{"id":11801,"date":"2014-10-29T13:32:46","date_gmt":"2014-10-29T11:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/?p=11801"},"modified":"2014-10-29T13:32:46","modified_gmt":"2014-10-29T11:32:46","slug":"avrupanin-tasrasinda-bulgaristan-turkleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/avrupanin-tasrasinda-bulgaristan-turkleri\/","title":{"rendered":"AVRUPANIN TA\u015eRASINDA BULGAR\u0130STAN T\u00dcRKLER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Bulgaristan Parlamentosu 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda sona eren rejimin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk\u2019lere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sert asimilasyon politikas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131nayan bildiriyi resmen kabul etti. Merkez Avrupa ile Rusya aras\u0131nda kalan ve \u2018lutfedilerek\u2019 Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne tam \u00fcye yap\u0131lan Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n bu ta\u015fra \u00fclkesini ve orada ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk\u2019lerin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015famlar\u0131ndan kesitleri sizlere yak\u0131n k\u0131lmak istedik.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cemile Kerim<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011fi d\u00fcnyadaki 17. g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ekonomiye sahip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi tam \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rk dereden su getirerek ertelerken, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n her manada ta\u015fras\u0131 diyebilece\u011fimiz Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131 ise 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda tam \u00fcyeli\u011fe h\u0131zla kab\u00fcl etti. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarca tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00fclkenin bug\u00fcn bu alanda geri geri gitti\u011fi g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u0130nsanlar ya \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerin varo\u015flar\u0131na yada herhangi bir Avrupa \u00fclkesine g\u00f6\u00e7 ediyorlar. Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n her \u00fclkesi Bulgaristanda belli bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k g\u00f6steriyor. \u0130ngilizler finans ve enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde, Almanlar k\u00fclt\u00fcr, bas\u0131n vesair. En \u00e7ok bask\u0131 yapan gazetenin sahibi alman WAZ grubunun. Bat\u0131 Avrupa k\u00f6kenli ithal mallar yeni yeni kurulan AVM\u2019de ortalama geliri 300 Avro olan insanlara arz ediliyor. Ve, fiyatlar ne kadar astronomik olsa da sat\u0131l\u0131yorlar. Avrupa bu yeni ta\u015fras\u0131na bir de avrupa usul\u00fc \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ihra\u00e7 etmi\u015f. 70li ve 80li y\u0131llarda Avrupadaki \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6\u00e7men yabanc\u0131lara; 90l\u0131 y\u0131llar ve 2001den sonra ise \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrk ve m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelikle\u015fti\u011fi gibi Bulgaristan\u2019tan da kendini \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 parti yanda\u015flar\u0131 m\u00fcsl\u00fcman Romen\u2019lere yada Bulgar T\u00fcrkleri\u2019ne ajitasyondan ve sald\u0131r\u0131dan geri durmuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu seyhat notumuzda ve s\u00f6yle\u015fimizde Bulgaristan T\u00fcrkleri\u2019ni ve onlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131ndan kesitleri yine onlar\u0131n perspektifinden okuyanlara \u00f6zetlemek istedik.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tarnovo Camii ve gen\u00e7 imam\u0131<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-3520129503\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>Veliki Tarnovo Yantra Nehri \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f, zaman\u0131nda Bulgar\u2019lara ba\u015fkentlik yapm\u0131\u015f, \u015fimdi y\u00fczbinin \u00fczerinde n\u00fcfusu olan bir kent.<\/p>\n<p>Bir zamanlar burada di\u011fer dinden mabetlerle beraber yirminin \u00fczerinde camiisi olan \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir \u015fehir hayat\u0131 varm\u0131\u015f. O camiilerden geriye \u015fimdi sadece biri kalm\u0131\u015f. O da, eski mimari sitilini tek minaresiyle ve birka\u00e7 mimari \u00f6zelli\u011fini eski usul\u00fc taklid ederek Bulgar T\u00fcrk\u2019lerinin ve di\u011fer m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mahallede onlara bir bak\u0131ma cazibe merkezi olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/006.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-520\" title=\"v. Tarnovo\" src=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/006.jpg?w=300&#038;h=197&#038;fit=300%2C197&#038;resize=300%2C197\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"197\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Camii binas\u0131 krall\u0131k zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. \u015eu an \u015fehrin kullan\u0131lan tek camiisi. An\u0131t ta\u015f\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131da ardiyada bekliyor. \u201eB\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimal yasakl\u0131 d\u00f6nemde s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve yukar\u0131ya \u00e7amii \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131na koyulmu\u015f\u201c diyor Halil Aliev Hoca. Halil Hoca. 30 ya\u015flar\u0131nda, Tragoviste\u2019den. \u00dc\u00e7 y\u0131la yak\u0131nd\u0131r Veliko Tarnovo\u2019nun T\u00fcrk Mahallesindeki Camiide imaml\u0131k yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/033.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" title=\"V. Tarnovo\" src=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/033.jpg?w=266&#038;h=301&#038;fit=266%2C301&#038;resize=266%2C301\" alt=\"\" width=\"266\" height=\"301\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Cemaatten ihtiyar biri de \u201e Camii sosyalist y\u00f6netim d\u00f6neminde nerdeyse hi\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmad\u0131. Demokrasi d\u00f6neminde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Cuma namaz\u0131nda 60 ki\u015filik cemaatimiz var \u015fimdi.\u201c diye ekliyor. Halil Hoca devamla: \u201eCemaatte \u00e7ok \u00e7esitli \u00e7ehrede insanlar var. M\u00fctevaz\u0131 \u015fekilde Kur\u2018an Kursu hizmeti veriliyor. Cuma g\u00fcnleri vaaz\u0131m\u0131z hem T\u00fcrk\u00e7e hem de Bulgarca oluyor.\u201c diyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eumnu\u2018da iki bilgi ve hikmet binas\u0131<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-2589337820\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-10-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u015eumnu Naz\u0131m Hikmet K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Okumaevi Nurten Remzi\u2019nin gayretke\u015f y\u00f6netiminde k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlerine devam ediyor. Folkl\u00f6r, m\u00fczik \u00f6\u011fretimi ve okuma g\u00fcnleri en a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl etkinlik alanlar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/094.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" title=\"\u015eumen\" src=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/094.jpg?w=218&#038;h=300&#038;fit=218%2C300&#038;resize=218%2C300\" alt=\"\" width=\"218\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u015eumnu \u015eerif Halil Pa\u015fa yada yerli halk taraf\u0131ndan bilinen ad\u0131yle Tombul Camii Bulgaristan\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinin tamam\u0131yle korunabilmi\u015f tek eseridir. Di\u011ferleri ne yaz\u0131k ki, ya t\u00fcmden yok edilmi\u015f yada her t\u00fcrl\u00fc y\u0131k\u0131m, tahribat veya fonksiyon de\u011fi\u015fimine u(\u011frat\u0131l)m\u0131\u015flar. Edirne\u2019dekileri saymazsak Balkan\u2019lar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck camiisidir. Belki de bu semboll\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 au\u011fustos ay\u0131nda kimli\u011fi belirsiz ama b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimal \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131larca sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve duvarlar\u0131na islamofobik yaz\u0131 ve i\u015faretlerle kirletilmi\u015ftir. Hem bundan, hem de di\u011fer gerekli tamirat ve restore ihtiyac\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda camiinin restorasyonuna ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>1774 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eerif Halil Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan ve d\u00f6rt y\u0131l sonra bitirilen camii tek \u015ferefeli minaresi k\u0131rk metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe ve kubbesi ise yirmibe\u015f metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe sahiptir. Camii duvarlar\u0131nda bitki fig\u00fcrleri g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. \u0130\u00e7 mekanlar\u0131ndaki mimaride Lale Devri yada Barok etkisi kalem i\u015fi bezemeler dikkati \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n<p>Camii k\u00fclliyesindeki binalardan birinde \u015fimdi \u015eumnu M\u00fcft\u00fc\u2019l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hizmet veriyor. Di\u011fer binalar\u0131n kiminde \u0130slam Bilimleri okutulurken kiminde de gezen turistlere hediyelik e\u015fya sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor. K\u00fclliyenin i\u00e7indeki tarihi mezarlar, \u00f6l\u00fcm ile ya\u015fam\u0131n eski \u00e7a\u011flarda hayatta karde\u015fcesine biribirlerinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden daha yak\u0131n ve sevecen durduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/076.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-529\" title=\"\u015eumen\" src=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/076.jpg?w=300&#038;h=225&#038;fit=300%2C225&#038;resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Madara\u2019n\u0131n Atl\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-117976840\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-15-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>1979 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 listesine giren Madara Kayal\u0131klar\u0131\u2019ndaki \u00fcnl\u00fc at \u00fczerinde s\u00fcvari relyefi. Bir T\u00fcrk boyu olan Bolgar Han\u2019l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fkentlik yapm\u0131\u015f Pliska\u2019n\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Madara k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki y\u00fcz metreye yak\u0131n y\u00fckseklikteki dik kayal\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine yontulmu\u015f yerden yirmi metre y\u00fckseklikteki bu atl\u0131 fig\u00fcr\u00fc ve s\u00fcvarinin sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 aslan ile atl\u0131ya yard\u0131m eden k\u00f6pek yada kurttan olu\u015fan bu relyef sanat tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Baz\u0131 uzmanlar atl\u0131n\u0131n Bulgar Han\u2019lar\u0131ndan birisi olabilece\u011fini belirtiyorlar. \u00c7evrede Bulgar Han\u2019lar\u0131n\u0131n 8. Ve 9. y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131nda Bizans\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ak\u0131nlar\u0131 ve kazand\u0131klar\u0131 zaferleri anlatan yaz\u0131tlar\u0131 da g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/madara-kayasinda-at-c3bcstc3bcnde-han.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-522\" title=\"Madara kayasinda at \u00fcst\u00fcnde Han\" src=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/madara-kayasinda-at-c3bcstc3bcnde-han.jpg?w=300&#038;h=224&#038;fit=300%2C224&#038;resize=300%2C224\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Yak\u0131n\u0131na gelene kadar say\u0131s\u0131z \u0131ss\u0131z ve terkedilmi\u015f duygusu veren k\u00f6ylerden ge\u00e7iyoruz. Ger\u00e7ekten de \u00e7o\u011fu evler terk edilmi\u015f. Yol sormak i\u00e7in bile birka\u00e7 ihtiyar insandan ba\u015fka kimseyi g\u00f6remiyoruz. \u0130\u00e7 g\u00f6\u00e7 ve Bulgaristan\u2019dan Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6\u00e7 kendini burada b\u00f6yle g\u00f6steriyor bize.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir etkisi de \u00e7o\u011fu tamir olmu\u015f veya tamirat ge\u00e7iren tarihi yerlerdeki b\u00fcy\u00fck panolar \u00fczerindeki \u201eAvrupa finans deste\u011fi\u201c imzas\u0131yle de kendini belli ediyor. Her yerde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz tabela Negovanko Vadisi\u2019ndeki \u015felale patika yolunun tamir ediliyormu\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndeki g\u00fczergah\u0131nda da g\u00f6ze \u00e7arp\u0131yor. Bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc oralar\u0131 gezen Rus turistlerden biri sesli olarak bize Nasreddin Hoca\u2019n\u0131n \u201eparay\u0131 veren d\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7alar\u201c s\u00f6z\u00fcyle \u00f6zetliyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Turhan Rasief: Varna\u2019da iki dilli bir yazar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Turhan Rasief Bulgaristan Edebiyat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle mizah t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli yazarlar\u0131ndan. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 epigramlar, s\u00f6z oyunlar\u0131 yada \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6zler Bulgaristan<br \/>\nT\u00fcrklerince \u00e7ok seviliyor. Varna \u015fehrinde ya\u015fayan yazar ile Bulgaristan T\u00fcrklerini, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kendi yazarl\u0131k u\u011fra\u015f\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk. Ku\u015f sesleriyle \u015fenlenen Varna\u2019n\u0131n saat kulesi park\u0131ndaki kahvehanede bizeTurhan bey kendini s\u00f6yle tan\u0131t\u0131yor:<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1080691920\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-20-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cBizim s\u00fclalenin k\u00f6keninde y\u00f6r\u00fckl\u00fck var. S\u00fclalemiz y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6nce Anadolu\u2019dan ilk Kazanl\u0131k\u2019a \u00e7obanl\u0131k yapmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015fler. Daha sonralar\u0131 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda kimisi \u015eumnu\u2019ya kimisi de Dobruca\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc buralar\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131ma daha elveri\u015fli ve verimli. Bildi\u011fimiz d\u00f6rt karde\u015flermi\u015f. Dedemin dedesi hac\u0131 olmu\u015f. Giderken gelirken Istanbul\u2019u ziyaret etmi\u015fler. Dedemlerin biri ikinci hac yolculu\u011funda vapurda vefat etmi\u015f ve denize defn etmi\u015fler. Molla \u0130bram dedem \u0130stanbul\u2019da okumu\u015f. Taa oradan babam do\u011funca verilen ilk ismin Hasan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131na Rasih ismini vermi\u015f. Benim soyad\u0131m ondan geliyor. K\u00f6yde hocal\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte. K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz Geraemir K\u00f6y\u00fc. Camii hala duruyor. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn n\u00fcfusunu, insanlar\u0131n hangi dinden oldu\u011funu, ne kadar ve hangi cins hayvan oldu\u011funu listeleyen defterleri buldum ve buradaki m\u00fczeye verdim.<\/p>\n<p>Dini ya\u015famdan biraz uza\u011f\u0131z. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedik bu konuda. Toplumda tasvip edilmedi, hor g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc ve sonra da yasakland\u0131. Ancak \u00e7ok gizli evlerde annem bazen Kur\u2019an okurdu.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/116.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" title=\"Turhan Rasiev\" src=\"http:\/\/kueltour.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/03\/116.jpg?w=225&#038;h=300&#038;fit=225%2C300&#038;resize=225%2C300\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Edebiyata ilginiz nas\u0131l ba\u015flad\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cDay\u0131m Y\u00f6r\u00fck Recep. \u015eiir sever ve yazard\u0131. Ondan bana \u015fiir sevgisi ve yazma hevesi ge\u00e7ti. O zaman Varna\u2019da Halk Davas\u0131 diye bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7e gazete \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu. Orada yazd\u0131 bir ara.<\/p>\n<p>Ben orta okulda okurken onlar akademide okuyporlard\u0131. Onlar yazarken bende yazay\u0131m dedim ve yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m, i\u015fte o zamanlar. \u201cG\u00fczel Bulgaristan, sensin sosyalist Bulgaristan!\u201d gibi dizeler. Daha onuncu s\u0131n\u0131fta iken \u015fiirlerim yay\u0131nlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. O zaman komunistlik vard\u0131 burda. Biz de gen\u00e7iz, heyecanl\u0131y\u0131z ve kendimizi kabiliyetlerimizle g\u00f6stermek istiyoruz. Neyse sonra T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okullarda verilmez oldu. Bulgarca yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Ama basm\u0131yorlard\u0131 benim yazd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131. Yaz\u0131lar\u0131 bas\u0131lanlardan o zamanlarda bir L\u00fcf\u00fc Demir vard\u0131. Hatta ona \u015faka ile bir tekerleme uydurmu\u015ftuk: \u2018L\u00fctf\u00fc Demir, L\u00fctf\u00fc Demir \/ evir, \u00e7evir; k\u00fcrkl\u00fc demir\u2019 derdik. Baki Bayram, Mustafa Mutlu vard\u0131. Yine Mehmet Utku vard\u0131, \u00e7o\u00e7uklar i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lar yazan. \u015eimdi seksen ya\u015flar\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kendisi. Onun daktilosu vard\u0131, bende yoktu.\u201d<\/p><div id=\"bghab-4132574209\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-25-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u015eimdi edebiyat ortam\u0131 nas\u0131l, yay\u0131n ve bas\u0131m evleri var m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cVar ama \u00e7ok masrafl\u0131. Baz\u0131 kitaplar\u0131m bas\u0131ld\u0131 ama daha \u00e7ok fotokopi ile kendim \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131yorum daktilo ile yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitaplar\u0131. Yada k\u0131zlar\u0131m bilgisayar\u0131nda bana bir n\u00fcsha \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor ve ben fotokopiyle \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131yorum.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye hi\u00e7 gittiniz mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u00d6nceden 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda gitmi\u015ftim. Yak\u0131nda da gittim.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi nas\u0131l buldunuz \u015fimdi?<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"bghab-3994346470\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-30-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201c\u015eimdi \u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f. Eskiden Balkan Turist\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken gitmi\u015ftim. Gazeteci olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m o zaman. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Balkan Turist biz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na motivasyon olsun diye bizleri o zaman T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye geziye g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. O zaman devlet kapal\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130zin almak<br \/>\nda zordu. Biraz da mizah ile ele\u015ftirel de yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in bana izin ancak bir polisin kefil olmas\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ele\u015ftirel mizah izah deyince Akla Aziz Nesin geliyor\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cEvet. Onun sitili biraz ba\u015fkayd\u0131. Ona buraya gelince \u00e7ok terc\u00fcmanl\u0131k yapt\u0131m. \u00c7ok geldi buraya. Ona bir kez Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck mizah \u00f6d\u00fcllerinden birini vermi\u015flerdi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelen di\u011fer yazarlara da terc\u00fcmanl\u0131k yapt\u0131m. Yazarlardan Muzaffer \u00d6zg\u00fc, \u00d6zdemir \u0130nce, Ataol Behramo\u011flu\u2019na. Kar\u00fckat\u00fcrist Turhan Sel\u00e7uk, Tan Oral Gabrovo\u2019da mizah festivaline geliyorlard\u0131, onlara da terc\u00fcman oldum.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Varna\u2019da ne kadar T\u00fcrk ya\u015f\u0131yor?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201c15.000 kadar oy veren n\u00fcfus var, toplam\u0131 tahmin edilebilir. Belli bir mahallede a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k yok, yani da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k. Bir milletvekili ve belediyede de \u00fc\u00e7 yada d\u00f6rt temsilci \u00e7\u0131kartabiliyorlar.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u00fclt\u00fcr hayat\u0131nda kendilerini yap\u0131sal olarak nas\u0131l g\u00f6steriyorlar?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcr Ev\u2019leri var. Ruse\u2019de bir T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi var. Burada, Varna\u2019da Varna T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr Evi, Sabahattin Ali K\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi mesela. Daha \u00e7ok folkl\u00f6r ile koro \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 var. M\u00fczik ve folkl\u00f6rden sorumlu Nejdet Ahmedov. T\u00fcrk Halk M\u00fczi\u011fi ve folklor hocal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131yor. T\u00fcrk ve Bulgar gen\u00e7leri beraberce hem Bulgar hem de Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u2019leri folkl\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc oynuyorlar. Ayda bir konser oluyor. Kitap ve dergi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 maddi nedenlerle biraz geriledi, hatta yok oldu denebilir. Komunist zaman\u0131nda kitap ve dergi yay\u0131nlar\u0131 tabi biraz daha fazlayd\u0131. Sonra 1984\u2019den ba\u015flay\u0131p 1989\u2019a kadar s\u00fcren T\u00fcrk\u2019leri yok g\u00f6rme politikas\u0131, ad de\u011fi\u015ftirme ve inkar s\u00fcrecinde o faaliyetler de yok oldu. Tek t\u00fck olan camiiler y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u2019lerden kalan tarihi mezar ta\u015flar\u0131 yada Verna\u2019n\u0131n merkezinde olan Sultan II. Mahmut d\u00f6neminden kalan tarihi eserler yol yap\u0131m\u0131 vesair gerek\u00e7esiyle tahrip edildi. Benim ad\u0131m Turhan\u2019\u0131 Tihan yapt\u0131lar. Soyad\u0131m Rasi kald\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Rasih\u2019in h\u2019s\u0131 zaten d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Rasi bulgarcada papazlar\u0131n bir nevi \u00fcst elbisesi manas\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan kald\u0131. Bir de yazarlar\u0131n soyadlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmediler, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar\u0131 var. Bulgar k\u00f6kenli ve soyadlar\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019den gelen \u00e7ok yazar var. Hac\u0131ev, Terziev yada Boyac\u0131ev vesair gibi. Bir ar\u015ft\u0131rma kitab\u0131mda bu isimler ve di\u011fer binlerce \u2013a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 alt\u0131 bin kadar- Bulgar s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e k\u00f6kenden geldi\u011fini \u00f6rneklerle g\u00f6sterdim. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma kitab\u0131m\u0131 iyi bir bask\u0131 ile yay\u0131nlayamad\u0131m. Bir yay\u0131nevi \u00e7\u0131kar ve cesaretle yay\u0131n i\u00e7in bas\u0131ma verir umuyorum.\u201c<\/p><div id=\"bghab-1450436521\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-35-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki edebiyat burada nas\u0131l tan\u0131n\u0131yor?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201c\u015eu ara burada T\u00fcrkiye edebiyat\u0131ndan Bulgarcaya \u00e7eviri \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131. En son Orhan Pamuk okuma yapmak i\u00e7in buraya geldi. Elif \u015eafak\u2019\u0131n \u2018Baba ve Pi\u00e7\u2019 \u00e7evirisini okudum son olarak. \u00c7ok ah\u0131m \u015fah\u0131m de\u011fil ama, eyvallah! R\u00fcstem Aziz on kadar kitab terc\u00fcme etti. O da onun terc\u00fcmesi. \u2018Son Yeni\u00e7eri\u2019 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorum, kimin di o?\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reha \u00c7amuro\u011flu\u2019nun.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201c<span class=\"skimlinks-unlinked\">Evet.Onun<\/span> di\u011fer kitab\u0131yle beraber \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7ok g\u00fczel bir kitap. Bir de Sad\u0131k Yals\u0131zu\u00e7anlar\u2019\u0131n \u2018Gezgin\u2019 kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evirisi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nas\u0131, ilgiylel okunuyor mu?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201cEvet ama biraz a\u011f\u0131r okunuyor. En son Sebahattin Ali\u2019nin otobiyografisi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 bulgarca olarak. Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc almas\u0131 gereken yazard\u0131. \u00c7ok \u00e7abuk gitti. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck su\u00e7u<br \/>\nvar. Bilirsiniz, o Mestanl\u0131\u2019da do\u011fmu\u015f bir yazar. Onun 105. Do\u011fum y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 kutlad\u0131k burada. \u201c<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk\u2019lerinin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131 nas\u0131l, okullarda anadil dersleri var m\u0131?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201cVar amasadece iste\u011fe bagl\u0131 ve her yerde yok. T\u00fcrk\u2019lerin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu mahallelerde bile bazen olmuyor. Ya \u00f6\u011fretmen yok, emekli olmu\u015f veya ba\u015fka sebebden. Bazen de istek de yok \u00e7ocuk ve gen\u00e7lerde. Benim k\u0131zlar T\u00fcrk\u00e7e biliyor ama torunlar pek istekli deyiller. Gen\u00e7 nesil daha \u00e7ok isteksiz. \u00c7o\u011fu dersler bulgarca olunca haliyle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okuma ve \u00f6\u011frenme iste\u011fi de az oluyor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e gazete yok mu?<\/strong><br \/>\nG\u00fcnl\u00fck T\u00fcrk\u00e7e gazete yok. K\u0131rcali Haber gazetesi var, ama o da yerel. Zaman Bulgaristan gazetesi haricinde t\u00fcm Bulgaristan\u2019a da\u011f\u0131lan sadece bir iki mecmua var: Filiz, \u00e7o\u00e7uklara yay\u0131n yapan. \u00dcmit, Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ve di\u011ferleri biraz daha edebiyat, \u00f6zellikle de \u015fiir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131\u201d.<\/p><div id=\"bghab-2099155780\" class=\"bghab-icerik-icine-40-paragraf bghab-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6203283170189293\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7303146466\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Peki, Bulgar T\u00fcrk\u2019lerinin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar\u0131 ve istemleri nas\u0131l ifade ediliyor?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u201c \u015eah\u0131slar var, \u00f6nc\u00fc olan: \u0130brahim Tatarl\u0131 sofyada de\u011ferli bir b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve yazar. Halk ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketi var ama biz k\u00fclt\u00fcr insanlar\u0131na pek deste\u011fi yok. K\u00fclt\u00fcr ile u\u011fra\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015fi zor. Yerel y\u00f6netimlerde meclis \u00fcyeleri var. Belediyelerde ba\u015fkanlar var. Ticarette ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar var. Bu da bazen kiminin g\u00f6z\u00fcne bat\u0131yor. Irk\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u2019lere nefretli\u011fi var ve bazen sald\u0131r\u0131 olaylar\u0131 da oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Yine de T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli ayd\u0131nlara b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6revler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli Bulgarca yazan mizahc\u0131 sadece ben var\u0131m. Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f on kadar T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli yazar var. \u015eair Nacif Erfadu her iki dilde yaz\u0131yor. \u0130smail \u00c7avu\u015fev var. Sabri Alag\u00f6z ve di\u011ferleri. Bunlar bizim ya\u015flarda. Bir de daha \u00e7ok Bulgarca yazan gen\u00e7 nesil var. Mesela Mehmet Ali Pleven\u2019de \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bulgarca \u015fiir yaz\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yazar ile sohbetimizi Varna\u2019da \u0130neg\u00f6l usul\u00fc yap\u0131lan k\u00f6ftecide damak tad\u0131yle tadland\u0131r\u0131yoruz. Sahibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den buraya on sene \u00f6nce yerle\u015fmi\u015f. \u201cIstanbul\u2019dan seneler \u00f6nce burada olmu\u015f bizimkiler; erenler ise onlardan da \u00f6nce buralarda zaten ya\u015f\u0131yormu\u015f, neden gelip yerle\u015fmeyeyim ki?\u201d diye bir sorumuzu cebabl\u0131yor. Ve ekliyor: \u201cBe\u015fer yeterki kendine ve \u00e7evresine adil olsun, nerede ve nerenin insan\u0131 olursa olsun!\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"bghab-886579017\" class=\"bghab-yazi-altinda bghab-entity-placement\"><div class=\"bghab-adlabel\">Reklamlar<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- bghaber-yaz\u0131-sonu -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6203283170189293\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"4222328180\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><br style=\"clear: both; display: block; float: none;\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bulgaristan Parlamentosu 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda sona eren rejimin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk\u2019lere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sert asimilasyon politikas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131nayan bildiriyi resmen kabul etti. Merkez Avrupa ile Rusya aras\u0131nda kalan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":10168,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/bulgaria_map.jpg?fit=514%2C344&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pc2PfJ-34l","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11801"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11801\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bghaber.org\/bghaber\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}