{"id":12511,"date":"2014-12-14T11:40:19","date_gmt":"2014-12-14T09:40:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=12511"},"modified":"2014-12-14T11:40:19","modified_gmt":"2014-12-14T09:40:19","slug":"bulgaristan-turkleri-ustune-tarih-notlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/bulgaristan-turkleri-ustune-tarih-notlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri \u00dcst\u00fcne Tarih Notlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>BGSAM<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkleri anlatmak yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir kitab\u0131n sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 okumak kadar zordur.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyada ya\u015fayan halklar\u0131n atalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7 selleriyle hareketlendi\u011finde, onlar\u0131n soylar\u0131 da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Ata Vatan bildikleri vadi ve yama\u00e7lara Bizans ve Osmanl\u0131 \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda konmu\u015f ve kendilerinden \u00f6nce ve sonra gelenlere karde\u015f ve kom\u015fu demi\u015flerdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Bulgaristan Cumhuriyeti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bir T\u00fcrk ve \u0130slam kitlesi olarak olu\u015fmalar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine rastlar. Herkesin de bildi\u011fi gibi Osmanl\u0131 bir Balkan Devletiydi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6yle ki, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk etnik halk toplulu\u011fu, tarih i\u00e7inde karma\u015f\u0131k etnik, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde geli\u015fen ve somut Bulgar ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bi\u00e7imlenen bir tarihsel olgudur. Etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak \u015fekillenmesi (1877 \/ 1878) Rus \u2013 Osmanl\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6z bilinci olan bu halk toplulu\u011fu ana dili, dini, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, adet ve gelenekleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, Bulgar ulusundan ve Bulgar halk\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan di\u011fer \u00f6\u011felerden farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterir.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-621799157\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bulgaristan ger\u00e7ekli\u011finde bir olu\u015fturucu unsur olan T\u00fcrk etnik toplulu\u011fu \u00f6zellikli bir yere sahip olup Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yeni ve en yeni tarihinde \u015fimdi de belirli bir rol oynuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Son yirmi otuz y\u0131lda onun Bulgaristan ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc son derece akt\u00fcel \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6sterdi. Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 60\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Bulgar totaliter rejimi T\u00fcrklerden tamamen kurtulma yollar\u0131 arad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Onlar\u0131 toplu g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlamay\u0131 hesaplad\u0131. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri sorununun g\u00f6\u00e7le \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyece\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yeni k\u00f6kl\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, doruk noktas\u0131 <strong>\u201csoya d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f\u201d<\/strong> trajedisi olan, asimilasyon politikas\u0131 uygulamay\u0131 benimsedi. \u00d6z\u00fcnde, etnik T\u00fcrk kimli\u011finin zorla eritilerek Bulgar kimli\u011fiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi olan bu y\u00fcz karas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7, halen Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk halk toplulu\u011fu \u00f6n\u00fcne, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak var olma ve kendi gelece\u011fini yaratma sorununu t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131yla koydu.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde Bulgaristan\u2019da etnik sorunlar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemin ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc artmas\u0131 sonucunda, \u00fclkede ya\u015fayan Bulgarlar ve T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde uyumlu ya\u015fama yolunda anla\u015fma iyi kom\u015fuluk ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc geleneklerini canland\u0131r\u0131p s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme gereklili\u011fi bu halk toplulu\u011funun yak\u0131n ve uzak ge\u00e7mi\u015fini irdeleme gere\u011fini g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bilimsel ama\u00e7l\u0131 olmak \u00fczere XXI. yy.la girerken bir\u00e7ok ilk ad\u0131m at\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0 Kaleme almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z elinizdeki k\u0131sa u\u011fra\u015f\u0131, son d\u00f6nem politik geli\u015fmelerin g\u00fcncel yorumlanmas\u0131na ayarl\u0131 yeni yanl\u0131\u015flar yap\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak vermemek amac\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri tarihini, Osmanl\u0131, 1877 \u2013 1878 d\u00f6neminden sonra; \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131 1918 \u2013 1939 d\u00f6nemi; 1944 \u2013 1990 totaliter sosyalist d\u00f6nem, onun i\u00e7indeki 1985\u20131990 <strong>\u201cBulgarla\u015ft\u0131rma\u201d<\/strong> katliam\u0131 ile <strong>\u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7,\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0 ve 1990\u2019dan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan sahte demokrasi d\u00f6nemi olarak incelemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2253396073\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Bu a\u015famalar aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6nemlerin hepsinde egemen olan Bulgar ulusu, bir az\u0131nl\u0131k olan T\u00fcrk halk toplulu\u011funa kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik, birbirinin devam\u0131 olan ya da hatta birbirini ret eden politikalar uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. XX. yy.\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015f\u0131, Bulgar devlet ve parti politikalar\u0131nda odak noktas\u0131 ve strateji belirleyici olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Bir de, bunlar olurken, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n yeni tarihinin her a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00e7ok aktif olumlu kurucu g\u00fc\u00e7 rol\u00fc oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Daha 1878\u2019de Bulgar topraklar\u0131ndan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk y\u0131lda, Kurucu Meclis olan T\u0131rnovo B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nde 40 T\u00fcrk milletvekili Anayasa haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131p birlikte var olman\u0131n sa\u011flam temellerini atm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Daha sonra se\u00e7ilen Bulgar yasama organlar\u0131n\u0131n hepsinde T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendi se\u00e7ti\u011fi temsilcilerle yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Balkan topraklar\u0131ndaki ilk \u015fiddetli sava\u015flara rastlayan 1913\u2019lerde derin bunal\u0131ma d\u00fc\u015fen Bulgar devletinin belini do\u011frultmas\u0131nda Radoslav\u2019un partisine destek veren <strong>14 ki\u015filik T\u00fcrk Milletvekili grubu<\/strong>, tarih yazan rol oynad\u0131. Bulgaristan Halk \u00c7ift\u00e7i Partisinin (BH\u00c7B) iktidar\u0131nda <strong>( 1920 \u2013 1923 ) Mecliste 10 T\u00fcrk<\/strong> milletvekili, <strong>1923\u2019te 4,<\/strong> <strong>1927 se\u00e7imlerinde ise yine BH\u00c7P listesinden olmak \u00fczere 6 milletvekili<\/strong> yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-981162502\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>T\u00fcrk vekiller Ba\u015fbakan Al.\u00a0 Stamboliyski\u2019nin k\u00f6kl\u00fc reformlar\u0131n\u0131 her bak\u0131ma desteklemi\u015ftir.\u00a0 21 Haziran 1931\u2019de yap\u0131lan parlamento se\u00e7imlerinde BH\u00c7P (Vrap\u00e7a -1), Demokrat Parti ve di\u011fer demokratik g\u00fc\u00e7lerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Halk Cephesi\u2019ni destekleyen T\u00fcrk se\u00e7men Sofya\u2019da h\u00fck\u00fcmet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine neden olmu\u015ftur. Bu aktif politik etkinlik 1921 \u2013 1931 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 kesintisiz devam eden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 \u015fartlar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, III. Bulgar devleti olarak tarihe ge\u00e7en, \u00c7arl\u0131k rejiminde de verilen Vatan kavgam\u0131za tan\u0131kl\u0131k eder. 1934 askeri darbesinden sonra, b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f arifesinde ve esnas\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019da yasama hayat\u0131 felce u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Elinizdeki Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri \u00dczerine Tarih Notlar\u0131\u2019nda, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili, Bulgar devletinin olu\u015fturup izledi\u011fi politikalar\u0131n,\u00a0 \u00f6ncelikle daha yeni bir d\u00f6nemi olan,\u00a0 \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131n\u0131, totaliter sosyalizm d\u00f6nemini (1944 \/ 1990), onun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcrecini ve \u00e7ok k\u0131sa noktalamalarla 1990\u2019dan sonra yerle\u015fen yalanc\u0131 demokrasi a\u015famas\u0131nda hain bir tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fc\u015flerini ele almak istiyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan (1945) sonra, Bulgaristan\u2019da ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131k sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde <strong>iki e\u011filim<\/strong> ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bir, <\/strong>az\u0131nl\u0131k etnik kimlik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc koruyup geli\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lar.\u00a0 Enternasyonalizm, dayan\u0131\u015fma, ulusal zulme son verilmesi, yazg\u0131 belirleme gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130<strong>kincisi de<\/strong>,\u00a0 o y\u0131llarda hakim olmaya ba\u015flayan Marksist ilkelerden resmen vazge\u00e7meden, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda katmerle\u015fen \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015fma hedefini rafa kald\u0131r\u0131p, sava\u015ftan sonra geli\u015fim modeli olarak Bat\u0131 demokrasisini ve sosyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 koyma yolunu se\u00e7en T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ayn\u0131 dili konulan bu ahaliyi etkileyici propaganda imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 mutlakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2923616332\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu e\u011filimin sentezini <strong>1947 y\u0131l\u0131nda Moskova ile dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra<\/strong> \u015eumen tren istasyonunda bir konu\u015fma yapan parti \u00f6nderi <strong>Georgi Dimitrov<\/strong> \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirdi: \u201cUlusal az\u0131nl\u0131klara t\u00fcm haklar\u0131 tan\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r, fakat T\u00fcrklerle dikkatli olunuz! Onlar e\u015fit hakl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r, Bulgarlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi ayn\u0131 politik ve sivil haklar\u0131 sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar, olanaklar el verdi\u011finde kendi dillerinde okumal\u0131, okul ve camileri olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat T\u00fcrkler olarak <strong>\u00f6zel bir ulusal T\u00fcrk hareket temsil etmeden<\/strong>, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc aksi halde \u00fclkede T\u00fcrk ajanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ko\u015fullar olu\u015fabilir. Bizse T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Avrupa\u2019dan Asya\u2019ya do\u011fru geri itmek istiyoruz. Biz T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ilerini tan\u0131m\u0131yoruz. T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131nda Bulgar dili zorunlu okutulan dil olacakt\u0131r.\u201d Konu\u015fmada ifade buldu\u011fu \u00fczere, Kom\u00fcnist partisi lideri, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den kopar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve dikkatini Sofya ve Moskova\u2019ya \u00e7evirmesini istedi.<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn temelinde, 10 \u015eubat 1947\u2019de Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n M\u00fcttefik devletlerle imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131 <\/strong>ger\u00e7e\u011fi vard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l kabul edilen <strong>Yeni<\/strong> Bulgar <strong>Anayasas\u0131 T\u00fcrklere k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini ve dillerini geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131r.<\/strong>\u00a0 Bir de, <strong>1947 Anayasas\u0131yla <\/strong>Bulgaristan\u2019da tek partili sosyalist totaliter d\u00fczenin hukuksal temelleri at\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7eli\u015fki i\u00e7inde olu\u015fan yeni ortamda, 1947 &#8211; 1949 aras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131klar konusunda Birinci E\u011filim uyguland\u0131. O y\u0131llarda, \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun % 9.6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim haklar\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. Eski rejimlerin e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u0131nda uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasaklar kalkt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 politik ya\u015fama kazan\u0131lmak suretiyle sosyalizm kuruculu\u011funa \u00e7ekilme rotas\u0131 belirlendi.<\/p>\n<p>An\u0131msatmak yerinde olur. Geleneksel olarak Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi y\u0131llarda BH\u00c7P, Demokrat Parti, Liberaller gibi sol kanat partilere \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bak\u0131yor ve onlar\u0131 destekliyordu. Sava\u015ftan sonraki ilk y\u0131llarda BH\u00c7P (N. Petkov) kanad\u0131, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa ilgi g\u00f6sterirken onlar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli uyard\u0131. Kom\u00fcnist Partinin iktidarda tutunduktan sonra,\u00a0 \u00f6nce T\u00fcrklere sald\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na ikaz etti. Din hakk\u0131n\u0131n hedef olaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda 1947 B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi se\u00e7imlerinde T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131k oyunu muhalefete verdi. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda hakl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 tarih kan\u0131tlayan \u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin o y\u0131llardaki yo\u011fun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, kom\u00fcnistler Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 da olsa tan\u0131d\u0131. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki rakamlar T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n umudunu artt\u0131rmas\u0131na yetti de artt\u0131. 1943 \/ 1944\u2019te 424 olan T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 1947 \/ 1948 ders y\u0131l\u0131nda 894 olurken, \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 da 37\u00a0335\u2019ten 88\u00a0600 \u2018e \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-524768541\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bas\u0131n yay\u0131n ve propaganda i\u015flerine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verildi. T\u00fcrk dilinde \u201cI\u015f\u0131k\u201d, \u201cYeni I\u015f\u0131k\u201d, \u201cZiya, \u201cEyl\u00fclc\u00fc \u00c7ocuk\u201d, \u201cHalk Gen\u00e7li\u011fi\u201d ad\u0131nda gazeteler \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Eski Zara (Stara Zagora) ve Sofya\u2019da ba\u015flayan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131 giderek saatlerini artt\u0131rd\u0131. \u201cHalk E\u011fitim\u201d ve \u201cParti Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u201d gibi bas\u0131m evleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kitap basmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Okul kitaplar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. \u0130l merkezlerindeki T\u00fcrk lise ve pedagoji okullar\u0131nda ve Sofya \u00dcniversitesinde T\u00fcrk kadrolar yeti\u015fiyordu. Sosyal ya\u015fam hareketlendi, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6z k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ye\u015ferdi.\u00a0 K\u0131rcaali, Razgrad ve \u015eumen T\u00fcrk Tiyatrolar\u0131 perde a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Amat\u00f6r kolektifler sahne doldurdu.\u00a0 T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6y ve kentlerde yeni hava estiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Kom\u00fcnist Partisi (BKP) MK\u2019deki \u201cT\u00fcrk \u015eubesi\u201d y\u00f6netiyordu. Bu \u015fube ikide bir isim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kaydetse de, 1984 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni e\u011filimi belirleyen ilk iki d\u00f6nemde al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n halka indirilmesinde T\u00fcrk milletvekillerinden Sabri Demir ile Ahmet Yakubov aktif rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk ahalisinin ana \u00fcretim arac\u0131 olan, toprak m\u00fclkiyetine ili\u015fkin yasa de\u011fi\u015fikler kabul edildi ve 25 bin T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcne bedava toprak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Do\u011fu Rodoplar\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin ana ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 olan t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc devlet sat\u0131n almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 30 bin T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yl\u00fc ihtiyara emeklilik ba\u011fland\u0131. \u00c7ok \u00e7ocuklu ailelere kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z g\u0131da ve para yard\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3842785898\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Yeni politik ortamda aktifle\u015fen T\u00fcrklerden 31 bin ki\u015fi daha 1948\u2019de kom\u00fcnistlere kar\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, 73 bin ki\u015fi de Vatan Cephesi\u2019ne girdi. 1949\u2019daki ola\u011fan meclise 6, B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019ne 11 T\u00fcrk milletvekili se\u00e7ildi. 1949\u2019da 2 220 T\u00fcrk yerel meclislerde yer ald\u0131. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri merkez ve temel idarelere davet edilmi\u015fti ve kay\u0131l\u0131yordu. Totaliter sosyalist topluma \u0131s\u0131nma s\u00fcreci b\u00f6yle h\u0131z ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu c\u00f6mertli\u011fe ra\u011fmen,\u00a0 totaliter sosyalist rejim, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini y\u00fczde y\u00fcz kucaklayamad\u0131. 1950\u20131951\u2019de yeni rejimi kabul etmeyenler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler.<\/p>\n<p>Parti V. Kongresi, sosyalizm davas\u0131na \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bakan ama g\u00f6nl\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de olanlardan kurtulma stratejisi geli\u015ftirdi. \u0130ktidar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lenen kom\u00fcnistlerin yeni \u00f6nlemleri, T\u00fcrklerin gelenekleri, ya\u015fam \u00f6zellikleri ve \u0130slam dini gerekleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmadan dayat\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.\u00a0 Tek tarafl\u0131 geli\u015fmeler say\u0131ca kalabal\u0131k olan T\u00fcrk ortam\u0131nda duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131. Rahats\u0131z olanlar oldu. Din i\u015fleri \u00fczerinde s\u0131k\u0131 devlet kontrol\u00fc daha 1945\u2019te uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0 Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fc ve \u0130l M\u00fcft\u00fcleri, Y\u00fcksek Din Konseyi ile \u015eeriat Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve heyeti \u00fcyelerini devlet taraf\u0131ndan atan\u0131yordu. Dinsel ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc budan\u0131yordu. Din i\u015fleri D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fland\u0131. Evlenme bo\u015fanma i\u015fleri m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fcklerden al\u0131nd\u0131. \u0130l M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckleri 38\u2019den 17\u2019ye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn medreseler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda okul ve e\u011fitime kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olamazd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Din e\u011fitimi yok derece azald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgar D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan izin almadan cami, mescit vs. in\u015faatlar\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu. Vak\u0131f etkinliklerine son verildi. An\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u015eumen din okulu N\u00fcvvab M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Ahmet Davuto\u011flu tutukland\u0131. \u00d6\u011fretmenlerden Osman K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 yarg\u0131land\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 ald\u0131. Rus\u00e7uk mahkemesinde ve daha bir\u00e7ok merkezde din adamlar\u0131 mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu geli\u015fmeler T\u00fcrk ahalisini etkilerken,\u00a0 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ve daha sonra rejime g\u00fcvensizlik belirdi. S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem kap\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2926755692\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>O y\u0131llarda, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri % 83 k\u0131rsal kesimde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131ndan, V. Kongresinde al\u0131nan kooperatif\u00e7ilik, topraklar\u0131 kooperatiflerde ortak i\u015fleme karar\u0131, T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan toprak sahibi olma hakk\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131 olarak alg\u0131land\u0131. K\u00f6yl\u00fclerin huzuru iyice ka\u00e7t\u0131. Tar\u0131msal i\u015f ekiplerinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayanlar\u0131n, kad\u0131nl\u0131 erkekli gruplarda birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ortam\u0131 iyice kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ba\u015fka bir neden oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Bu geli\u015fmeler seyrinde, uygulanmaya ba\u015flayan ve geni\u015f emek\u00e7i kitlelerini kapsayan reform nitelikli \u00f6nlemler T\u00fcrklerde ikirciklik yarat\u0131rken, onlar\u0131n yeni ortam\u0131n ba\u015fka se\u00e7enek sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelerine de yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n<p>O y\u0131llarda, i\u015fbu yepyeni ortamda, T\u00fcrk sorunu belirdi ve ufukta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc, T\u00fcrk sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne a\u00e7\u0131k kap\u0131 olarak g\u00f6renler, art\u0131k Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde s\u00f6z sahibi olmu\u015ftu. Sosyalist d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri t\u0131rman\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 bir yol olarak g\u00f6renler ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u00e7evirdi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6z\u00fcnde sosyalist yap\u0131lan\u0131\u015f\u0131nda totaliter olan Bulgar devletini kuran G. Dimitrov\u2019un bu yeni ortamda,\u00a0 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir konu\u015fma unutulacak gibi de\u011fildir. Bu konu\u015fma XX. asr\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131klar politikas\u0131nda kilometre ta\u015f\u0131 oldu.\u00a0 \u201c<strong>Aram\u0131zda kalmak \u015fart\u0131yla s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum, g\u00fcney s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in devaml\u0131 \u00fclser durumunda olan, Bulgar olmayan n\u00fcfus ya\u015f\u0131yor. Parti ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet olarak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u00f6dev, bu n\u00fcfusu oradan kald\u0131r\u0131p, ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelere aktarmak ve s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131na kendi Bulgar n\u00fcfusumuzu yerle\u015ftirmektir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik ba\u015fka noktalar\u0131nda, Razgrad ve \u015e\u00fcmen b\u00f6lgesinde, bir arada ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfus var. Az\u0131nl\u0131k gruplar\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z h\u00fcrriyet bah\u015feden rejimimizde, m\u00fcft\u00fcler ve di\u011fer T\u00fcrk ajanlar ba\u015f kald\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131; gen\u00e7ler T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi g\u00f6sterme yolunu se\u00e7iyor; g\u00f6zleri \u0130stanbul ve Ankara\u2019dad\u0131r. Onlara kar\u015f\u0131 gerekli t\u00fcm \u00f6nlemleri almak zorunday\u0131z. Bu sorun daha bu y\u0131l, yani 1948\u2019de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu karma\u015f\u0131k operasyonu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken Vatan Cephesi Milli Komitesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fturulacak Az\u0131nl\u0131klar Komisyonu en \u00f6nemli \u00f6devi \u00fcslenecektir. Biz, Bulgaristan Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019ni 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1944 \u00f6ncesindeki durumda asla b\u0131rakamay\u0131z<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1443755838\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bu konu\u015fmadan sonra, G\u00fcney Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan 685 T\u00fcrk aile, toplam 3\u00a0700 ki\u015fi yerlerinden al\u0131n\u0131p Kuzey Bulgaristan\u2019 a s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. G. Dimitrov\u2019un yukar\u0131daki konu\u015fmalar\u0131ndan sonra Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk sorunu ka\u015f\u0131nmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve kimileri i\u00e7in e\u011flence olurken di\u011ferlerine kan a\u011flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni uygulamaya ge\u00e7ilmeden \u00f6nce, o zaman her konuda son s\u00f6ze sahip olan\u00a0 Stalin\u2019le dan\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Stalin, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri konusunda \u201c<strong>kendilerine g\u00fcvenilmez unsurlar<\/strong>\u201d dedi.\u00a0 O, yeni Bulgar politikac\u0131lar\u0131n kafas\u0131na \u201c<strong>Pomaklar\u2019\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan dinine kazan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>\u201d fikrini de a\u015f\u0131lad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zg\u00fcn bir tarihsel ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri olan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri hakk\u0131nda bu kaim s\u00f6zler bundan 70 y\u0131l \u00f6nce s\u00f6ylendi. Bunlar\u0131 hayata \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p gelece\u011fimizi karartan ise, o zaman Vatan Cephesi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde Ba\u015fbakan, 1918\u2019de Bulgar Asker Ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan, 1923\u2019te Eyl\u00fcl Ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen,\u00a0 daha sonra Sofya \u201cTsveta Nedelya\u201d kilisesinde Bulgar \u00c7ar\u0131 III. Boris\u2019e suikast d\u00fczenleyenlerden biri olan, Moskova\u2019da Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal Genel Sekreteri g\u00f6revinde bulunan G. Dimitrov\u2019tu.<\/p>\n<p>Dimitrov\u2019un Ba\u015fbakan oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde, gerekse daha sonraki y\u0131llarda ve hatta g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri ile ilgili devlet ve parti politikas\u0131 her zaman <strong>ikiy\u00fczl\u00fc<\/strong> oldu: Bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcnsel kan\u0131tlamak \u00fczere, ba\u015fka \u00f6rneklere getirmemek \u015fart\u0131yla 1950 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnden \u00f6nce, 25 Temmuz 1949 tarihli bir Politik B\u00fcro karar\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msat\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6\u00e7 ruhu uyand\u0131ran ve \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 i\u00e7in aktif propaganda yapanlar<\/strong>\u201d partiden ihra\u00e7 edilmeleri de bu c\u00fcmleden olmak \u00fczere, de\u011fi\u015fik cezalara \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Bakanlar Kuruluna T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyenlere her t\u00fcrl\u00fc destek verilme plan \u2013 program\u0131 haz\u0131rlama \u00f6devi verildi. Politik B\u00fcro 18 A\u011fustos 1949 tarihli oturumunda g\u00f6\u00e7 konusunu yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u201c<strong>G\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyenlere engel olunmamas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kabul etmedi\u011fi T\u00fcrkleri ise, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerden al\u0131p, Kuzey Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n belirli yerlerine aktarda<\/strong>\u201d karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131. BHC D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise, 250\u00a0000 ki\u015fiyi 3 ay gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6nderme plan\u0131n\u0131 TC Sofa B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019ne hemen sundu.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2443979456\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-45-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>O zaman bilin\u00e7li olarak meydana getirilen bu son derece gergin ortamda, huzuru iyice ka\u00e7an, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek istemeseler bile, k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131nda kalamayacaklar\u0131 ve i\u00e7 Bulgaristan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlanacaklar\u0131 haberi oldu. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri kendileriyle ilgili geli\u015ftirilen bu ikiy\u00fczl\u00fc planlar\u0131 ve trajedi k\u00e2busunu birka\u00e7 defa daha ya\u015famak zorunda kald\u0131. Bu sinsi oyunlar\u0131n oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llardan 35 y\u0131l sonra amans\u0131z bir sald\u0131r\u0131yla uygulamaya konan \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d form\u00fcll\u00fc, devlete ve kom\u00fcnist partisine g\u00fcvensizli\u011fi doru\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ac\u0131 n\u00f6beti bu defa \u00e7ok daha y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ve \u015fiddetliydi. 136 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihsel ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan Yeni Bulgar devletinin 1945\u20131950 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 k\u0131sa tarih dilimi \u00fczerinde bu denli ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 durmam\u0131z\u0131n nedeni, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili politikalar\u0131n bi\u00e7im ve \u00f6z bak\u0131m\u0131ndan o y\u0131llarda olu\u015fturulmas\u0131ndand\u0131r. O y\u0131llarda \u00e7izilen <strong>T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili 1908 \/1944 otoriter fa\u015fist \u00c7arl\u0131k politikas\u0131 ile 1944 \/ 1990 sosyalist totaliter politikada aras\u0131nda \u00f6z bak\u0131m\u0131ndan pek fark yoktur. 1990 \/ 2014 d\u00f6neminde de ayn\u0131 uygulama ba\u015fka bir bi\u00e7imde, bu defa Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131na sokularak \u00f6z korunarak devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Parti kararlar\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00f6nlemleri T\u00fcrk ahalisince benimsenmedi\u011finden 1950- 1951 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne ortam yaratt\u0131. 1950 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan Kas\u0131m 1951 e kadar (yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l) Bulgaristan\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye 154\u00a0393 ki\u015fi g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fc. Onlarla yap\u0131lan anket yaln\u0131z % 11,1\u2019inin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131 kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili politika yine de\u011fi\u015fti. Onlar\u0131 kazan\u0131p totaliter sosyalizm davas\u0131na katma yolu a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131yd\u0131. Marksist teorinin esas\u0131nda olan ekonomik kalk\u0131nmayla sa\u011flanacak sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel e\u015fitlenmeyle yeni etnik ulusal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kimlikler olu\u015faca\u011f\u0131 umudu hedef g\u00f6sterildi. Bu amac\u0131 ate\u015flemek i\u00e7in e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr seferberli\u011fi ba\u015flad\u0131. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar Latin alfabesiyle ana dil kurslar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ti. Kuran kurslar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Bulgarca ders kitaplar\u0131 T\u00fcrk diline \u00e7evrildi. T\u00fcrk dili grameri bas\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrk edebiyat vs. kitaplar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\u00a0 Bulgar ve Rus klasikleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7ele\u015ftirildi. Yerli yazar ve \u015fairlerin t\u00fcm eserleri bas\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye sol yazarlar\u0131ndan N. Hikmet, S. Ali, O. Veli vb. yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bunlar\u0131 T\u00fcrk liselerindeki hummal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, tiyatrolardaki sanat faaliyetleri, amat\u00f6r sanat topluluklar\u0131nda uykusuz geceler izledi. \u00d6zet olarak Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc uyand\u0131. Bununla birlikte, bir de T\u00fcrk dilinde yeni bir politik k\u00fclt\u00fcr olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkesinde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklere T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc unutturmak i\u00e7in elinden geleni ard\u0131na koymayan Bulgaristan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bu konuda her zamankinden \u00e7ok daha zor bir durumda bulunuyor. XXI. yy. \u2019la b\u00fcy\u00fck bir at\u0131l\u0131mla giren T\u00fcrkiye, her bak\u0131ma h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015ferek d\u00fcnya birincileri aras\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131rken, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Bulgaristan \u00fczerindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi alt\u0131nda ezilirken, bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve yarg\u0131 de\u011ferlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorunda kald\u0131. Yerli T\u00fcrklerin \u00fczerinde kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ana dilde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkiyi durdurman\u0131n olanakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na kendisi de inand\u0131. T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc etkisinin Bulgar toplumunu ikiye b\u00f6lme tehlikesi belirdi\u011finde, s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131, radyo ve TV programlar\u0131n\u0131, bas\u0131m evlerini, terc\u00fcme b\u00fcrolar\u0131n\u0131, hastanelerini, ta\u015f\u0131t ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde etkile\u015fime a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu gidi\u015fle Bulgaristan\u2019da Bulgarca konu\u015fan bir T\u00fcrkiye olu\u015facak.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019da yerel se\u00e7imlerden sonra 1953\u2019te 3\u00a0647; 1956\u2019da 3\u00a0815 T\u00fcrk\u00fcn belediye dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 olmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde T\u00fcrklerin t\u00fcm haklar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu izlenimi do\u011furdu. Bu g\u00f6zlem, 2014\u2019te T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen belediye ve muhtarl\u0131klarda \u00f6nemli bir farkla \u015fimdi de canl\u0131d\u0131r. Ne var ki, 1950 \u2013 1960 y\u0131llar\u0131nda belediye ve muhtarl\u0131klar\u0131nda t\u00fcm i\u015fler T\u00fcrk dilinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Bug\u00fcn etnik bilin\u00e7 ile sivil bilin\u00e7 Bulgarca b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmi\u015f, ana dilimiz T\u00fcrk\u00e7e unutturuldu. Yerel idarelerde 2014\u2019te T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fmak yasakt\u0131r. Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Partisi\u2019nin 1990\u2019da dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c<strong>Bulgar etnik modeli<\/strong>\u201d hem bi\u00e7im hem de \u00f6z olarak, yaln\u0131z ve bir tek Bulgar kimli\u011fine ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-456772064\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-50-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda sosyalist totaliter rejimin T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu eden k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim politikalar\u0131n\u0131n hedefinde, \u015fekil olarak T\u00fcrk olmak ko\u015fuluyla i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sosyalist ve dinsiz bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr devrimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek vard\u0131. T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n geleneksel kimlik \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fckleri hedef al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel kimli\u011fi belirleyen \u00f6z\u00fcn anadil ve gelenekler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6ren Bulgar idaresi, son 40 y\u0131lda anadil konusunda T\u00fcrklere \u00f6d\u00fcn vermedi ve vermiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u0131llardan sonra var\u0131lan kesin saptamalarda, etnik k\u00f6kenlere dayal\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesi, Bulgar halk\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fme yerine \u00f6tekile\u015fme do\u011furdu\u011funu ve ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 ulusall\u0131k yarat\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirdi. B\u00f6yle bir tespit, 1985- 1990 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda toslayan\u00a0 \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d politikas\u0131 ile ilgili de 1990\u2019da yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu bak\u0131ma Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n son 70 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi bir bak\u0131ma yapboz politikas\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. 1990\u2019da Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin yazg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kendi eliyle durdurdu\u011fu Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Partisi\u2019ne devreden Bulgar y\u00f6netimi, ba\u015fka yerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f orijinal bir uygulama bi\u00e7imiyle T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etnik T\u00fcrk partisi k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131 ve T\u00fcrklerin aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7ti\u011fi kadrolar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcre ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 iyice yok etti. \u015eu anda, Bir Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkesinde ya\u015fasalar da,\u00a0 \u00f6z etnik haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, bir karanl\u0131k t\u00fcnel i\u00e7inde bulunan Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, totaliter bask\u0131lar\u0131n daha da sertle\u015fti\u011fi bir ortamda ya\u015famak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>1970\u2019li y\u0131llara girerken, Bulgar devleti, BKP MK Politik B\u00fcrosu ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet, 1950 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcnde az\u0131nl\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesi olan uygulamay\u0131 <strong>olumsuz bir uygulama<\/strong> \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendirdi. K\u00fclt\u00fcr az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesinin, ulusal g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ile az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u015fkiler do\u011furdu\u011fu ve git gide muhtariyete yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131ld\u0131. Bu gibi saptamalara tak\u0131lan Bulgar devleti, toplumsal k\u00fclt\u00fcr s\u00fcre\u00e7leriyle uyumsall\u0131k i\u00e7inde olan etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f geleneklerini geli\u015ftirme yolunu daha da a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131na, etnik \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fckleri budama, s\u0131n\u0131rlama ve giderek tamamen yasaklama yolunu se\u00e7ti. Son 25 y\u0131lda toplumun demokratikle\u015fmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131na ve do\u011fal ve insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na olanak sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddialar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, Bulgaristan uygulamas\u0131ndaki az\u0131nl\u0131klar politikas\u0131, hi\u00e7 birini ve hi\u00e7bir az\u0131nl\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mama, devaml\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlama veya ret etme s\u00fcrecinin devam\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131k s\u0131k iktidar orta\u011f\u0131 olan ve sadece az\u0131nl\u0131klardan oy alan Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Partisi de az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 yolunda i\u00e7eriksel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler yollar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7acak bir politikaya ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k yak\u0131lmas\u0131ndan yana oldu\u011funu beyan bile edemedi. Tepeden indirilen bu parti, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve oylar\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Pomak ve \u00c7ingene kitlenin sorunlar\u0131na yan\u0131t veremiyor. \u0130zledi\u011fi politika etnik tabandan kopmu\u015f, oligar\u015fiye hizmet eden bir yeni &#8211; liberallikten ba\u015fka \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor. Z\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 keskinle\u015fen \u015fimdiki \u00e7eli\u015fkili durum,\u00a0 60\u201370 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde oldu\u011fu gibi bug\u00fcn de Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri ile ilgili izlenen politikada \u00f6z ve bi\u00e7im aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011fda\u015fmazl\u0131k sergiliyor. Bu olu\u015fumda, <strong>uzaktan bakars\u0131n pek \u00e7ok, yak\u0131na var\u0131nca hi\u00e7 yok<\/strong>, atas\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7erlidir. \u0130smi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, y\u00f6netimdeki baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin isimleri ve soyadlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir T\u00fcrk Partisi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc yaratan Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Partisi, program\u0131nda, eylemlerinde ve tek s\u00f6zle \u00f6z\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkl\u00fckten eser olmayan bir partidir. Hakl ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00a0 yanda\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia eden, bu politik olu\u015fum, do\u011fal haklar\u0131 ve evrensel insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 bile g\u00f6rmezden geldi\u011fi gibi, i\u00e7erik olarak, mevcut durumun herhangi bir noktas\u0131nda niteliksel de\u015fiklik istedi\u011fine i\u015faret vermiyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fbu incelemede Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin \u00f6z tarihlerindeki d\u00f6n\u00fcm nokralar\u0131n\u0131 birer birer a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, bu konuda Bulgar devlet politikas\u0131ndaki ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn daha iyi g\u00f6sterebilmek amac\u0131yla yine 1958 \u2013 1968 d\u00f6nemine \u00f6zel olarak d\u00f6nmemiz gerekir. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar\u0131n alabildi\u011fine tan\u0131nmas\u0131ndan birden bire k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131na do\u011fru ani de\u011fi\u015fen Bulgar politikas\u0131, 1956 y\u0131l\u0131nda BKP MK Birinci Sekreterli\u011fine Todor Jivkov\u2019un getirilmesiyle otoriter iktidar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131 kontrol ve uygulama alan\u0131 oldu.\u00a0 Jivkov, i\u015fe T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili politikada \u201c<strong>eski g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler a\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131<\/strong>\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. Onun kafas\u0131nda bi\u00e7imlenen hedef, etnik harmonide b\u00fct\u00fcnsellik sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in Bulgar milli kimli\u011fi ile etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr geli\u015fim aras\u0131nda yak\u0131nla\u015fma ve uyum sa\u011flama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan baz\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131 atlamak gerekiyordu. Etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirirken geli\u015fimin baz\u0131 basama\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iki ayak birden y\u00fcr\u00fcyecek olansa, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Daha sonra bu politikan\u0131n uygulamas\u0131nda k\u0131vama gelen yeni slogan \u201c<strong>etnik gruplar\u0131 Bulgar ulusuna katma<\/strong>\u201d y\u00fckseltildi.<\/p>\n<p>1990 &#8211; 2014 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda H\u00d6H Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ahmet Do\u011fan, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi konusunda pazara s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201c<strong>Bulgar Etnik Modelinde<\/strong>\u201d 1956 projesi ile 1985\u2019te uygulanan \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcrecinin bir bak\u0131ma yeni ko\u015fullarda, \u00f6zellikle de AB \u00fcyeli\u011fimiz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda devam\u0131 olan \u201c<strong>Bulgar ulusu i\u00e7inde eriyip sanal bir Avrupa ulusall\u0131\u011f\u0131nda buharla\u015fma<\/strong>\u201d hayal \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bir perspektiften ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildi. Bu \u201c<strong>model<\/strong>\u201d ve onun sayesinde s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen politikan\u0131n nimetlerinden memnun olan Bulgar oligar\u015fisi, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7aresizli\u011fine sevinirken, her g\u00fcn bayraml\u0131klar\u0131yla gezip tozuyor.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3544326002\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-55-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ne ki, bu derinlik hen\u00fcz son \u015feklini almad\u0131. Hayal kurgunun y\u00fcksek mimari olan Ahmet Do\u011fan 19 Ocak 2013\u2019te H\u00d6H 8. Ola\u011fan K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnden indirildikten sonra, ne yeni tez, ne yeni konsept, ne de yeni ama daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sa\u00e7mal\u0131k hayat bulmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Unutmamak gerekir ki, bu politika, daha 1950\u2019lilerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 1960\u2019lar\u0131n sonuna kadar bir\u00e7ok evrim ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u00f6nem bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ilk s\u0131rada olan,\u00a0 SSCB\u2019ndeki \u201c<strong>uluslar giderek yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131p b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fir<\/strong>\u201d siyasetinden etkilenenlerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c<strong>Tek V\u00fccut Kom\u00fcnist Bulgar Ulus<\/strong>u\u201d tezi oldu. \u00c7eyrek as\u0131r \u00f6nce \u201ckom\u00fcnizm\u201d kavram\u0131 rafa kald\u0131r\u0131lsa da, o zaman ard\u0131ndan \u201ct<strong>ek uluslu devlet\u201d<\/strong> slogan\u0131 y\u00fckseltilmi\u015fti. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan analiz edildi\u011finde, Ahmet Do\u011fan\u2019\u0131n Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini H\u00d6H partisi kavanozuna kapay\u0131p, konserve \u015feklinde korumas\u0131, geli\u015fen tepkilerin tabandan geldi\u011fine bir i\u015farettir. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin\u00a0 taban seli ilk defa b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7le olmak \u00fczere 1985\u2019te yeni yatak aramak i\u00e7in tepi\u015fmi\u015fti. 1989 May\u0131s\u0131nda bu hareketlenme b\u00fcy\u00fck sel olarak yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 500 bin ki\u015finin T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7mesiyle, anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131n hepsinin bo\u015f masal oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, unutmayal\u0131m d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu bak\u0131ma, biz bug\u00fcn Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri tarihinde can al\u0131c\u0131 noktalara i\u015faret ederken, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin 25 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler \u015fi\u015fesine kapanm\u0131\u015f bir cin oldu\u011funu unutmayal\u0131m\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Bu konuyu e\u015felerken profes\u00f6r olanlar oldu. Bulgaristan \u00dcniversitelerinde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bilim adamlar\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011fu Ahmet Do\u011fan\u2019a dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k etti. Kimileri yan\u0131nda 8 y\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini bir Moskova ve Sofya istihbarat ajan\u0131 y\u00f6netiyor diye kitap yazd\u0131. En b\u00fcy\u00fck gazeteciler, istihbarat ajanlar\u0131 dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra yazd\u0131klar\u0131 eserlerinde, 10 ciltlik muhbir dosyas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 sonucu \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlediler: \u201c<strong>Bu adamdan bir \u015fey olmaz!<\/strong>\u201d Var\u0131lan ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i tespitlerin birisi de \u015fuydu: <strong>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri \u00f6z tarihlerinde egemen olan bir ulustan geldiklerinden, Bulgar devletine ba\u011flaml\u0131 ya\u015famak istemiyorlar. <\/strong>1934 fa\u015fist darbesinden sonra Bulgaristan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 olan ve daha sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini an\u0131 kitaplar\u0131na aktaran Al. Tsankov<strong>. Balkanlarda T\u00fcrkler ve Bulgar\u2019dan ba\u015fka iktidar olma iradesi g\u00f6steren az\u0131nl\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda Bulgarlar asla huzurlu olamaz, <\/strong>t\u00fcmcelerini not etmi\u015ftir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u00d6H ah\u0131r\u0131na ba\u011flayan Ahmet Do\u011fan Bulgarlara en b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmette bulunan bir kahramand\u0131r. Bu tezler ve \u00e7eyrek as\u0131rdan beri, s\u00fcren son durum, Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin al\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye ile hem i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ve hem de Bulgaristan i\u00e7inde olmak \u00fczere, Bulgar halk\u0131yla yeni bir ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc birlik ve beraberlik kuram\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7 alarak, H\u00d6H\u2019\u00fcn hak, adalet, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve demokrasi anlam yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yeterli olabilir mi sorusunu do\u011furuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Eski kuram,\u00a0 BKP\u2019nin ilk zamanlarda izledi\u011fi az\u0131nl\u0131klar politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u201c<strong>milliyet\u00e7ilik do\u011furmakla<\/strong>\u201d itham edilirken, T\u00fcrklere ana dil ve kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini geli\u015ftirmeyi unuturmayo\u0131 ve Bulgar ulusuna yakla\u015farak kayna\u015fmas\u0131nda kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri oldu. Bu yolun birinci kilometre ta\u015f\u0131, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk burjuva ulusundan bir par\u00e7a olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>\u201d yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Uluslar\u0131n olu\u015fum kavram\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnde, ana dil, din, gelenek, ayn\u0131 toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerinde beraberce ya\u015famak, ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gibi ulusall\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirleyen unsurlar birer iki\u015fer yana itilip ge\u00e7ersiz olarak g\u00f6sterilerek, bu olu\u015fumda daha \u00f6nce rolleri oldu\u011funa i\u015faret edilmeyen, sosyal, ekonomik ve politik \u00f6\u011feler ulus olu\u015fturan nitelikler kaz\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ilk kilometre ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda \u015funlar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: Bulgaristan Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019ndeki T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vatan\u0131 Bulgaristan olan bir sosyalist ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak geli\u015fiyor. Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131 kaz\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tabloma, T\u00fcrklerin az\u0131nl\u0131k olan halk toplulu\u011fu \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinden ve haklar\u0131ndan olmu\u015f bir kalabal\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1875952866\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-60-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kaz\u0131nan tabloda, halk toplulu\u011fu \u00f6zelliklerine ve din haklar\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131lar vard\u0131. Giyim ku\u015fam, ferice, \u015falvar, ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, s\u00fcnnet derken imam say\u0131s\u0131 3 200\u2019den 580\u2019e indi. Pa\u015fmakl\u0131 (Smolyan) M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckten ayr\u0131ld\u0131. (Bug\u00fcn de, Ba\u015f M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 felce u\u011fratmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve kendini Bulgaristan Hanefi M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u015eura Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ilan eden N. Gen\u00e7ev, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleriyle ilgili \u201c<strong>ay\u0131r buyur<\/strong>\u201d politikas\u0131na yamakt\u0131r. Vak\u0131f mallar\u0131n\u0131n yarg\u0131 yoluyla geri al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in uydurma iddialarla yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131na dilek\u00e7eler sundu ve davalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na engel oldu.)<\/p>\n<p>Yine ilk a\u015famada 124 cami kapat\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6nce T\u00fcrk lise ve pedagoji okullar\u0131n\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131na kilit vuruldu. Ard\u0131ndan Bulgar ve T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131 birle\u015ftirildi. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ders oldu.(Bug\u00fcn de \u00f6yledir.) Anadil ve etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ate\u015f \u00e7emberine al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Son 60 y\u0131lda anadil konusunda her y\u00f6nl\u00fc kara cahil bir topluluk yarat\u0131labildi. Bu i\u015fleri d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in s\u00f6zde lider olan Ahmet Do\u011fan ve besledi\u011fi H\u00d6H partisi y\u00f6netimi, k\u00f6r bir adam\u0131n karanl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iyi bildi\u011finden huzur i\u00e7indedir. Ba\u015fka bir de\u011fi\u015fle, H\u00d6H partisi T\u00fcrkleri g\u00fcn d\u00fczlemek \u00fczere H\u00d6H ininde tutu\u011fundan, karanl\u0131kta zorunlu nitelik de\u011fi\u015ftirirken d\u00fcnyay\u0131 g\u00f6rme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yarasa olma ihtimallerini biliyor. En g\u00fcne\u015fli bir g\u00fcnde inden \u00e7\u0131ksalar, art\u0131k g\u00fcnd\u00fcz k\u00f6r\u00fc olduklar\u0131ndan, g\u00f6zlerini uyu\u015ftururken hi\u00e7bir yere gidemeyeceklerine inan\u0131yor. Halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 aldatmak i\u00e7inse, kendini Saraya kapat\u0131p, \u201c\u00e7eken benim\u201d havalar\u0131na giriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00e7irdi\u011fimiz kazalara sebep olan bu kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir sonraki bask\u0131s\u0131, <strong>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011fu \u00f6z bak\u0131m\u0131ndan milli olmayan, ancak bi\u00e7im olarak milli olan bir sosyalist k\u00fclt\u00fcr yarat\u0131yor<\/strong>, \u015feklini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Evet, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fc yazar, \u015fair, sanat\u00e7\u0131, besteci, emek kahraman\u0131, halterci, g\u00fcre\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hele T\u00fcrk Ordular\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s \u00e7\u0131kartmas\u0131, bizde korkuya da\u011flar bekletti. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e gazetelerin bask\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n saatleri artt\u0131. Hepsi s\u00f6z\u00fcm ona\u00a0 \u201c<strong>ortak sosyalist i\u00e7erikte<\/strong>\u201d damla oldu.\u00a0 Eski bir s\u00f6z olan \u201c<strong>i\u00e7i seni, d\u0131\u015f\u0131 beni yakar<\/strong>\u201d buraya yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu yeni politika, asl\u0131nda Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin k\u00fclt\u00fcr, dil, din ve geleneklerine yap\u0131lacak \u015fiddetli sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131. Boynuzlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi g\u00fcn, T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda sert tepkiler uyand\u0131rd\u0131. Homurdanmaya dayanamayan Bulgar idaresi 1964\u2019ten sonra\u00a0 yeni bir g\u00f6\u00e7 s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi gere\u011fini gevelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni bi\u00e7imlenen politikan\u0131n derinle\u015ftirilmesi 5 May\u0131s 1962\u2019de, T\u00fcrk ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imini kendilerine daha yak\u0131n bulan Pomak, \u00c7ingene ve Tatarlar\u0131n T\u00fcrklerden kopar\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6neldi. Bu uygulama, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan \u00f6teki etnikleri T\u00fcrklerden kopmaya zorlarken,\u00a0 hedefinde olan bir de \u0130slam diniydi.\u00a0 (130 iman\u0131n i\u015fine son verildi). T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve ayd\u0131nlar\u0131yd\u0131. (4500 \u00f6\u011fretmenin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa al\u0131nd\u0131.) Pomak, \u00c7ingene ve Tatar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fta okumas\u0131na, in\u015faat erlerinde ayn\u0131 taburlarda askerlik yapmas\u0131na vs. yasak geldi. <strong>Bulgar ad\u0131 almak isteyen Arap ve T\u00fcrk isimlerini mahkeme karar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir<\/strong>, yasas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 vs.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-3212026817\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-65-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Burada \u00f6nemle belirtilmesi gerek, d\u00f6neme\u00e7 ard\u0131na dikilecek yeni kilometre ta\u015f\u0131na yer aranmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tam o zaman \u201c<strong>Bulgaristan\u2019da T\u00fcrk ahalisinin etnik-geniziz sorunu\u201d <\/strong>e\u015felenmeye ba\u015fland\u0131<strong>.<\/strong> \u0130lk defa olmak \u00fczere, daha 1962\u2019de, Deliorman, Gerlovo, Aytos ve baz\u0131 ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelerde T\u00fcrklerin Bulgar etnik soy k\u00f6kleri oldu\u011fu iddia edildi. B\u00f6ylece 1962\u2019den1974\u2019e kadar devam eden Pomaklarla \u00c7ingenelerin isimlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirip camiye u\u011framalar\u0131n\u0131 yasaklama s\u00fcreci, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d politikas\u0131na da hemen kapak a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgarlar bu kilometre ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dikerken zorland\u0131. 1964 hamlesinde Pomaklar\u0131n isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilemedi. Bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r tedbirleri s\u00f6kmedi. Okullar kapand\u0131. Maa\u015flar verilmedi. Otob\u00fcsler durdu. \u00c7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcnler ya\u015fand\u0131 fakat Pomaklar dayand\u0131. T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda\u00a0 homurdanmalar artt\u0131. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131, ana dil, T\u00fcrk okullar\u0131, dini haklar, geleneksel ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 g\u00fcndem olu\u015fturdu. 54 ki\u015fi s\u0131n\u0131rdan ka\u00e7t\u0131. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlere ula\u015fan bir mektupta \u015f\u00f6yle deniyordu: \u201c<strong>Bulgar h\u00fck\u00fcmeti T\u00fcrklerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmeye karar ald\u0131\u2026 Adlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 Bulgar adlar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. S\u0131n\u0131r a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7 etmemizi b\u00f6yle \u00f6nlemek istiyorlar. Dinimiz ve dinsel e\u011fitimle birlikte T\u00fcrk adetleri ve gelenekleri yasakland\u0131<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>BKP geri vites yapmak zorunda kald\u0131. MK\u2019 de T\u00fcrk i\u015flerine bakan \u015fubeler yeniden kuruldu. T\u00fckler\u2019 in yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde parti il komitelerine T\u00fcrk sekreter atand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Duraklayan sald\u0131r\u0131 politikas\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar: \u201c <strong>\u00dclkemizdeki T\u00fcrk ahalisi bir ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r. Bundan b\u00f6yle de az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak geli\u015fecektir. Bu az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dili, ilerici gelenekleri, bas\u0131n, amat\u00f6r sanat vs. sosyalist i\u00e7erikle daha da doldurularak geli\u015firken bu ahalinin ulusal \u00f6zellikleri de geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterecektir<\/strong>.\u201d Asl\u0131nda bu ayn\u0131 istikamette devam anlam\u0131ndayd\u0131. Gerileme s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmalar\u0131 \u015fart de\u011fildi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ak\u0131l hocalar\u0131 olan, V. \u0130. Lenin\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck hedeflere ula\u015fman\u0131n zor oldu\u011funu anlatabilmek i\u00e7in, eserlerinden birinin ad\u0131na \u201c<strong>\u0130ki Ad\u0131m \u0130leri Bir Ad\u0131m Geri<\/strong>\u201d demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>1966\u2019da T\u00fcrk milletvekillerinin say\u0131s\u0131 2 defa artt\u0131, 14 oldular. Parti komitelerinde \u201c<strong>Kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve T\u00fcrk ahalisiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>\u201d \u015fubeleri kuruldu. \u0130n\u015faat erlerine T\u00fcrk subaylar atand\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bas\u0131na ve radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verildi. B\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kitap bas\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm bu \u00f6nlemlere ra\u011fmen, totaliter sosyalist rejim, 1969 \u2013 1978 d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrklerin T\u00fcrkl\u00fck havas\u0131n\u0131 alma politikas\u0131na devam etti. En k\u0131sa \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu yine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlamakt\u0131. Herkes bunun ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ta kendisi oldu\u011funu biliyordu. 1964\u2019te T. Jivkov \u201cYeni Hayat\u201d dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u00f6zel bir makalesinde \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrklerin Bulgaristan\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmesine ili\u015fkin bir politika yok ve olamaz<\/strong>!\u201d derken, onlar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7e nas\u0131l zorlayay\u0131m diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n<p>1967\u2019de Sofya\u2019da yap\u0131lan D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131 \u0130.S. \u00c7a\u011flayangil \u2013 \u0130v. Ba\u015fev g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde, Bulgar taraf, \u201c<strong>G\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isteyen T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 vatanda\u015flara engel olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1969 \u2013 1978 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnde 115\u00a0240 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u00fc mal\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fc, emeklilik haklar\u0131n\u0131 eliyle bir kenara itip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ge\u00e7ti.\u00a0 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir zaman kesimini kapsayan ve \u00e7ok sars\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7en bu iki b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7le 270\u00a0000 T\u00fcrk Ata Vatan\u0131ndan kopsa da, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkl\u00fckten ar\u0131nmad\u0131. Kalan T\u00fcrkler \u015fimdi de <strong>bir devlet bir ulus<\/strong> politikas\u0131na toslad\u0131. Devlet etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 eritip \u00f6z\u00fcmseme yolunda daha y\u00fcksek vitese ge\u00e7ti. T\u00fcrklerin Bulgar ulusu i\u00e7inde kaynat\u0131lmas\u0131, etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zelliklerinin budanmas\u0131 uygulamal\u0131 geli\u015firken,\u00a0 yer yer \u201c<strong>soy k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>\u201d niteli\u011fi ald\u0131 ve insanl\u0131k tarihindeki i\u011fren\u00e7likler aras\u0131nda her bak\u0131mdan emsalsiz olan\u00a0 \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcrecinin yelkenleri en sert f\u0131rt\u0131na dolmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Nelerden ge\u00e7medik ki: 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda az\u0131nl\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn uyand\u0131; 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcm edinimlerimiz elimizden al\u0131nd\u0131, Bulgar ulusal k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7inde \u00f6z\u00fcmsenmemiz (asimilasyon) yoluna sokulduk. 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda \u201csoya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u201d s\u00fcrecine ve \u201cBulgarla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131\u201d i\u00e7inde gizleyen politikaya \u00e7ekildik. \u00d6zg\u00fcn etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr, anadilimiz, isimlerimiz, dinimiz ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn ya\u015fan tarz\u0131m\u0131zla adet ve geleneklerimiz giyotine yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0 Etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131z halk\u0131m\u0131za ait \u00f6zel \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7izgi ve nitelikleri yok edilmek \u00fczere hedeflendi. Bu uygulamalar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu ac\u0131lar\u0131 kitaplar almaz. Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, analar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, bac\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n d\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131 toplansa en b\u00fcy\u00fck barajlar almaz.<\/p>\n<p>Bir sonra, ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yalandan olu\u015fan gerek\u00e7eler aras\u0131nda n\u00fcfus (demografi) fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ba\u015fa al\u0131nd\u0131. Bulgar n\u00fcfusun y\u0131ldan y\u0131la azald\u0131\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrklerin de h\u0131zla \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edildi. \u00c7o\u011falmamam\u0131z i\u00e7in her y\u0131l 10 bin ki\u015fi g\u00f6\u00e7 etmemiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc, s\u00f6kmedi. T\u00fcrk k\u0131zlar\u0131n Bulgar gen\u00e7lerle evlenmesi \u00f6zendirildi. Y\u0131l 2014, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n t\u00fcm devleri b\u00f6yle bir sorunu hep ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zerken, yalana dayanan bizdeki sorun bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmedi. \u015eimdi de, 2050\u2019de son Bulgarin mezar\u0131 kaz\u0131lacak, bitiyoruz velvelesi koptu. Asl\u0131nda bitmekten de\u011fil, memleket T\u00fcrklere kalacak diye korkuyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>1989 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnden sonra, ya\u015flanm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrkler kald\u0131 diye sevinmi\u015flerdi. \u00c7ingeneleri de tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc u\u00e7ak biletiyle Amerika\u2019ya g\u00f6ndereceklerini hayal edenler oldu. Hi\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmasak, tarlalardaki e\u015fek dikenlerinde ar\u0131lar\u0131n toplayaca\u011f\u0131 bal\u0131 satsak ge\u00e7iniriz, hesaplar\u0131 istatistik oldu.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin askeri darbelerle kendini silkti\u011fi y\u0131llard\u0131. K. Evren pa\u015fan\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bulgarlar totalitarizminin stratejik planlar\u0131nda ball\u0131 b\u00f6rek oldu. D\u00fcnya\u2019da \u201c<strong>Merhaba<\/strong>\u201d deyecek dost b\u0131rakmayan K. Evren\u2019i Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131yla Sofya\u2019ya davet edip, \u201c<strong>senden b\u00fcy\u00fc yok<\/strong>\u201d deyen, T. Jivkov, \u201c<strong>\u00e7ok \u00fcr\u00fcyorlar acaba ne yapal\u0131m<\/strong>\u201d dedi\u011finde, \u201c<strong>eti senin kemi\u011fi benim<\/strong>\u201d cevab\u0131na \u00e7ok sevinmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>Ertesi g\u00fcn T. Jivkov Moskova\u2019ya u\u00e7tu ve M. Gorba\u00e7ov\u2019a \u015fu raporu verdi:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>K. Evren\u2019e bu ahalinin T\u00fcrk ulusundan bir par\u00e7a olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu nedenle onun durumundan ve gelece\u011finden ilgilenme hakk\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131m<\/strong>!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>O y\u0131llarda \u201c<strong>birle\u015fik Sovyet halk\u0131<\/strong>\u201d olu\u015fturma derdinde olan Moskova, \u201c<strong>birle\u015fik sosyalist Bulgar ulusu<\/strong>\u201d kurulmas\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etmedi. Kendini hakl\u0131 g\u00f6ren devlet y\u00f6netimi iyice azd\u0131. Yeni sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6nleri \u015f\u00f6yle bi\u00e7imlendi:<\/p>\n<p>1) Etnik halk toplulu\u011fu \u00f6zellikleri idari tedbirlerle rafa kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/p>\n<p>2) \u201cSoya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u201d s\u00fcrecinin iyice oturtulmas\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk isimlerinin zorla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni hain planlara k\u0131l\u0131f da uyduruldu. Y\u00fckseltilen yeni slogan \u201c<strong>geli\u015fmi\u015f sosyalist toplum d\u00fczeni kurulmas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>\u201d hedefledi. Ulusal amac\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnde etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar, en ba\u015fta da T\u00fcrklerin b\u00fct\u00fcnsel \u00f6z\u00fcmsenmesi vard\u0131. \u0130lk ad\u0131m, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kimli\u011fini yok etmek oldu. 1956\u2019dan 1969\u2019a kadar kesintisiz \u015fiddetlendirilen politikaya \u201c<strong>b\u00fct\u00fcnsel \u00f6z\u00fcmseme<\/strong>\u201d gibi yeni bir kulp, yeni bir \u00f6zellik kat\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0 \u201c<strong>Bulgar halk\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilme<\/strong>\u201d g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirilirken, direk olarak etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcrdeki \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin yok edilmesine ge\u00e7ildi. Etnik topluluklar\u0131n niteliklerini de\u011fi\u015ftiren ve onlar\u0131 kom\u00fcnist ulusa katan, \u00f6z\u00fcmsemenin \u201cilerici\u201d ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011fu s\u00f6zde kan\u0131tland\u0131 ve propagandas\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. T\u00fcrklere sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k noktas\u0131nda \u201c<strong>etnik T\u00fcrk bilincinin kafalardan kaz\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong>\u201d vard\u0131. Bunun okulda, tiyatroda, okuma evinde, sinemada, sanat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve edebiyatla, ideolojik hileli y\u00f6ntemlerle ve idari bask\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu uygulama bug\u00fcn de devam ediyor ve y\u00fcz seksen derece ters bir y\u00f6ntemle, T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorunlar\u0131na ilgisiz kal\u0131narak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu politikan\u0131n en k\u0131sa \u00f6zeti \u015fudur: 1970\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin az\u0131nl\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fmesi tamamen durduruldu. \u0130slam\u2019la hesapla\u015fma ba\u015flad\u0131. Kitap bas\u0131m\u0131, gazetelerin bir\u00e7o\u011fu kapand\u0131. Tiyatrolar kendi halinde b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Kom\u00fcnizm \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fcne sad\u0131k ve totaliter sosyalizme ba\u011fl\u0131 yeni tip T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131n olu\u015fturma siyaseti yol ald\u0131. Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Partisi\u2019nin \u015fimdiki fahri lideri Ahmet Do\u011fan bu kadrolardan biridir.(T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmeyen T\u00fcrk \u201cayd\u0131n.\u201d)<\/p>\n<p>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin huzurlu ya\u015famas\u0131na g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren bir\u00e7ok ciddi olay oldu. Bunlardan biri1970\u2019lerin ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda Pomaklar\u0131n tamamen Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 politikas\u0131 bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6rle uygulanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Tepki olarak Rodop ve Pirin da\u011f k\u00f6yleri ayakland\u0131. Kurbanlar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, kan d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc. Yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlar ba\u015flad\u0131. S\u00fcrg\u00fcnde \u00e7ekileri artt\u0131. Pomaklar\u0131n isyanlarda netle\u015fen isteklerinde, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okul, din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, T\u00fcrk isimlerin iadesi, do\u011fal insan haklar\u0131 ve geleneksel ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131, daha fazla hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck vard\u0131. Bu olaylar, Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkleri \u00e7ok etkiledi. Karde\u015f bacas\u0131n\u0131 ate\u015f sarm\u0131\u015f, elden gelen yoktu. \u00dclkede gerginlik hat safhaya ula\u015ft\u0131, huzur ka\u00e7t\u0131. 1950\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda elde edilen \u00f6zg\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcr, din haklar\u0131 yok oldu. Susan adam protestosu \u015feklinde geli\u015fen hareketlerden d\u00f6rt bir yanda illegal gen\u00e7lik \u00f6rg\u00fctleri do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n<p>1984 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n May\u0131s ay\u0131nda BKP Merkez Komitesi\u2019nde \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk ahalisinin Bulgar halk\u0131nca daha \u00f6te asimilasyonu<\/strong>\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc ve gizli kararlar onayland\u0131. \u0130lk defa olmak \u00fczere, \u201c<strong>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, T\u00fcrk esareti zaman\u0131nda asimile edilmi\u015f Bulgarlard\u0131r<\/strong> \u201d dendi.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdi art\u0131k hedef netle\u015fmi\u015fti. Sald\u0131r\u0131larda \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tamamen likide edilmesi ve yerinin Bulgar k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle doldurulmas\u0131<\/strong>\u201d odak oldu.\u00a0 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e radyo, amat\u00f6r sanat, TV, bas\u0131n ve yay\u0131n, halk gelenekleri, edebiyat dili olarak\u00a0 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, kamu i\u015flerinde, okulda, yolculuk esnas\u0131nda, lokanta ve pastanelerde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fulmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye ile mektupla\u015fmak, yeni cami kurmak, ibadet yerlerinde tadilat, s\u00fcnnet, mevlit vs. vs. tamamen yasakland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1984\u2019te isimlerinin zorla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinden \u00f6nce<\/strong> Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131, \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r, incitici, ezici devlet \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir yerden bir yere gitmek yasakt\u0131.\u00a0 Yasakl\u0131 d\u00fczene herhangi bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131 koyanlar, \u00f6ncelikle ayd\u0131nlar ailelerinden ve ortamlar\u0131ndan kopar\u0131larak \u201cBelene\u201d <strong>\u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131na<\/strong> s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi, hapislere t\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, k\u00fcrek cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, \u00e7ok uzak Bulgar k\u00f6ylerinde ya\u015famak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>Bu geli\u015fmeler irdelenirken, daha derin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, dili, dini, ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, kendi var olu\u015funa ait \u00f6zg\u00fcn adet ve gelenekleri, inan\u00e7lar\u0131, umutlar\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p yok edilen, s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en \u00f6nde gelen sayg\u0131n ki\u015filer tutukland\u0131. Hor g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler. Ezildiler. Bir ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine tankla topla \u00e7ullan\u0131p hi\u00e7 istisnas\u0131z herkesin ismi zorla de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. Ba\u011f\u0131rda\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ran son damla dinmedi. Vah\u015fetin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne i\u015faret etmek zordur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 1982\u2019de kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k aileler ve hen\u00fcz isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemi\u015f Pomak ve \u00c7ingeneler s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Onlar\u0131 arayanlar korku sa\u00e7\u0131yordu. Haskovo tutuk evi gibi baz\u0131 hapishaneler geni\u015fletildi. T\u00fcrk soy \u00f6yk\u00fcleri \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ba\u015flad\u0131. S\u0131ra sizde s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 b\u00f6yle t\u0131rmand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri \u201c<strong>ke\u00e7iden koyun, koyundan ke\u00e7i olmaz<\/strong>\u201d deyip ara s\u0131ra kendilerini avutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Moskova\u2019y\u0131 ard\u0131na alan Bulgar devleti T\u00fcrkleri 600 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00f6klerinden kopard\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlamak istedi\u011fini, k\u00f6r\u00fcklenen \u00e7eli\u015fkilerin esas\u0131z ve tutars\u0131z oldu\u011funu sananlar \u201c<strong>bizimle ne al\u0131p verece\u011fi varm\u0131\u015f<\/strong>\u201d deyip kendini avutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsa da herkesin can\u0131 burnundayd\u0131. Bulgar ruhunda 100 y\u0131ldan beri kendini \u015farj eden \u00f6fke kudurmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131. Silahl\u0131 milis, asker, tank, z\u0131rhl\u0131, coplu bir devlet, isimleri i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na dikilmi\u015fti.\u00a0 Hak arama kap\u0131lar\u0131 kapal\u0131yd\u0131. Yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcl birli\u011fi etmi\u015f kepenk kapatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Aral\u0131k 984 ile \u015eubat 1985 aras\u0131nda \u201c<strong>herkes ad\u0131n\u0131 bir Bulgar ad\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirecek<\/strong>\u201d dense \u201c<strong>bocuk bayram\u0131d\u0131r,<\/strong> <strong>olmaz \u00f6yle \u015fey<\/strong> \u201c deyip ciddiye almayan bile olabilirdi. Asl\u0131nda baz\u0131 istisnalar hari\u00e7, Bulgarlara ve Bulgar devletine g\u00fcvenmeden ya\u015famaya al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131ndan, \u201c<strong>bize onlardan hay\u0131r gelmez<\/strong>\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek endi\u015felenmelerini oyalayabilirlerdi. Noel Bayram\u0131, y\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131 demeden G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Rodop k\u00f6ylerinde Bulgarca okuma yazma bilmeyen ya\u015fl\u0131lara Bulgar isimleri doldurulmu\u015f k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar imzalat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201c<strong>BKP MKS\u2019nde T\u00fcrk Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kalesi D\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc<\/strong>\u201d kanya\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7ildi. Bu \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck zafer\u201d i\u00e7in kimileri general olurken, di\u011ferlerine \u201cBulgaristan Kahraman\u0131 \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u201d verildi. Sliven ve Aytos k\u00f6ylerinde, Deliorman, Gerlovo ve Dobvruca\u2019da imzalar kanl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu i\u015f bitti raporundan okuyoruz: \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrklerin hepsinin isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. Bulgar devletinin geli\u015fmesine bir as\u0131rdan fazla \u201cengel\u201d olan bir sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc<\/strong>!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u0130sim de\u011fi\u015ftirme operasyonunda \u201czafer\u201d her y\u00f6nl\u00fc idari ve psikolojik bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcmle elde edildi.<\/p>\n<p>9 Aral\u0131k 1989\u2019da BKP MK\u2019 sine\u00a0 sunulan resmi raporda \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u201c<strong>Bask\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kanunlar \u00e7i\u011fnenmi\u015ftir.. \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n resmi raporlar\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere bakanl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 askeri g\u00fc\u00e7ler kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, silaha ba\u015fvurulmu\u015ftur, \u00f6l\u00fcler, ter\u00f6r, yarg\u0131lamalar var, \u201cBelene\u201d kamp\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etme vb. yollara ba\u015fvuruldu. <\/strong>Kanl\u0131 sayfalar da halklar\u0131n tarih sayfalar\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkler yenilgilerini anlatmazlar. Biz de bu olaylar\u0131 pek an\u0131msamak istemedik, sohbet konusu etmedik, <strong>\u201csabr\u0131n sonu selamettir,\u201d <\/strong>dedik.<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerinin 1985 \u2013 1990 \u015fanl\u0131 mukavemet tarihini anlatan \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r uygulayan totaliter devlet kendi kalemiyle \u015f\u00f6yle yazd\u0131: \u201c<strong>\u0130sim de\u011fi\u015ftirme eyleminde devlet makamlar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi, \u0130\u00e7 ve D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fler, E\u011fitim, Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve Ticaret Bakanl\u0131klar\u0131 vb. ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f oldu.\u00a0 Operasyonlar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlere \u201cG. Dimitrov\u201d Y\u00fcksek Milis Okulundan ve di\u011fer illerden takviye milis g\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00f6nderildi. Kalabal\u0131k milis g\u00fcc\u00fc halk\u0131 korkuttu. Baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisi yap\u0131ld\u0131. K\u00f6y sokaklar\u0131nda dola\u015fan tanklar, k\u00f6ylere \u00e7ullanan askeri helikopter, askeri mar\u015flar psikolojik bask\u0131 arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6zel e\u011fitimli polis k\u00f6pekleri baz\u0131 k\u00f6ylerde bask\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda yararl\u0131 oldu<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Raporlarda \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcrecini BKP MK ba\u015flatt\u0131, gizli istihbarat servisi \u201cDC\u201d bitirdi, yazd\u0131 ama ger\u00e7ekten bitirdi mi? \u201cDC\u201d totaliter rejimin bir arac\u0131 olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Yenine Devlet Ulusal G\u00fcvenli Ajans\u0131 \u201cDANS\u201d kuruldu. Politika de\u011fi\u015fmedi. Yeniden boyanan ve baz\u0131 \u00e7arklar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen araba yoluna devam ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130sim de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyle i\u015f bitmedi. Ard\u0131ndan gelen kampanyalara kat\u0131lanlar hep\u00a0 \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n etnik \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yok etmeyi hedefledi<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ne var ki, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen karalama propagandas\u0131na, yalan haber, s\u00f6ylenti, tehdit, korkutma, sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131n, y\u00fczlerce ki\u015finin i\u015fkence g\u00f6rmesine, 5 bin ki\u015finin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesine ve 12 bin ki\u015finin hapsedilmesine ra\u011fmen pes etmedi.<\/p>\n<p>BKP MK Genel Sekreteri T. Jivkov M. Gorba\u00e7ov\u2019la son\u00a0 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201c<strong>Rahat olunuz, art\u0131k bizi gafil avlayamazlar. Baz\u0131 ki\u015filer tekin durmuyor, \u00f6rg\u00fctler, eylemler yok de\u011fil, var, ama\u2026 \u015eimdi bir duru\u015fma haz\u0131rl\u0131yoruz, hepsine birden idam cezas\u0131 verilecek<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>1984 ile 1989 Haziran\u0131na kadar T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00f6y ve kasabalarda ayaklanma, d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f, sald\u0131r\u0131 oldu, T\u00fcrklere ate\u015f a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131, gen\u00e7 canlar feda edildi. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fanlara bask\u0131 artt\u0131. Ceza kesildi. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e halk \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131, \u201cBulgar folkloru\u201d ilan edildi. Plaklar, kasetler, teypler, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kitaplar toplat\u0131ld\u0131. Ana dil ile etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr bir birini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu i\u00e7in ikisine de sald\u0131r\u0131lar artt\u0131. \u0130\u015f isim de\u011fi\u015fikliyle bitmedi. Ehliyetler, sigorta evraklar\u0131, tapular, diplomalar, evlilik c\u00fczdanlar\u0131, banka hesaplar\u0131, mahkeme kararlar\u0131, do\u011fum k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131 vs. vs. de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130simlerin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinden sonra sald\u0131r\u0131 hep en amans\u0131z \u015fekilde T\u00fcrklerin ana diline kar\u015f\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131 35 y\u0131l sonra, 2014\u2019te devam ediyor. \u00d6\u011frencilerimiz devlet okullar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersleri g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, se\u00e7im toplant\u0131lar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fulurken problemler ya\u015fan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Camilerde Bulgarca konu\u015fulmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu, imam ve m\u00fcft\u00fclerin kom\u00fcnist partisi taraf\u0131ndan atanmas\u0131 ya\u015fl\u0131lara \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>Sert bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6re ra\u011fmen \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcreci uygulanan ilk \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda fazla h\u0131rpalanmadan nas\u0131lsa dayanabilen Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri hakk\u0131nda yeni iki konsept daha geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bir<\/strong>, hem Bulgar burjuva h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri hem de totaliter sosyalist y\u00f6netim T\u00fcrkleri bir etnik az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in amans\u0131z ele\u015ftirilirken, \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcrecini Bulgar uyan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 olarak tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar belirdi. Ku\u015fkusuz bunlar aralar\u0131nda hi\u00e7 ba\u011flant\u0131 olmadan sa\u00e7mal\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130ki<\/strong>, bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na tamamen ters olan ikinci sa\u00e7mal\u0131kta ise, \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn<\/strong>\u201d tarihten gelen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak de\u011fil, kom\u00fcnist gelecekten g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze \u0131\u015f\u0131yan bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olarak alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 istendi. Bu konuda,\u00a0 o zaman \u00e7\u0131kan yeni tezde, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk ahalisinin ge\u00e7mi\u015finden s\u00f6z edilmedi\u011fi gibi, Ahmet Do\u011fan\u2019da 19 Ocak 2013\u2019te yap\u0131lan H\u00d6H 8. Ola\u011fan Kurultay\u0131\u2019nda okudu\u011fu raporda, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ne ge\u00e7mi\u015finden, ne bug\u00fcn\u00fcnden ne de gelece\u011finden s\u00f6z etmedi. Toplay\u0131p salona oturttu\u011fu 3\u00a0000 ki\u015fi varla yok aras\u0131nda bir \u015feydi sanki. O, k\u00fcrs\u00fcden \u201c<strong>Bulgaristan, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131k ya\u015famayan tek ulus devletidir,\u201d d<\/strong>erken, g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi hedef de de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015fti: \u201c<strong>Bulgar ulusal bilincini olu\u015fturmak<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Etnik olarak tekt\u00fcr Bulgar ulusu olu\u015fturmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d soyut, gerici ve insan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 bir uygulama oldu. O zaman, bize g\u00fclen d\u00fcnyaya Bulgar \u00f6zl\u00fc bir \u201ckom\u00fcnist ulus\u201d i\u00e7inden oldu\u011fumuz anlat\u0131ld\u0131. Bug\u00fcn de, kendini \u201c<strong>Bulgar Etnik Modeli<\/strong>\u201dnin papaz\u0131 olarak kabul ettiren, A. Do\u011fan bizimle ilgili eriterek \u00f6z\u00fcmseme politikas\u0131na devam ederken, Bulgar tarihindeki hainliklerin aras\u0131nda da en irilerinden biri olarak \u00fcn yapan hepimizi \u201cHak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler\u201d k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131na soktu. \u201cAna dilsiz, \u00f6z k\u00fclt\u00fcrs\u00fcz, adet ve geleneksiz, gazetesiz, dergisiz, radyo ve TV\u2019siz, bas\u0131m yay\u0131ns\u0131z, anaokulsuz, ilkokulsuz, lisesiz vb.\u201d havas\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7inde oyalayarak bo\u011fuyor. \u201c<strong>Soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcreci 1985\u2019ten bug\u00fcne kadar Bulgaristanda en s\u0131k ve en fazla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konudur. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u201ckesin ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz\u201d olarak kabul ediliyor. T\u00fcrkl\u00fckten, anadilinden, \u00f6zellikli k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden, kendi etnik k\u00f6kenlerinden, dininden zorla kopar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lanlara yo\u011fun sald\u0131r\u0131lar t\u0131rman\u0131yor. O zaman gece yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar \u015fimdi g\u00fcnd\u00fcz yap\u0131l\u0131yor. A.Do\u011fan\u2019\u0131n H\u00d6H Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve fahri ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerle ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla olan problemi, uzla\u015fmaz kavgas\u0131 bu noktadad\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri, t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, halen kendilerini temsil eden ve 24 y\u0131ldan beri oylar\u0131n\u0131 alan Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Partisi\u2019ni 1990\u2019da sonra olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan yeni ko\u015fullarda \u201c<strong>soya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/strong>\u201d s\u00fcrecini devam ettirmek i\u00e7in devletin gizli polisi taraf\u0131ndan yukar\u0131dan sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir politik k\u0131l\u0131f, hainler olu\u015fumu olarak kabul ediyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>10 Kas\u0131m 1989\u2019da Bulgaristan\u2019da sosyalist totalitarizmin s\u00f6zde \u00e7\u00f6kmesinden sonra,\u00a0 kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 izlenen eritme ve \u00f6z\u00fcmseme politikas\u0131n\u0131n devletin bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r zorbal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla devam etmeyece\u011fine s\u00f6z veren, H\u00d6H lideri Ahmet Do\u011fan, Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerine \u00f6z\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fmeyen bir politikay\u0131 \u015fekil de\u011fi\u015fikliyle dayatt\u0131 ve dayat\u0131yor. Yeni Bulgar tarihi boyunca Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili izlenen dalgal\u0131, git gel ama kesintisiz politika asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkleri ya Bulgarla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ya da Bulgaristan\u2019dan kovmay\u0131 hedefleyen stratejik bir pland\u0131r. Taktik uygulamas\u0131 sindirme, y\u0131ld\u0131rma, i\u015fsiz, a\u00e7 b\u0131rakma, \u00f6z\u00fcmseme siyaseti \u015fekillerinde zamana ayak uydururken, alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek yaz\u0131yorum, art\u0131k yasalara uydurulan \u00f6z\u00fcnden asla \u00f6d\u00fcn vermemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu politikay\u0131 uygulayan Bulgar devletinin 1985\u2019ten sonra ba\u015f\u0131 daralm\u0131\u015f, uluslar aras\u0131 tecrit duruma d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, T\u00fcrklerin aylar s\u00fcren i\u00e7 ayaklanmalar\u0131na g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs germi\u015f ama ana hedefinden bir an bile sapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendileri T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla zor ba\u015f eden Bulgar devleti, T\u00fcrkleri ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 kasapl\u0131k koyun gibi sayada tutma vazifesini y\u00fckledi\u011fi Ahmet Do\u011fan\u2019dan \u00e7ok memnun oldu\u011fundan olacak, onu korumal\u0131 saraylarda ya\u015fat\u0131yor, z\u0131rhl\u0131 ara\u00e7larda gezdiriyor, halktan uzak tutuyor, en y\u00fcksek \u00f6d\u00fcllerle \u00f6d\u00fcllendiriyor ve her g\u00fcn yedirip i\u00e7irip pohpohluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ac\u0131mas\u0131z zul\u00fcm ve b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da kurban verildi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r \u00e7eki y\u0131llar\u0131nda Bulgaristan Pomaklar\u0131 1970\u2019lerden ba\u015flayarak defalarca ayakland\u0131. T\u00fcrkler 1985 May\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi alt \u00fcst etti. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6zlerini Bulgaristan\u2019a \u00e7evirmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Direni\u015flerin dip dalgas\u0131 hareketlenirken bir\u00e7ok gizli \u00f6rg\u00fct kuruldu. Fakat daha o zaman \u00e7anta dolusu paralarla, tescilli mahkeme kararlar\u0131yla tepeden indirilen Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketinden ba\u015fka, kurdu\u011fumuz politik parti, hareket ve kul\u00fcplerden hi\u00e7 biri ba\u015fkas\u0131 ayakta kalmad\u0131. T\u00fcrkler, T\u00fcrkl\u00fck ve \u0130slam konular\u0131nda stratejilerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyen Bulgar devlet makamlar\u0131, art\u0131k tez yazm\u0131yor, kavram geli\u015ftirmiyor, rapor onaylam\u0131yor, karar da alm\u0131yor. Kom\u00fcnist Partisinin devam\u0131 olan, Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Partisinin 4. kez h\u00fck\u00fcmet orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu Bulgaristan Sosyalist Partisi y\u00f6netiminde \u201c<strong>T\u00fcrk \u015eubesi<\/strong>\u201d yok, \u00f6teki politik partilerin hi\u00e7 birinde de yok. Sorunlar mecliste dosyalara kapanm\u0131\u015f havas\u0131zl\u0131k ortam\u0131nda solup sararm\u0131\u015f can \u00e7eki\u015fiyor. \u201cBerlin Duvar\u0131\u201d y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, SSCB da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131 ama Bulgar devletinin T\u00fcrk ve \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir millim yerinden oynamad\u0131. T\u00fcrkleri koyun sayanlar, \u00e7oban de\u011fi\u015ftirip s\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc a\u011fustos s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131nda an\u0131zda tutmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00a0\u00a0 O\u00a0\u00a0 N<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-2553356470\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BGSAM Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkleri anlatmak yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir kitab\u0131n sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 okumak kadar zordur. D\u00fcnyada ya\u015fayan halklar\u0131n atalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7 selleriyle hareketlendi\u011finde, onlar\u0131n soylar\u0131 da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Ata<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yasam"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-3fN","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12511"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12511\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}