\u2019e y\u00f6nlendirme yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Sigara y\u00fckl\u00fc gemiler, yeni rotada Malta\u2019ya u\u011frad\u0131ktan sonra S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131<\/a>\u2019n\u0131 takip ederek Yemen<\/a> ve Umman\u2019\u0131 ge\u00e7tikten sonra \u00fcnl\u00fc H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na giri\u015f yap\u0131yor. Buradaki ilk durak ise Dubai<\/a>\u2019nin Jebal Ali Liman\u0131. Bu limandan yine gemiyle \u0130ran<\/a>\u2019\u0131n Bandar Abbas Liman\u0131\u2019da karaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Bulgar sigaralar\u0131, buradan karayolu ile Irak\u2019\u0131n S\u00fcleymaniye kentindeki ana depolara getiriliyor.
\nS\u00fcleymaniye\u2019deki \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fcccarlar\u201d\u0131n kontrol\u00fcne giren Bulgar mal\u0131 sigara partileri, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ninG\u00fcneydo\u011fu<\/a> s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2h i\u00e7in \u00f6nce Erbil<\/a>\u2019de olu\u015fturulan \u201cara istasyona\u201d, sonras\u0131nda Zaho ve Dohuk\u2019a, do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7inse A\u011fr\u0131<\/a>\u2019ya do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yor. Zaho b\u00f6lgesi, A\u011fr\u0131\u2019ya g\u00f6re daha \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan bir g\u00fczerg\u00e2h olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Buradan hem Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 hem de Gaziantep<\/a> ve Hatay<\/a>\u2019a sevkiyat yap\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla Suriye<\/a>\u2019ye ka\u00e7ak sigara partileri g\u00f6nderiliyor.
\nTIR park\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015f<\/strong>
\nZaho\u2019da sigara al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi yapmak isteyenlerin en \u00f6nemli iki adresinden birisi s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hemen yak\u0131n\u0131nda \u201cbeton zemin\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck TIR park\u0131. Di\u011fer adres ise kent merkezindeki \u00f6zel bir \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131<\/a>. Kuzey Irak\u2019tan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ge\u00e7mek amac\u0131yla, \u201cbeton zemin\u201dde s\u0131raya giren TIR\u2019lar\u0131n \u015fof\u00f6rleri har\u00e7l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in TIR park\u0131ndaki basit bi\u00e7imde olu\u015fturulmu\u015f i\u015fyerlerinde pazarl\u0131k yaparak ka\u00e7ak sigaralar\u0131 \u201cpe\u015fin para\u201d kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sat\u0131n al\u0131yor. \u015eof\u00f6rler ara\u00e7lar\u0131n bo\u015f yerlerine ve stepnelere yerle\u015ftirdikleri ka\u00e7ak sigaralar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015farmalar\u0131 halinde Silopi<\/a>\u2019de ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olduklar\u0131 ki\u015filere satarak kazan\u00e7 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Stepnelere maksimum 80 karton (800 paket) yerle\u015ftirilebiliyor.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 arama azaltt\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Burada Habur S\u0131n\u0131r Kap\u0131s\u0131\u2019ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye giri\u015f yapan TIR say\u0131s\u0131na dikkat etmek gerekiyor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda Kuzey Irak\u2019tan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye giri\u015f yapan g\u00fcnl\u00fck TIR say\u0131s\u0131 2 bin 100, binek ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 ise 1600 ortalamas\u0131ndayd\u0131. Ancak, b\u00f6lgedeki sava\u015f ortam\u0131 nedeniyle bu say\u0131 TIR\u2019larda g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama bin 400, binek ara\u00e7larda 700\u2019e kadar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. S\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131nda ara\u00e7lar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 aramalarla ka\u00e7ak sigara giri\u015finde azalma oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.
\nZaho\u2019daki \u00f6zel \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131daki bir toptanc\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 halinde iki TIR sigaray\u0131 iki g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmeye haz\u0131r hale getirece\u011fi garantisini veriyor. Toptanc\u0131n\u0131n, iki TIR\u2019\u0131 dolduracak yakla\u015f\u0131k bin 600 koli sigaray\u0131 iki g\u00fcn gibi k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede haz\u0131rl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

6 bin kat\u0131r kullan\u0131l\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgedeki sigara ve e\u015fya ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan kat\u0131rlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 bin olarak tahmin ediliyor. Bir kat\u0131r be\u015f ya da alt\u0131 koli sigara ta\u015f\u0131yabiliyor. Kat\u0131rlar\u0131n fiyat\u0131 5-9 bin lira de\u011firken, \u015e\u0131rnak\u2019a ge\u00e7i\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u0131rada i\u00e7inde kat\u0131rlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bir kamyonun kent giri\u015finde polisin kontrol\u00fcne tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k oluyoruz. S\u0131n\u0131ra getirilen koli sigaralar\u0131n her ge\u00e7i\u015finde ortalama 3 bin-3 bin 500 kat\u0131r\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ortalama 18-21 bin koli aras\u0131nda sigara ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flan\u0131yor. Uzmanlar, bir kamyona yakla\u015f\u0131k 850 koli sigara s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>