Rafet ULUTURK<\/p>\n
Bilgar iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla ilgili resmi politikas\u0131 dalgal\u0131, zikzakl\u0131 ama hep ayn\u0131 do\u011frultuda oldu. Bulgar p\u0131olitikas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili politikalar\u0131nda yer alan y\u00f6ntemlerden biri de g\u00f6\u00e7 sorunu oldu. Bulgaristan’da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkler ve Bulgarlar aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvensizlik 1877 \/78 Rus Osmanl\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 art arda patlak veren kanl\u0131 olay ve katliyamlarla derinle\u015fti ve \u015fiddetlendi. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcren ezici ve yorucu sava\u015f\u0131n ve yenilginin olumsuz etkilemi\u015f, T\u00fcrklerin mal\u0131nda m\u00fclk\u00fcnde g\u00f6z\u00fc olanlar\u0131 y\u00fcreklendirirken M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlama hareketlerini \u015fiddetlendirmi\u015fti. Ruslar taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lan sahte Bulgar milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin yeni havalara girerek, “T\u00fcrkler T\u00fcrkiye’ye” slogan\u0131 h\u00fckseltmesiiki millet aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvensizli\u011fi o zaman artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz politikas\u0131nda da \u00e7\u0131ban ba\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Son 137 y\u0131lda Bulgaristan’dan T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7ler hemen hemen hi\u00e7 durmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Plevne, Stara Zagora gibi \u015fehirlerin yerle bir edilmesi, bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6y\u00fcn yak\u0131lmas\u0131, Sofya Bozgu’nu, Filibe (Plovdiv) yenilgisi bu kentlerde \u00e7o\u011funluk olan yerli T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusu az\u0131nl\u0131k durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131ban ba\u015f\u0131 zonklaya zonklaya toplam\u0131\u015f ve yeni yaralar da a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Bulgaristan’daki T\u00fcrk Bulgar ili\u015fkilerinde huzura kavu\u015fup durulma bir yana, Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fck ve Vak\u0131f mallar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, camilerin ve medreselerin, hamamlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve kabristanl\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n geri verilmesi i\u00e7in hukuksal yol ararken, hi\u00e7 beklemedi\u011fimiz \u015fiddet g\u00f6sterilerine tan\u0131k olduk. Plovdiv’e ba\u011fl\u0131 Karlovo kentinde, ibadete bundan 50 y\u0131l \u00f6nce kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 1474 eseri tarihi ve y\u00fcksek mimarl\u0131k eseri olan “Kur\u015fun Cam\u0131”n\u0131n bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman m\u00fclk\u00fc olarak onar\u0131lmas\u0131 olan\u00fcst\u00fc i\u011fren\u00e7 olaylara sebebiyet verdi. Ve en nihayet, Karlovo Beledi Ba\u015fkan\u0131’nin “T\u00fcrks\u00fcz Karlovo” slogani y\u00fckseltmesi, XXI. y\u00fczy\u0131la \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 bir zihniyetle girdi\u011fimizi kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Bu hareket Stara Zagora Belediyesince desteklendi ve ilin Rozovo k\u00f6y\u00fcne yerle\u015fen \u00fc\u00e7 Suriyeli sava\u015f ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ailenin, Bulgaristanda ikamet hakk\u0131 kazanmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, k\u00f6yden kovulmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 k\u00f6hnemi\u015f zihniyete hizmet etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
137 y\u0131ldan beri g\u00f6\u00e7ler hi\u00e7 dinmedi derken, 1893 ile 1939 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en 36 y\u0131l zarf\u0131nda, y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama T\u00fcrki’yeye g\u00f6\u00e7 eden say\u0131s\u0131 8.834 iken, Moskova’ya ba\u011fl\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i Bulgar kom\u00fcnistleri iktidara gelir gelmez 1950-1951 y\u0131llar\u0131nda 2 y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7 esnas\u0131nda 37. 351 aileden olu\u015fan, toplam 154.393 Bulgaristan T\u00fcrk’\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. Bu da y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama 77.196 ki\u015fidir. (1878-1908) Prenslik ve 1908-1944) Krall\u0131k d\u00f6nemlerindeki ortalama g\u00f6\u00e7men say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 ortalama 13 kat artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1950-1951 g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc \u00fczerinden hen\u00fcz 12 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. 1963-1964 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yeni bir g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. G\u00f6\u00e7 etme istemiyle, T\u00fcrkiye temsilciliklerine toplu g\u00f6\u00e7 dilek\u00e7eleri verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Mart 1964 tarihine kadar yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvurular a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir.<\/p>